Cardamine hirsuta, Hairy Bitter Cress, ミチタネツケバナ

Cardamine hirsuta L.
Family: Brassicaceae

Synonyms: Arabis heterophylla G.Forst. ex DC., Cardamine africana subsp. borbonica (Bojer) O.E. Schulz, Cardamine angulata Regel, Cardamine borbonica Bojer, Cardamine fagetina Schur, Cardamine humilis Kit., Cardamine micrantha Spenn., Cardamine multicaulis Hoppe ex Schur, Cardamine parviflora Suter, Cardamine praecox Pall. ex Ledeb., Cardamine scutata var. formosana (Hayata) T.S.Liu & S.S.Ying, Cardamine scutata var. rotundiloba (Hayata) T.S.Liu & S.S.Ying, Cardamine simensis Hochst. ex Oliv., Cardamine tenella E.D.Clarke, Cardamine tetrandra Hegetschw., Cardamine umbrosa Andrz. ex DC., Cardamine virginica Michx., Crucifera cardamine E.H.L.Krause, Ghinia hirsuta (L.) Bubani, Ghinia sylvatica Bubani

Common name: Hairy Bitter Cress, Lamb's Cress, Land Cress, Hoary Bitter Cress
Arabic: حرف زغبي
Azerbaijani: Kələkötür ürəkotu
Chinese: 碎米荠
Dutch: Kleine veldkers
Estonian: Kare jürilill
Finnish: Mäkilitukka
French: Cardamine hérissée, Cresson de muraille
German: Behaartes Schaumkraut
Italian: Billeri primaticcio
Japanese: ミチタネツケバナ
Manipuri: উচী হংগাম Uchi hangam
Polish: Rzeżucha włochata
Swedish: Bergbräsma
Welsh: Berwr chwerw blewog

Description: Annual herb, 10-30 cm tall, erect, often with a basal rosette of leaves only and a slender tap root. Basal leaves 2-7-jugate, 2-10 cm long, 1-2.5 cm broad, glabrous or hairy with simple hairs; leaflets ovate-orbicular, except the terminal one which is slightly larger and subreniform, shortly stalked, subsessile to sessile, very variable in size, subentire to irregularly few lobulate and toothed, usually 6-10 mm in diam. Racemes 10-30-flowered, up to 10 cm long in fruit. Sepals 2-2.5 mm long. Petals c. 3 mm long, usually not or hardly exceeding the sepals (very rarely suppressed). Stamens 6, rarely 4 (the outer 2 abortive ), c. 2: 2.5 mm long. Siliquae linear, compressed, 15-25 mm long, 1 mm broad, straight, glabrous ; valves smooth with a faint mid-vein; style almost absent to 0.5 mm long with a capitate stigma; septum not veined; seeds many, c. 1 mm long.

Uses: In Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia, Cardamine hirsuta L. is used to stop dysentery and to treat eye trouble. Note that the leaves are eaten in salads. [Medicinal Plants: Drugs For The Future? ]

24 Published articles of Cardamine hirsuta
1.    Cadmium accumulation characteristics of the winter farmland weeds Cardamine hirsuta Linn. and Gnaphalium affine D. Don Lin, L., et al., Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014. 186(7): p. 4051-4056.
2.    Cardamine hirsuta: a versatile genetic system for comparative studies Hay, A.S., et al., Plant Journal, 2014. 78(1): p. 1-15.
3.    Relative strength of phenotypic selection on the height and number of flowering-stalks in the rosette annual Cardamine hirsuta (Brassicaceae) Sato, Y. and H. Kudoh, Journal of Ecology and Environment, 2013. 36(1-4): p. 151-158.
4.    SIMPLE LEAF3 encodes a ribosome-associated protein required for leaflet development in Cardamine hirsuta Kougioumoutzi, E., et al., Plant Journal, 2013. 73(4): p. 533-545.
5.    TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT FLUCTUATION OF STAMEN NUMBER IN CARDAMINE HIRSUTA (BRASSICACEAE) Matsuhashi, S., S. Sakai, and H. Kudoh, International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2012. 173(4): p. 391-398.
6.    THE MECHANISM FOR EXPLOSIVE SEED DISPERSAL IN CARDAMINE HIRSUTA (BRASSICACEAE) Vaughn, K.C., A.J. Bowling, and K.J. Ruel, American Journal of Botany, 2011. 98(8): p. 1276-1285.
7.    Weeds of change: Cardamine hirsuta as a new model system for studying dissected leaf development Canales, C., et al., Journal of Plant Research, 2010. 123(1): p. 25-33.
8.    Quan-Le, T.C.a.R.P.o.C.h.L.X.U., et al., Plant Physiology Communications, 2009. 45(7): p. 687-687.
9.    Dissected leaf development in Cardamine hirsuta Jenkins, H., et al., Mechanisms of Development, 2009. 126: p. S55-S55.
10.    A developmental framework for dissected leaf formation in the Arabidopsis relative Cardamine hirsuta Barkoulas, M., et al., Nature Genetics, 2008. 40(9): p. 1136-1141.
11.    Does invasion involve alternation of germination requirements? A comparative study between native and introduced strains of an annual Brassicaceae, C.h.K., Hiroshi, et al., Ecological Research, 2007. 22(6): p. 869-875.
12.    Foliar vs. root sensitivity of hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) to isoxaben Wehtje, G., et al., Weed Technology, 2006. 20(2): p. 326-333.
13.    The genetic basis for differences in leaf form between Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relative Cardamine hirsuta Hay, A. and M. Tsiantis, Nature Genetics, 2006. 38(8): p. 942-947.
14.    Ecological distribution and phenology of an invasive species, C.h.L., and its native counterpart, Cardamine flexuosa with., in central Japan Yatsu, Yoshinori, N. Kachi, and H. Kudoh, Plant Species Biology, 2003. 18(1): p. 35-42.
15.    Pieris napi L. and P. rapae L. (Lep.: Pieridae): Cardamine hirsuta as a basic larval foodplant in north-west Kent West, B.K., Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation, 1998. 110(5-6): p. 114-115.
16.    Cardamine hirsuta: a weed in the Spanish nursery stock ... imported with the peat? Bay, T., et al. Congress 1997 - Sociedad Espanola De Malherbologia, Proceedings. 1997. 177-180.
17.    Cardamine hirsuta infesting nursery stock... imported with the peat? Bay, T., et al., Proceedings of the 1997 congress of the Spanish Weed Science Society, Valencia, Spain, 24-26 November 1997., 1997: p. 177-180.
18.    Hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) seed production and dispersal in the propagation of landscape plants Bachman, G. and T. Whitwell, Sna Research Conference, Thirty-Ninth Annual Report, 1994, Proceedings Of, 1994: p. 299-302.
19.    Weeds of cultivated crops: Cardamine hirsuta L Beuret, E. and J. Caputa, Revue Suisse de Viticulture, d'Arboriculture et d'Horticulture, 1985. 17(2): p. 124-125.
20.    Double false flowers in Cardamine pratensis and Cardamine hirsuta Lawalree, A., Bull Soc Roy Bot Belgique, 1957. 90((1)): p. 13-14.
21.    Observations on the cruciferous weed C. hirsuta Panella, A., Riv Patol Veg, 1940. 30((9/10)): p. 321-334.
22.    Observations on the Crucifier weed " Cardamine hirsuta " L Panella, A., Rivista di Patologia Vegetale, 1940. 30: p. 14 pp.-14 pp.
23.    Use of Cardamine hirsuta in treating livestock breeding sewage, c.p.C.h.i.e.p.b.l.b.s.D., S., et al. Univ Sichuan Agric.
24.    Extraction of organic selenium from natural plant by soaking crushed Cardamine hirsuta plant in pure clean water, h.a.e.a.s.c., filtering, and spray drying or decompressing and distilling the filtrate Bai, H. Enshi Sunse Biotechnology Co Ltd.