Chrozophora rottleri, Suryavarta

Chrozophora rottleri (Geiseler) A.Juss. ex Spreng.
Family: Euphorbiaceae

Vernakular names in  India:  dekha  chowkdi,  dekha-chowkdi,  erra  miriyam, gubra, gurugu, khakaguddi, khudi-okra, linga menasu, linga mirapa,  lingamenasu,  shadevi,  sonballi,  souballi,  subali, suravarta, surya-varti, suryavarta

Description: es alternate, 2-5 x 1-4 cm, rounded or obtuse at apex, rounded or subtruncate at base, entire or shallowly crenate-sinuate, 3-5-veined from base, somewhat bullate above when young, becoming less so with age, pubescent above, densely so beneath; petiole 1-4 cm long, densely stellate-pubescent; stipules 2 mm long, linear. Inflorescence 1-5 cm long, leaf-opposed. Male flowers: pedicels 1 mm long; sepals c. 3 mm long, lanceolate, stellate-pubescent; petals pink, 3 mm long, elliptic-oblong, lepidote without; stamens 15, united into 4 mm tall column; anthers 1 mm long. Female flowers: pedicels c. 5 mm long, extending up to 1.5 cm or more in fruit; sepals 1.5-2 mm long, linear-lanceolate, stellate-pubescent; petals minute or absent. Ovary 2 mm diameter, densely stellate-pubescent; styles 1-1.5 mm long, bifid almost from base, stellate-pubescent without, densely papillose within. Fruit 4 x 7 mm, rounded, 3-lobed, stellate-pubescent; seeds 3-3.5 x 2-2.5 mm, globose-ovoid, grey.

Used in Ayurveda. Plant acrid, poisonous, emetic, cathartic, drastic corrosive. Leaves depurative, seeds purgative; ashes of the roots administered to children for cough; root powder given with water in cough and cold. Leaves chewed to treat leucoderma; crushed leaves applied in sunburn and sunstroke. Fish poison. Veterinary medicine, leaves used in the treatment of skin diseases on neck of horses. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]

Published articles of Chrozophora rottleri

1.    Ecological studies of Chrozophora rottleri A. Juss Ambasht, R.S. and L. Bechu, Proceedings of the 6th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference, Indonesia, 1977., (Volume 1): p. 152-160.
2.    REVIEW ON MEDICINAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF IRESINE HERBSTII, C.R.A.E.L.D., C., S. Murugan, and D.P. Uma, African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 2011. 8(5): p. 124-129.
3.    VARIATION OF TOTAL PHENOLICS IN LEAVES OF CHROZOPHORA-ROTTLERI DURING MATURATION Dogra, J.V.V. and S.K.P. Sinha, Biological Bulletin of India, 1982. 4(1): p. 47-49.
4.    Development of embryo sac and endosperm in Chrozophora rottleri A. Juss. A rein-vestigation Kapil, R.N., Bot Gaz, 1956. 117((3)): p. 242-247.
5.    GROWTH AND PRODUCTION IN CHROZOPHORA-ROTTLERI UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF WATERING Lal, B. and R.S. Ambasht, Acta Botanica Indica, 1977. 5(2): p. 30-30.
6.    GROWTH OF CHROZOPHORA-ROTTLERI IN RELATION TO DIFFERENT WATERING LEVELS Lal, B. and R.S. Ambasht, Indian Journal of Ecology, 1978. 5(2): p. 172-180.
7.    Some aspects of the autecology of Chrozophora rottleri A Juss Mall, L.P., Bull Bot Soc Univ Saugar, 1956. 8((2)): p. 13-24.
8.    Phytochemical screening of the common weed Chrozophora rottleri to explore the antioxidant property Narmadaa, T., et al., Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2012. 3(1): p. 593-596.
9.    Management of Chrozophora rottleri in chickpea ( Cicer aretinum L) Ratnam, M., A.S. Rao, and T.Y. Reddy, Journal of Research ANGRAU, 2011. 39(1/2): p. 82-83.
10.    Floral ecology and beetle pollination in the monoecious Chrozophora rottleri (Euphorbiaceae) Reddy, C.S., R.J.S. Aluri, and G. Veerabhadraiah, Journal of Palynology, 2002. 34(1/4): p. 151-156.
11.    Studies in the family Euphorbiaceae. I. The gametophytes of Chrozophora rottleri A. Juss Sharma, G., Jour Indian Bot Soc, 1956. 35((2)): p. 189-193.
12.    DEVELOPMENT OF FEMALE GAMETOPHYTE AND ENDOSPERM IN CHROZOPHORA ROTTLERI Srivastava, R.K. and G.P. Agarwal, Botanical Gazette, 1953. 114(3): p. 348-350.
13.    Phytotoxicity of aqueous leachate from the weed Chrozophora rottleri A. Juss. on rice, w.a.m.S., Mandal and P.K. Tapaswi, Journal of Weed Science and Technology, 1999. 44(2): p. 144-146.