Solanum erianthum, Vidari, Akra, Ngoi, Mullein Nightshade, ฝ่าแป้ง

Solanum erianthum D. Don
Family: Solanaceae
Synonym: Solanum adulterinum Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.

Common name: Big Eggplant, Mullein Nightshade, China flowerleaf, Potato tree, Wild Tobacco tree
Garo: khimkha nagong
Hindi: Akra, बन तमाखू Ban tamakhu
Kannada: kadusonde, kallarthi, savudangi
Khasi: dieng sohmon niangkodong
Malayalam: chunta, erichunta, malanjunta,
Manipuri: লম খামেন Lam khamen
Marathi: कुत्री kutri
Oriya: vidari
Sanskrit: gandira, pathi, priyamkari, vidari
Tamil: karimulli, mulkathari, sundai, ஆனைச்சுண்டை Anai-c-cuntai, சுண்டை, மலைச்சுண்டை Malai-c-cuntai
Telugu: budama, rasagadi, pittu
Chinese: 假烟叶树
Indonesian: Terung teter
Thai: ฝ่าแป้ง
Vietnamese: Ngoi

Description: An erect shrub from 120-150 cm or more tall. Young shoots and branchlets dense stellate-tomentose with yellowish-white indument. Leaves 8-25 x 4-9.5 cm, elliptic-ovate, acute to acuminate, stellately tomentose, cuneate, under surface (in dried state) lighter coloured. Petiole 20-30 (-40) mm long. Flowers 15-25 in number, in dense terminal and axillary corymbose cymes, white. Peduncle up to 90 mm long, ± stout. Calyx ± cupular, tomentose; lobes c. 3 mm long, acute, slightly enlarged in fruit. Corolla slightly exceeding the calyx; limb 14-16 mm broad, lobes 4.5 mm long, acute. Anthers oblong, 4-5 mm long; filaments 1.5 mm long, glabrous. Style glabrous. Ovary glabrescent. Berry globose, 8-10 mm broad, yellow. Seeds ± discoid, minutely reticulate

Roots—a decoction is prescribed for vertigo. Leaves— prescribed for vaginal discharges. Various plant parts are ground with warm water and applied externally to lessen inflammation, burning sensation and pain. The glycoalkaloid, solasonine is present in the leaves and fruits. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]

16 Published articles of Solanum erianthum
1.    Phytochemical, i.v.a.a.a.a.o.l.e.o.S.e.D.D.S., J. and J.M. Ahamath, World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015. 4(1): p. 1805-1811.
2.    Evaluation of pharmacognostic, p.s.a.h.m.a.o.m.p.S.e.D.D.S., J. and J.M. Ahamath, World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (WJPPS), 2014. 3(5): p. 1601-1606.
3.    Anti-Inflammatory Components from the Root of Solanum erianthum Chen, Y.-C., et al., International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2013. 14(6): p. 12581-12592.
4.    Wound healing activity of alcoholic extract of Solanum erianthum D. Don in excision and incision method Bhargavi, C.S., et al., International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy (IJRAP), 2013. 4(1): p. 130-135.
5.    Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from the Fruits of Solanum erianthum D. Don Mahadev, R., et al., Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2012. 15(3): p. 387-391.
6.    Pharmacological effects of leaves and fruits of Solanum erianthum (Solanaceae) for anti-trichomonal activity Ibikunle, G.F., International Journal of Life science & Pharma Research, 2012. 2(1): p. P-185-P-190.
7.    Antihepatitis B Virus Constituents of Solanum erianthum Chou, S.-C., et al., Natural Product Communications, 2012. 7(2): p. 153-156.
8.    Antihepatitis B virus constituents from Solanum erianthum Chou, S.C., et al., Planta Medica, 2012. 78(11): p. 1190-1190.
9.    Sesquiterpenoids from the root of Solanum erianthum Chen, Y. and H. Lee, Planta Medica, 2011. 77(12): p. 1344-1345.
10.    Solanum erianthum intoxication mimicking an acute cerebrovascular disease Huang, S.-T., et al., The American journal of emergency medicine, 2009. 27(2): p. 249.e1-2.
11.    EFFECT OF SOLANUM-ERIANTHUM AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT ON PLASMODIUM-BERGHEI-BERGHEI IN MICE Makinde, J.M., P.O. Obih, and A.A. Jimoh, African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 1987. 16(4): p. 193-196.
12.    Native potato tree (Solanum erianthum D.Don) grown as an ornamental Everitt, J.H., Journal of the Rio Grande Valley Horticultural Society, 1977. 31: p. 145-146.
13.    ALKALOIDS FROM SOLANUM-ERIANTHUM Mola, J.L., U. Hess, and W. Doepke, Die Pharmazie, 1973. 28(5): p. 337-337.
14.    Plaster, e.g.u.f.t.s.p., includes Notopterygium root, bee sage, Angelica, rhizoma ligustici wallichii, frankincense, myrrh, ramulus mori, Asarum sieboldii, processed semen strychni, and Solanum erianthum Wang, X. Wang X.
15.    Method for grafting solanum melongena L into solanum erianthum Li, D. Productivity Promotion Cent Renhe Distr.
16.    Isolation and characterization of novel bioactive compounds from solanum erianthum Ahamath, J.M. and J. Sirajudeen. Ahamath J M; Sirajudeen J.