Bauhinia racemosa Lam.
Family: Caesalpiniaceae
English: Mountain ebony, Bidi leaf tree
Bengali: BanrajHindi: कठमूली katmauli, Kachnal
Kannada: ಅಪ್ತಾ aapta, ಅರಳುಕದುಮನ್ದರ aralukadumandara, Vana samtige
Konkani: आप्टो apto
Malayalam: അരംപാലി arampaali, കുടബുളി kutabuli, മലയത്തി malayaththi
Marathi: अपटा apta, सोना sona
Sanskrit: यमलपत्रक yamalapatrakah, युग्मपत्र yugmapatra, Ashmantaka, Kanchini
Tamil: ஆத்தி atti, தாதகி tataki, Kokku mandarai
Telugu: ఆరెచెట్టు arechettu
Unani: Kachnaar.
Bauhinia racemosa Lam.; Encycl. [J. Lamarck & al.] 1(2): 390. 1785 [1 Aug 1785]
Trees, deciduous, small, to 15 m tall. Bark blackish, rough; branches spreading or pendulous, zigzag, slender, glabrous. Stipules caducous; petiole 0.8-1.2 cm; leaf blade broadly orbic¬ular, 1.5-4 × 2.2-6 cm, 7-9-veined, leathery, abaxially pubes¬cent or glabrous, adaxially glabrous, base cordate, apex bifid to ca. 1/3, lobes rounded at apex.
Inflorescence lateral or terminal raceme, 20-flowered; peduncle short; bracts and brac¬teoles linear. Flowers white, buds obovoid, puberulent, apex protruding. Calyx split spathaceously at anthe¬sis. Petals creamy white, subequal, oblanceolate, 8-10 mm, subses¬sile. Fertile stamens 10, unequal; filaments 6-7 mm; anthers small, ca. 3 mm. Ovary stalked, glabrous; stigma subsessile, peltate, small. Legume linear-cylindric, 15-20 × 1.8-2.2 cm; valves woody, glabrous. Seeds 12-20, dark brownish, ellipsoid, 8-10 mm in diam. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Aug. 2n = 28.
Distribution: Native to South Asia, in dry valeys.
Leaves are used as cattle fodder, coarse fibre is extacted from the bark. In Ayurveda the bark is useful for the treatment of malaria, dysentery and dyarhoea. It is also useful as astigent. The stem bark of the plant is an astringent and is used in the treatment of headache, fever, skin
diseases, tumors, blood diseases, dysentery, and diarrhea
Phytochemistry: ß-sitosterol and ß-amyrin(bark) , five flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin) and two coumarins (scopoletin and scopolin)
were also isolated from the leaves of the plant; Stilbene (resveratrol) was isolated from the heartwood Dibenzoxepin derivative, pacharin, from the heartwood of is reported.
Bark—highly astringent, anti-inflammatory (used in glandular inflammations, skin diseases, ulcers), cholagogue. Leaves—anthelmintic; with onion for diarrhoea. Flowers—used in haemorrhages, piles; also in cough. Seed—antibacterial.
Astringent, anthelmintic, cephalalgic
Images Content Courtesy: Ms. Avadhanam Lalithamba, Lecturer in Botany, Nellore
38 Published articles of Bauhinia racemosa
1. Galactolipids from Bauhinia racemosa as a new class of antifilarial agents against human lymphatic filarial parasite, Brugia malayi
Sashidhara Koneni V.; Singh Suriya P.; Misra Sweta; et al. - EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY Volume: 50 Pages: 230-235 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.
2. Pharmacognostic studies on stem bark of Bauhinia racemosa Lam.
Prakash V. G.; Abhay K. S.; Hundiwale J. C. - Journal of Pharmacy Research Volume: 5 Issue: 2 Pages: 1156-1159 Published: 2012
3. Antihistaminic effect of Bauhinia racemosa leaves.
Nirmal Sa; Laware Rb; Rathi R A; et al. - Journal of young pharmacists : JYP Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Pages: 129-31 Published: 2011-Apr
4. Antianxiety effect of methanolic extract of Bauhinia racemosa ( Lamk) stem bark in mice.
Davey M. S.; Atlee W. C.; Bharathi S. R. S. A.; et al. - International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences Volume: 2 Issue: 2 Pages: P-224 Published: 2011
5. In-vitro antibacterial efficacy of solvent extracts of leaves of Bauhinia racemosa Lam. ( Caesalpiniaceae) against enteric bacterial pathogens.
Dahikar S. B.; Bhutada S. A.; Tambekar D. H.; et al. - International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research Volume: 3 Issue: 1 Pages: 32-34 Published: 2011
6. Floral visitors on Bauhinia racemosa, a threatened medicinal plant.
Karmakar P.; Layek U.; Mitra B.; et al. - Bionotes Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Pages: 60-61 Published: April-June 2010
7. Phytochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Bauhinia racemosa Lamk (Caesalpiniaceae).
Gaurav Kumar; Karthik L.; Rao K. V. B. - International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (IJPSR) Volume: 1 Issue: 11 Pages: 51-58 Published: 2010
8. Antibacterial activity of hexane and acetone extracts of Peltophorum pterocarpumCalvillea racemosa and Bauhinia purpurea.
Ravikumar A.; Rathinam K. M. S. - International Journal of Chemical Sciences Volume: 7 Issue: 3 Pages: 1751-1756 Published: 2009
9. Study of analgesic activity of Bauhinia racemosa Lam. in rats.
Borikar V. I.; Jangde C. R.; Rekhe D. S.; et al. - Veterinary World Volume: 2 Issue: 4 Pages: 135-136 Published: 2009
10. Study of antiulcer activity of Bauhinia racemosa Lam in rats.
Borikar V. I.; Jangde C. R.; Preety Philip; et al. - Veterinary World Volume: 2 Issue: 6 Pages: 215-216 Published: 2009
11. Study of antipyretic activity of Bauhinia racemosa Lam in rats.
Borikar V. I.; Jangde C. R.; Preety Philip; et al. - Veterinary World Volume: 2 Issue: 6 Pages: 217-218 Published: 2009
12. Bioactivities of polyphenolics from the roots of Bauhinia racemosa
Jain Renuka; Saxena Umesh; Rathore Kiran; et al. - ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH Volume: 31 Issue: 12 Pages: 1525-1529 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/
13. Hepatoprotective effect of stem bark of Bauhinia racemosa Lam against paracetamol induced toxicity in rats.
Jangde C. R.; Bhandarkar A. G.; Philip P.; et al. - Royal Veterinary Journal of India Volume: 4 Issue: 2 Pages: 57-61 Published: 2008
14. Effect of Bauhinia racemosa stem bark on N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.
Kumar R. S.; Sunderam R. S.; Thangavel Sivakumar; et al. - American Journal of Chinese Medicine Volume: 35 Issue: 1 Pages: 103-114 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/
15. Effect of Bauhinia racemosa stem bark on N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats
Kumar Ramanathan Sambath; Sunderam Rajagopal Shanmuga; Sivakumar Thangavel; et al. - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE Volume: 35 Issue: 1 Pages: 103-114 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/
16. Anticancer activity of Bauhinia racemosa Lam on mice bearing ehrlich ascites carcinoma.
Mohamad R. H.; El-Bastawesy A. M.; Hegazi A. G. - Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences Volume: 40 Pages: 49-59 Published: 2006
17. Effects of methanol extracts of Caesalpinia bonducella and Bauhinia racemosa on hematology and hepatorenal function in mice
Kumar Ramanathan Sambath; Gupta Malaya; Mazumdar Upal Kanti; et al. - Journal of Toxicological Sciences Volume: 30 Issue: 4 Pages: 265-274 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2131/jts.
18. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Bauhinia racemosa L. stem bark
Kumar RS; Sivakumar T; Sunderam RS; et al. - BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH Volume: 38 Issue: 7 Pages: 1015-1024 Published: JUL 2005
19. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of methanol extract from Bauhinia racemosa stem bark in animal models
Gupta M; Mazumder UK; Kumar RS; et al. - JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY Volume: 98 Issue: 3 Pages: 267-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.
20. Antitumor activity and antioxident role of Bauhinia racemosa against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice
Gupta M; Mazumder UK; Kumar RS; et al. - ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA Volume: 25 Issue: 8 Pages: 1070-1076 Published: AUG 2004
21. Effect of orientation of seed placement in soil on seedling emergence in two Bauhinia species Bauhinia vahlii Wight et. Arn. and Bauhinia racemosa Lam.
Prasad P; Nautiyal AR - SEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Volume: 31 Issue: 2 Pages: 497-503 Published: 2003
22. Nutritive value of Apta ( Bauhinia racemosa) leaves for goats.
Dhore R. N.; Bhinge S. D.; Udar S. A.; et al. - Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 69-70 Published: 2003
23. A new tetracyclic phenol and other constituents from the roots of Bauhinia racemosa
Jain R; Alam S; Saxena U - INDIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY SECTION B-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY INCLUDING MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY Volume: 41 Issue: 6 Pages: 1321-1322 Published: JUN 2002
24. Characterisation of flavonoids from seed coat of Bauhinia racemosa
Swantijian K; Pathak V; Srivastava BK - ASIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Volume: 14 Issue: 2 Pages: 1067-1068 Published: APR-JUN 2002
25. Extraction and physico-chemical properties of oils from Bauhinia racemosa seeds.
Amoo I. A.; Moza L. - Rivista Italiana delle Sostanze Grasse Volume: 76 Issue: 9 Pages: 399-400 Published: 1999
26. Notes on the distribution of Bauhinia racemosa Lam. (Leguminoase: Caesalpinioideae) in India
Bandyopadhyay S. - Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany Volume: 21 Issue: 3 Pages: 662 Published: Feb. 10, 1997 (1998)
27. Notes on the distribution of Bauhinia racemosa Lam. (Leguminoase: Caesalpinioideae) in India
Bandyopadhyay S. - Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany Volume: 21 Issue: 3 Pages: 662 Published: Feb. 10, 1997 (1998)
28. Physiology of germination in Bauhinia: Involvement of seed coat in inhibition of germination in B-racemosa Lam seeds
Prasad P; Nautiyal AR - SEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Volume: 24 Issue: 2 Pages: 305-308 Published: 1996
29. CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIONAL-EVALUATION OF 2 GERMPLASMS OF THE TRIBAL PULSE, BAUHINIA-RACEMOSA LAMK
MOHAN VR; JANARDHANAN K - PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION Volume: 46 Issue: 4 Pages: 367-374 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/
30. DE-O-METHYLRACEMOSOL - A TETRACYCLIC 2,2-DIMETHYLCHROMAN FROM THE ROOTS OF BAUHINIA-RACEMOSA
PRABHAKAR P; GANDHIDASAN R; RAMAN PV; et al. - PHYTOCHEMISTRY Volume: 36 Issue: 3 Pages: 817-818 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/
31. CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE TRIBAL PULSES BAUHINIA-PURPUREA, B-RACEMOSA AND B-VAHLII
RAJARAM N; JANARDHANAN K - JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE Volume: 55 Issue: 3 Pages: 423-431 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/
32. THE SYNTHESIS OF PACHARIN - A DIBENZOXEPINE FROM THE HEARTWOOD OF BAUHINIA-RACEMOSA LAMK
COMBER MF; SARGENT MV - JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 1 Issue: 5 Pages: 1371-1373 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/
33. The synthesis of pacharin: a dibenzoxepine from the heartwood of Bauhinia racemosa Lamk.
Comber M. F.; Sargent M. V. - Perkin Transactions I Issue: 5 Pages: 1371-1373 Published: 1990
34. RACEMOSOL - A NOVEL TETRACYCLIC PHENOL FROM BAUHINIA RACEMOSA LAMK
ANJANEYULU ASR; REDDY AVB; REDDY DSK; et al. - TETRAHEDRON Volume: 42 Issue: 9 Pages: 2417-2420 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/
35. PACHARIN - A NEW DIBENZO(2,3-6,7)OXEPIN DERIVATIVE FROM BAUHINIA-RACEMOSA LAMK
ANJANEYULU ASR; REDDY AVR; REDDY DSK; et al. - TETRAHEDRON Volume: 40 Issue: 21 Pages: 4245-4252 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/
36. CHEMICAL STUDIES ON BAUHINIA-RACEMOSA
PRAKASH A; KHOSA RL - CURRENT SCIENCE Volume: 45 Issue: 19 Pages: 705-705 Published: 1976
37. PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STUDIES ON BAUHINIA-RACEMOSA
WAHI S P; PRAKASH A; WAHI A K - Indian Journal of Pharmacy Volume: 38 Issue: 6 Pages: 158 Published: 1976
38. A NEW BACTERIAL LEAF-SPOT DISEASE OF BAUHINIA RACEMOSA LAMK
PADHYA AC; PATEL MK; KOTASTHA.WV - CURRENT SCIENCE Volume: 34 Issue: 7 Pages: 224-& Published: 1965
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