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Friday, October 26, 2012

Echium plantagineum Patersons Curse Purple Vipers Bugloss


Echium plantagineum L.
Family: Boraginaceae
Snonyms: Echium alonsoi, Echium creticum subsp. Plantagineum, Echium longistamineum, Echium lycopsis, Echium orientale, Echium plantagineum var. album, Echium plantagineum var. monodasystemon, Echium plantaginifolium, Echium plantaginoides, Echium pseudoviolaceum, Echium sennenii, Echium violaceum, Echium violaceum var. medium.
Arabic: زهرة الأفعى لسان الحملية
Bulgarian: Живовлеково усойниче
Deutsch: Wegerichblättriger Natternkopf
Hornjoserbsce: Putnikołopjenata hrimanka
Russian: Синяк подорожниковый
Finnish: Piiankieli
Svenska: Blå snokört
Chinese: 车前叶蓝蓟

Caution: Purple bugloss (Echium lycopsis L. = Echium plantagineum L.) This species does contain several pyrrolizidine alkaloids, including echimidine, echiumine, and heliotrine. The plant has caused death of horses and liver damage of sheep in Australia (Cooper and Johnson 1984, Cheeke 1989). Lampe and McCann (1985) discuss toxicity of both species to humans after ingestion of herbal teas containing Echium spp. Chronic consumption can cause venoocclusive disease of the liver (Budd-Chiari syndrome), with hepatic vein thrombosis leading to cirrhosis. Purple bugloss (Echium lycopsis), which is discussed above, contains chemicals that can cause this type of problem. However, it does not appear to persist in Canada. There is no information in the literature on blueweed causing such poisoning, but it may contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids (Cheeke 1989). Caution is obviously warranted. Teas containing either of these plants should not be used by humans. [Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System]

68 Published articles list of Echium plantagineum
1.    Oxidative stability of Echium plantagineum seed oil bodies
Gray, David A.; Payne, Gareth; McClements, David Julian; et al. - EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY  Volume: 112   Issue: 7   Pages: 741-749   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200900280   Published: JUL 2010
2.    First report of non-coloured flavonoids in Echium plantagineum bee pollen: differentiation of isomers by liquid chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry
Ferreres, Federico; Pereira, David M.; Valentao, Patricia; et al. - RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY  Volume: 24   Issue: 6   Pages: 801-806   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4454   Published: MAR 2010
3.    Preparation of stearidonic acid-enriched triacylglycerols from Echium plantagineum seed oil
Rincon-Cervera, Miguel A.; Guil-Guerrero, Jose L. - EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY  Volume: 112   Issue: 2   Special Issue: SI   Pages: 227-232   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200900160   Published: FEB 2010
4.    Phenotypic plasticity among Echium plantagineum populations in different habitats of Western Cape, South Africa
Sharma, G. P.; Esler, K. J. - SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY  Volume: 74   Issue: 4   Pages: 746-749   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2008.04.006   Published: NOV 2008
5.    Heterologous production of GLA and SDA by expression of an Echium plantagineum Delta 6-desaturase gene (vol 170, pg 665, 2006)
Zhou, Xue-Rong; Robert, Stanely; Singh, Surinder; et al. - PLANT SCIENCE  Volume: 172   Issue: 2   Pages: 421-422   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.10.022   Published: FEB 2007
6.    Heterologous production of GLA and SDA by expression of an Echium plantagineum Delta 6-desaturase gene
Zhou, XR; Robert, S; Singh, S; et al. - PLANT SCIENCE  Volume: 170   Issue: 3   Pages: 665-673   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.10.021   Published: MAR 2006
7.    Solid-phase extraction and HPLC-MS profiling of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides: a case study of Echium plantagineum
Colegate, SM; Edgar, JA; Knill, AM; et al. - PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS  Volume: 16   Issue: 2   Pages: 108-119   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pca.828   Published: MAR-APR 2005
8.    Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of anthocyanin composition of dark blue bee pollen from Echium plantagineum
Di Paola-Naranjo, RD; Sanchez-Sanchez, J; Gonzalez-Paramas, AM; et al. - JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A  Volume: 1054   Issue: 1-2   Pages: 205-210   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.023   Published: OCT 29 2004
9.    The root epidermis of Echium plantagineum L.: a novel type of pattern based on the distribution of short and long root hairs
Tsai, SL; Harris, PJ; Lovell, PH - PLANTA  Volume: 217   Issue: 2   Pages: 238-244   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-0989-4   Published: JUN 2003
10.    [C-14]-Glyphosate: Uptake into Echium plantagineum following pre-emergent application
McEwen, AB; Whittle, EB; Parsons, RG; et al. - BCPC INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS CROP SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2003, VOL 1 AND 2, CONGRESS PROCEEDINGS  Pages: 883-886   Published: 2003
11.    Interactive effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the leaf-miner Dialectica scalariella Zeller (Lepidoptera : Gracillariidae) in Paterson's Curse, Echium plantagineum (Boraginaceae)
Johns, CV; Hughes, A - GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY  Volume: 8   Issue: 2   Pages: 142-152   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00462.x   Published: FEB 2002
12.    The comparative demography of the pasture weed Echium plantagineum between its native and invaded ranges
Grigulis, K; Sheppard, AW; Ash, JE; et al. - JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY  Volume: 38   Issue: 2   Pages: 281-290   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2001.00587.x   Published: APR 2001
13.    The impact of a root-crown weevil and pasture competition on the winter annual Echium plantagineum
Sheppard, AW; Smyth, MJ; Swirepik, A - JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY  Volume: 38   Issue: 2   Pages: 291-300   Published: APR 2001
14.    Effect of patch size and plant density of Paterson's curse (Echium plantagineum) on the oviposition of a specialist weevil, Mogulones larvatus
Shea, K; Smyth, M; Sheppard, A; et al. - OECOLOGIA  Volume: 124   Issue: 4   Pages: 615-621   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420000425   Published: SEP 2000
15.    The effect of grazing on seed production in Echium plantagineum
Smyth, MJ; Sheppard, AW; Swirepik, A - WEED RESEARCH  Volume: 37   Issue: 2   Pages: 63-70   Published: APR 1997
16.    Comparative population dynamics of Echium plantagineum between its native and invaded ranges
Grigulis, Karl; Sheppard, A. W.; Ash, J. E.; et al. - Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America  Volume: 78   Issue: 4 SUPPL.   Pages: 253   Published: 1997
17.    Lipid metabolism in leaves of an 18:4-plant, Echium plantagineum: A model of galactolipid biosynthesis in 18:3- and 18:4-plants
Williams, JP; Khan, MU - PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY  Volume: 34   Issue: 1   Pages: 93-100   Published: JAN-FEB 1996
18.    Persistent seed banks, plant fitness and their importance in the control of annual weeds: A study of Echium plantagineum, a winter annual weed of Mediterranean pasture
Forrester, Guy J. - Biological control of weeds  Pages: 339-345   Published: 1996
19.    Host specificity of the two lace bugs, Dictyla echii and Dictyla nassata [Hem: Tingidae] potential biological control agents for Paterson's curse (Echium plantagineum)
Shepherd, RCH - ENTOMOPHAGA  Volume: 40   Issue: 2   Pages: 131-143   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373062   Published: 1995
20.    RESOURCE PARTITIONING BETWEEN 2 SPECIES OF CEUTORHYNCHUS (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE) ON ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM IN A MEDITERRANEAN HABITAT
FORRESTER, GJ - BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH  Volume: 83   Issue: 3   Pages: 345-351   Published: SEP 1993
21.    Patch size and pollination in Echium plantagineum
Guitian, Javier; Guitian, Pablo; Navarro, Luis - Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid  Volume: 51   Issue: 1   Pages: 65-72   Published: 1993
22.    EVALUATING HONEY-BEES AS POLLINATORS OF VIRGIN FLOWERS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L (BORAGINACEAE) BY POLLEN-TUBE FLUORESCENCE (VOL 31, PG 83, 1992)
DAVIES, AR - JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH  Volume: 32   Issue: 3-4   Pages: 187-187   Published: 1993
23.    EVALUATING HONEY-BEES AS POLLINATORS OF VIRGIN FLOWERS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L (BORAGINACEAE) BY POLLEN-TUBE FLUORESCENCE
DAVIS, AR - JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH  Volume: 31   Issue: 2   Pages: 83-95   Published: 1992
24.    MIXED LOADING OF POLLEN FROM ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L (BORAGINACEAE) AND HIRSCHFELDIA-INCANA (L) LAGREZE-FOSS (BRASSICACEAE) BY AN INDIVIDUAL HONEY-BEE (APIS-MELLIFERA L)
DAVIS, AR - AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL  Volume: 131   Issue: 10   Pages: 649-655   Published: OCT 1991
25.    INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE TOXICITY OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM IN SHEEP .1. FIELD GRAZING EXPERIMENTS
SEAMAN, JT; TURVEY, WS; OTTAWAY, SJ; et al. - AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL  Volume: 66   Issue: 9   Pages: 279-285   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1989.tb13952.x   Published: SEP 1989
26.    INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE TOXICITY OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM IN SHEEP .2. PEN FEEDING EXPERIMENTS
SEAMAN, JT; DIXON, RJ - AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL  Volume: 66   Issue: 9   Pages: 286-292   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1989.tb13953.x   Published: SEP 1989
27.    MAPPING FLOWERING PATERSON'S CURSE ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM AROUND LAKE HUME NORTH EASTERN VICTORIA AUSTRALIA USING LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER DATA
ULLAH E; SHEPHERD R C H; BAXTER J T; et al. - Plant Protection Quarterly  Volume: 4   Issue: 4   Pages: 155-157   Published: 1989
28.    TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION AND OUTCROSSING IN WEEDY POPULATIONS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM
BURDON, JJ; JAROSZ, AM; BROWN, AHD - BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY  Volume: 34   Issue: 1   Pages: 81-92   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1988.tb01949.x   Published: MAY 1988
29.    CYTOCHROME-C ALLERGENS ISOLATED FROM THE POLLENS OF THE DICOTYLEDONS ENGLISH PLANTAIN (PLANTAGO-LANCEOLATA) AND PATERSONS CURSE (ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM)
MATTHEWS, PA; BALDO, BA; HOWDEN, MEH - MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY  Volume: 25   Issue: 1   Pages: 63-68   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0161-5890(88)90091-0   Published: JAN 1988
30.    EFFECT OF DROUGHT AND GRASSHOPPERS ON ESTABLISHMENT OF DIALECTICA-SCALARIELLA (ZELLER) (LEPIDOPTERA, GRACILLARIIDAE), A POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT FOR ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L
DELFOSSE, ES; LEWIS, RC; SMITH, CS - JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY  Volume: 26   Pages: 279-280   Part: Part 3   Published: AUG 14 1987
31.    THE ECOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF THE RETENTION OF WITHERED, NON-REWARDING FLOWERS IN ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L
KRUIJER, JD - ACTA BOTANICA NEERLANDICA  Volume: 36   Issue: 2   Pages: 139-140   Published: MAY 1987
32.    CHANGING OF UV-LIGHT PATTERN OF FLOWERS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM DURING SENESCENCE - OPTICAL SIGNALS FOR BEES AND BUMBLE BEES
MOELIONO, BM - ACTA BOTANICA NEERLANDICA  Volume: 36   Issue: 2   Pages: 139-139   Published: MAY 1987
33.    A SURVEY OF LANDHOLDER ATTITUDES TO ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L IN 3 SHIRES IN THE CENTRAL WEST OF NEW-SOUTH-WALES
SEAMAN, JT; DELLOW, JJ - JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE  Volume: 53   Issue: 4   Pages: 296-301   Published: 1987
34.    POPULATION-GENETICS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L - TARGET WEED FOR BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL
BURDON, JJ; BROWN, AHD - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES  Volume: 39   Issue: 4   Pages: 369-378   Published: 1986
35.    SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L. TO TOBACCO MOSAIC ALFALFA MOSAIC TOBACCO RINGSPOT AND TOBACCO NECROSIS VIRUSES
RANDLES J W - Australasian Plant Pathology  Volume: 15   Issue: 4   Pages: 74-77   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/APP9860074   Published: 1986
36.    HEPATOGENOUS CHRONIC COPPER POISONING IN SHEEP ASSOCIATED WITH GRAZING ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM
SEAMAN, JT - AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL  Volume: 62   Issue: 7   Pages: 247-248   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1985.tb07325.x   Published: 1985
37.    POISONING BY ECHIUM PLANTAGINEUM (BORAGINACEAE) IN CATTLE IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL
MENDEZ, MD; RIETCORREA, F; SCHILD, AL; et al. - PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA  Volume: 5   Issue: 2   Pages: 57-64   Published: APR-JUN 1985
38.    THE PHYTOPHAGOUS GUILD ON ECHIUM IN THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN AND THE BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL OF THE WEED, ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM
WAPSHERE, AJ - ACTA OECOLOGICA-OECOLOGIA APPLICATA  Volume: 6   Issue: 4   Pages: 331-338   Published: 1985
39.    GENETIC-VARIATION AND PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN POPULATIONS OF PATERSONS CURSE (ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L) IN SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA
WOOD, H; DEGABRIELE, R - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY  Volume: 33   Issue: 6   Pages: 677-685   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/BT9850677   Published: 1985
40.    CSIRO DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY SUBMISSION TO THE INQUIRIES INTO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM PATERSON'S-CURSE-SALVATION-JANE
DELFOSSE E S; CULLEN J M - Plant Protection Quarterly  Volume: 1   Issue: 1   Pages: 26-40   Published: 1985
41.    DISTRIBUTION OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOID POISONING IN HORSES IN NEW-SOUTH-WALES
DELLOW J J; SEAMAN J T - Plant Protection Quarterly  Volume: 1   Issue: 2   Pages: 79-83   Published: 1985
42.    CONTROL OF PATERSON'S-CURSE ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM WITH 2 4-D AND CHLORSULFURON AT LOW VOLUME RATES
COMBELLACK J H - Plant Protection Quarterly  Volume: 1   Issue: 2   Pages: 85-86   Published: 1985
43.    AN ECOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF THE COLOR-CHANGE OF FLOWERS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L
BOS, M; HUIZENGA, A; MOELIONO, BM; et al. - ACTA BOTANICA NEERLANDICA  Volume: 33   Issue: 3   Pages: 366-367   Published: 1984
44.    TOXICITY OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM (PATERSON CURSE) .1. MARGINAL TOXIC EFFECTS IN MERINO WETHERS FROM LONG-TERM FEEDING
CULVENOR, CCJ; JAGO, MV; PETERSON, JE; et al. - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH  Volume: 35   Issue: 2   Pages: 293-304   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AR9840293   Published: 1984
45.    ECOLOGICAL-STUDIES ON THRIPS-IMAGINIS BAGNALL (THYSANOPTERA) IN FLOWERS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L IN AUSTRALIA
KIRK, WDJ - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY  Volume: 9   Issue: 1   Pages: 9-18   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.1984.tb01613.x   Published: 1984
46.    HONEYBEES AND THE NECTAR OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L IN SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA
CORBET, SA; DELFOSSE, ES - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY  Volume: 9   Issue: 2   Pages: 125-139   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.1984.tb01351.x   Published: 1984
47.    TOXICITY OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM (PATERSON CURSE) .2. PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOID POISONING IN RATS
PETERSON, JE; JAGO, MV - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH  Volume: 35   Issue: 2   Pages: 305-315   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AR9840305   Published: 1984
48.    MULTILOCUS DIVERSITY IN AN OUTBREEDING WEED, ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L
BROWN, AHD; BURDON, JJ - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES  Volume: 36   Issue: 5-6   Pages: 503-509   Published: 1983
49.    DEMOGRAPHIC AND GENETIC CHANGES IN POPULATIONS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM
BURDON, JJ; MARSHALL, DR; BROWN, AHD - JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY  Volume: 71   Issue: 3   Pages: 667-679   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2259584   Published: 1983
50.    INVESTIGATION OF THE INVOLVEMENT OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM (PATERSONS CURSE) IN SEASONAL ALLERGY - IGE ANTIBODIES TO ECHIUM AND OTHER WEED POLLENS
KATELARIS, C; BALDO, BA; HOWDEN, MEH; et al. - ALLERGY  Volume: 37   Issue: 1   Pages: 21-28   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1982.tb04113.x   Published: 1982
51.    THE BIOLOGY OF AUSTRALIAN WEEDS .8. ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L
PIGGIN, CM - JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE  Volume: 48   Issue: 1   Pages: 3-16   Published: 1982
52.    PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS IN HONEY FROM ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L
CULVENOR, CCJ; EDGAR, JA; SMITH, LW - JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY  Volume: 29   Issue: 5   Pages: 958-960   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00107a018   Published: 1981
53.    THE DISTRIBUTION OF BORAGINACEAE IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA IN RELATION TO THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM
SCOTT J K; KENNEALLY K F - Western Australian Herbarium Research Notes  Issue: 5   Pages: 81-110   Published: 1981
54.    THE LIFE-HISTORY AND HOST SPECIFICITY OF THE ECHIUM BORER, PHYTOECIA-COERULESCENS [COL, CERAMBYCIDAE]
KIRK, AA; WAPSHERE, AJ - ENTOMOPHAGA  Volume: 24   Issue: 4   Pages: 423-430   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374182   Published: 1979
55.    CONTROL OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L WITH 2,4-D AND GRAZING MANAGEMENT
PIGGIN, CM - WEED RESEARCH  Volume: 19   Issue: 1   Pages: 17-23   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1979.tb01512.x   Published: 1979
56.    DISPERSAL OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L BY SHEEP
PIGGIN, CM - WEED RESEARCH  Volume: 18   Issue: 3   Pages: 155-160   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1978.tb01152.x   Published: 1978
57.    COMPETITIVE GROWTH OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L AND TRIFOLIUM-SUBTERRANEUM L
PIGGIN, CM - WEED RESEARCH  Volume: 18   Issue: 1   Pages: 9-17   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1978.tb01569.x   Published: 1978
58.    FLOWERING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L
PIGGIN, CM - WEED RESEARCH  Volume: 18   Issue: 2   Pages: 83-87   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1978.tb01140.x   Published: 1978
59.    NUTRITIVE-VALUE OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L AND TRIFOLIUM-SUBTERRANEUM L
PIGGIN, CM - WEED RESEARCH  Volume: 17   Issue: 6   Pages: 361-365   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1977.tb00494.x   Published: 1977
60.    FACTORS AFFECTING SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT AND SURVIVAL OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L TRIFOLIUM-SUBTERRANEUM L AND LOLIUM-RIGIDUM GAUD
PIGGIN, CM - WEED RESEARCH  Volume: 16   Issue: 4   Pages: 267-272   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00412.x   Published: 1976
61.    FACTORS AFFECTING SEED-GERMINATION OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L AND TRIFOLIUM-SUBTERRANEUM L
PIGGIN, CM - WEED RESEARCH  Volume: 16   Issue: 5   Pages: 337-344   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00423.x   Published: 1976
62.    FACTORS AFFECTING SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT AND SURVIVAL OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM TRIFOLIUM-SUBTERRANEUM AND LOLIUM-RIGIDUM
PIGGIN C M - Weed Research  Volume: 16   Issue: 4   Pages: 267-272   Published: 1976
63.    AN EXCEPTIONAL CASE OF FASCIATION IN ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM-D
BRUNO F - Annali di Botanica (Rome)  Volume: 28   Issue: 2   Pages: 465-468   Published: 1965
64.    The occurrence of 6,9, 12,15-octadecatetraenoic acid in Echium plantagineum seed oil
SMITH, C. R.; HAGEMANN, J. W.; WOLFF, I. A. - J AMER OIL CHEM SOC  Volume: 41   Issue: (4)   Pages: 290-291   Published: 1965
65.    OCCURRENCE OF 6,9,12,15-OCTADECATETRAENOIC ACID IN ECHIUM PLANTAGINEUM SEED OIL
SMITH, CR; HAGEMANN, JW; WOLFF, IA - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY  Volume: 41   Issue: 4   Pages: 290-&   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02667021   Published: 1964
66.    Hepatogenous chronic copper poisoning in sheep in South Australia due to the consumption of Echium plantagineum L. (Salvation Jane)
GEORGE-GRAMBAUER, T. D. S.; RAC, R. - AUSTRALIAN VET JOUR  Volume: 38   Issue: (5)   Pages: 288-293   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1962.tb04033.x   Published: 1962
67.    Differential specificity exhibited by two germination inhibitors present in Echium plantagineum
BALLARD, L. A. T.; GRANTLIFF, A. E. - AUSTRALIAN JOUR BIOL SCI  Volume: 12   Issue: (3)   Pages: 343-347   Published: 1959
68.    THE ALKALOIDS OF ECHIUM-PLANTAGINEUM L .1. ECHIUMINE AND ECHIMIDINE
CULVENOR, CCJ - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY  Volume: 9   Issue: 4   Pages: 512-520   Published: 1956

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