Plectranthus barbatus, Pashana bhedi, Forskolin, Indian Coleus, Etiopianliisukka

Plectranthus barbatus Andrews
Family: Lamiaceae

Syninyms: Plectranthus pseudobarbatus J.K.Morton, Plectranthus comosus Sims, Plectranthus coerulescens (Gürke) R.H.Willemse, Plectranthus barbatus var. barbatus, Plectranthus asper (Roth) Spreng., Orthosiphon asperus (Roth) Benth. ex Sweet, Ocimum asperum Roth, Coleus vestitus Baker, Coleus speciosus Baker f., Coleus penzigii Dammann ex Baker, Coleus forsskaolii var. adoensis Briq., Coleus coerulescens Gürke, Coleus barbatus (Andrews) Benth. ex G.Don, Coleus adolfi-friderici Perkins

Common name: Indian Coleus, forskohlii,

• Arabic: بيدة فورسكول
• Chinese: 毛喉鞘蕊花
• Finnish: Etiopianliisukka
• Gujarati: ગરમર Garmar
• Hindi: Makandi, पत्थरचूर Patharchur, पाषाणभेदी Pashan bhedi
• Malayalam: Panikoorka
• Marathi: Karmelo, माईण Or माईन Mayin, माईनमूळ Mainmul 
• Nepali: गन्धे झार Gandhe jhar
• Português: Boldo-de-jardim
• Sanskrit: पाषाणभेदी Pashanabhedi, बालकः Balakah
• Telugu: పాషాణ భేది Pashana bhedi

Desctiption: Pubescent herbs. Leaves to 8 x 4 cm, ovate, elliptic, apex obtuse, base cuneate, crenate, pubescent; petiole to 3 cm. Racemes terminal, to 20 cm long; bracts 4 mm, broadly ovate, acuminate, ciliate; calyx inside with a ring of hairs upper lip 4 mm, ovate, acuminate, lower 4 toothed, 2 mm, all ciliate; corolla tube 6 mm, lower lip broadly ovate, 6 mm, violet; staminal sheath to 4 mm; style 1.5 cm, bifid.

Used in Ayurveda. Root extract for lowering blood pressure. Roots  and  leaves  antiseptic,  anthelmintic,  antimicrobial, antispasmodic, diaphoretic, stomachic, tonic, cooling, insect repellent, antidiarrheal, febrifuge and antimalarial, used for muscular pains. Leaves purgative, stomachic, for stomachache, measles, fevers; leaves ground with black peppers and the paste given to children with diarrhea. Veterinary medicine, roots given to buffaloes for lactation. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]

Root and leaf—spasmolytic, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, lipolytic. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]

42 Published articles of Plectranthus barbatus
1.    GC-MS characterisation and biological activity of essential oils from different vegetative organs of Plectranthus barbatus and Plectranthus caninus cultivated in north Italy Gelmini, F., et al., Natural product research, 2015. 29(11): p. 993-8.
2.    Effect of growth regulators on in vitro organogenesis and long term storage of Plectranthus barbatus Andr. (Syn.: Coleus forskohlii (Wild.) Briq.) Sreedevi, E. and T. Pullaiah, Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy, 2014. 8(2): p. 143-151.
3.    In Vitro Antiprotozoal Activity of Abietane Diterpenoids Isolated from Plectranthus barbatus Andr Mothana, R.A., et al., International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2014. 15(5): p. 8360-8371.
4.    Volatile-Oils Composition, a.B.o.t.E.O.o.P.b., P. neochilus, and P. ornatus Grown in Portugal Mota, Luisa, et al., Chemistry & Biodiversity, 2014. 11(5): p. 719-732.
5.    A rapid and green route to synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Plectranthus barbatus ( Coleus forskohlii) root extract for antimicrobial activity Manikandan, D., D.G. Prakash, and N.N. Gandhi, International Journal of ChemTech Research, 2014. 6(9): p. 4391-4396.
6.    Plant regeneration from leaf-derived callus in Plectranthus barbatus Andr. syn.: Coleus forskohlii (Wild.) Briq. Sreedevi, E., M. Anuradha, and T. Pullaiah, African Journal of Biotechnology, 2013. 12(18): p. 2441-2448.
7.    Relative benefits of using different sugars and coconut water for in vitro regeneration of Plectranthus barbatus Andr. Syn.: Coleus forskohlii Sreedevi, E., M. Anuradha, and T. Pullaiah, Journal of Tropical Medicinal Plants, 2013. 14(1/2): p. 23-29.
8.    Plectranthus barbatus overview Ncbi, European Nucleotide Archive, 2013.
9.    Inhibition of HIV-1 enzymes, a.a.a.-i.a.o.P.b.K., Petrina, A.A. Hussein, and D. Meyer, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2013. 149(1): p. 184-190.
10.    Effect of plant growth regulators on morphogenesis and forskolin production in Plectranthus barbatus Andrews Subbanarashimhan, B., R. Lingaiah, and A. Maniyam, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2012. 48(2): p. 208-215.
11.    Anticonvulsant activity of extracts of Plectranthus barbatus leaves in mice Fernandes, L.C.B., C.C. Camara, and B. Soto-Blanco, Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012. 2012: p. 860153-Article ID 860153.
12.    Interaction between Plectranthus barbatus herbal tea components and acetylcholinesterase: binding and activity studies Fale, P.L.V., et al., Food & Function, 2012. 3(11): p. 1176-1184.
13.    ANTI-TRYPANOSOMAL ACTIVITY OF 1, 3,4,6-PENTA-O-GALLOYL-beta-D-GLUCOSE ISOLATED FROM Plectranthus barbatus Andrews (Lamiaceae) dos Santos, Roberta T., et al., Quimica Nova, 2012. 35(11): p. 2229-2232.
14.    Anticonvulsant Activity of Extracts of Plectranthus barbatus Leaves in Mice Borges Fernandes, L.C., C. Campos Camara, and B. Soto-Blanco, Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2012. 2012: p. 860153-860153.
15.    Anticonvulsant Activity of Extracts of Plectranthus barbatus Leaves in Mice Borges Fernandes, L.C., C.C. Camara, and B. Soto-Blanco, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012: p. 1-4.
16.    Effect of plant growth regulators on morphogenesis and forskolin production in Plectranthus barbatus Andrews Balasubramanya, S., L. Rajanna, and M. Anuradha, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 2012. 48(2): p. 208-215.
17.    Adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf explants of the valuable medicinal herb Plectranthus barbatus Andrews Thangavel, P., S.J. Britto, and S.R. Senthilkumar, African Journal of Biotechnology, 2011. 10(43): p. 8562-8569.
18.    Methods estimated drying and percentage of extracts in leaves of Plectranthus barbatus (Brazilian bold) and P. ornatus (false bold) Rodrigues, T.S., et al., Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais, 2011. 13(Special issue): p. 587-590.
19.    Interaction between Plectranthus barbatus herbal tea components and human serum albumin and lysozyme: Binding and activity studies Fale, P.L.V., et al., Spectroscopy-Biomedical Applications, 2011. 26(2): p. 79-92.
20.    Function of Plectranthus barbatus herbal tea as neuronal acetylcholinesterase inhibitor Fale, P.L.V., et al., Food & Function, 2011. 2(2): p. 130-136.
21.    Multilocation evaluation of induced mutants and soma clones of Plectranthus barbatus Andrews (= Coleus forskohlii (Wild) Briq.) on growth, y.a.q.p.V., M., et al., Journal of Natural Remedies, 2010. 10(2): p. 152-162.
22.    Antiacetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities of Plectranthus barbatus tea, a.i.v.g.m.P., Sara, et al., Food Chemistry, 2010. 122(1): p. 179-187.
23.    Iron chelating-mediated antioxidant activity of Plectranthus barbatus extract on mitochondria Maioli, M.A., et al., Food Chemistry, 2010. 122(1): p. 203-208.
24.    The inhibitory effect of Plectranthus barbatus and Plectranthus ecklonii leaves on the viability, g.a.a.b.f.o.S.s.a.S.m.F., Neusa L., et al., Food Chemistry, 2010. 119(2): p. 664-668.
25.    The inhibitory effect of Plectranthus barbatus and Plectranthus ecklonii leaves on the viability, g.a.a.b.f.o.S.s.a.S.m.F., N. L., et al., Food Chemistry, 2010. 119(2): p. 664-668.
26.    Allelopathic potential of Plectranthus barbatus Andrews on Lactuca sativa L. and Bidens pilosa L. seeds germination Azambuja, N., et al., Revista de Ciencias Agroveterinarias, 2010. 9(1): p. 66-73.
27.    Plectranthus barbatus: A Review of Phytochemistry, E.U.a.P.-P.A., Rawiya H. and M.F. Melzig, Planta Medica, 2010. 76(8): p. 753-765.
28.    Plectranthus barbatus: A Review of Phytochemistry, E.U.a.P.-P.A., Rawiya H. and M.F. Melzig, Planta Medica, 2010. 76(7): p. 653-661.
29.    PHYTO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF PLECTRANTHUS BARBATUS ANDR. MEDICINAL PLANT USED BY TODA TRIBAL PEOPLE IN KODANADU HILLS, N.D., TAMIL NADU, INDIA Senthilkumar, M., N.S. Veerappa, and S. Manian, Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany, 2009. 33(3): p. 542-544.
30.    Rosmarinic acid, s.-m.e.-O.-g.a.S.-c.E.a.t.m.c.r.f.t.a.a.a.a.i.h.t.o.P., et al., Food Chemistry, 2009. 114(3): p. 798-805.
31.    In Vitro Skin Diffusion Study of Pure Forskolin versus a Forskolin-Containing Plectranthus barbatus Root Extract Chen, J., et al., Journal of Natural Products, 2009. 72(4): p. 769-771.
32.    Inhibition of the gastric H+, K.-A.b.p.A., a diterpenoid isolated from Plectranthus barbatus Andrews Schultz, Carla, et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2007. 111(1): p. 1-7.
33.    Abietane diterpenoids isolation from Plectranthus barbatus de Albuquerque, R.L., et al., Quimica Nova, 2007. 30(8): p. 1882-1886.
34.    Effect of the extract of the Plectranthus barbatus (Andr.) Benth in the reproductive performance of Rattus novergicus (Berkenhout, B., T. D. D., et al., Biotemas, 2007. 20(2): p. 49-58.
35.    Abitane diterpenoids isolation from Plectranthus barbatus Albuquerque, R.L.d., et al., Quimica Nova, 2007. 30(8): p. 1882-1886.
36.    Popular use and pharmacological actions of Plectranthus barbatus Andr. (Lamiaceae): revision of the works published from 1970 to 2003 Costa, M.C.C.D., Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais, 2006. 8(2): p. 81-88.
37.    Cytotoxic activity of Plectranthus barbatus Andr. (Lamiaceae) Costa, M.d.C.C.D. and S.C. Nascimento, Acta Farmaceutica Bonaerense, 2003. 22(2): p. 155-158.
38.    Antispasmodic effect of the essential oil of Plectranthus barbatus and some major constituents on the guinea-pig ileum Camara, C.C., et al., Planta Medica, 2003. 69(12): p. 1080-1085.
39.    Essential oils from leaves, s.a.r.o.P.b.A.L.g.i.B.K., M. R., et al., Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2002. 14(2): p. 101-102.
40.    NOVEL DITERPENOIDS FROM LEAF GLANDS OF PLECTRANTHUS-BARBATUS (LABIATAE) - THE ABSOLUTE-CONFIGURATION OF THE 2-HYDROXYPROPYL GROUP IN COLEON-E Ruedi, P., Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1986. 69(5): p. 972-984.
41.    STRUCTURE OF PLECTRIN, A.A.A.D.F.P.-B.K., I., et al., Chemistry Letters, 1984(9): p. 1513-1516.
42.    PERIANAL DERMATITIS IN KENYA DUE TO PLECTRANTHUS-BARBATUS LEAVES (MAIGOYA LEAVES) Owili, D.M., East African Medical Journal, 1977. 54(10): p. 571-573.