Monday, June 19, 2017

Willow-leaved Justicia, Justicia gendarussa, Nili Nirgundi, Karu nochchi, Yapana marron, Jagatmadan


Justicia gendarussa Burm.f.
Family: Acanthaceae

Synonyms: Dianthera subserrata Blanco, Dicliptera rheedei Kostel., Ecbolium gendarussa (Burm.f.) Kuntze, Ecbolium subserratum Kuntze, Gendarussa vulgaris Nees, Justicia dahona Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
  • English: willow-leaved justicia
  • Assamese: tita-bahak, Bishalya Karani
  • Asturian: Xusticia gendarussa
  • Bengali: বাকস bakas, বাসা basa, Jagatmadan
  • Chinese: 尖尾风
  • French: Yapana marron
  • Hindi: अडूसा adusa, बाकस bakas, बासा basa, नीली निर्गुण्ठी nili nirgunthi, वाशा vasha, Kala Bashimb
  • Kannada: ಕರಿ ಲಕ್ಕಿ kari lakki, Karinekki, Karalakkigidde
  • Malayalam: കറു നൊച്ചി karu nochchi, Vathamkolli
  • Marathi: बाकस bakas, काळा अडुळसा kala adulasa
  • Oriya: nila nirgundi
  • Sanskrit: कसनः kasanah, वैध्यसिंहा vaidyasinha
  • Sudanese: Handarusa
  • Tamil: சேபாலிகை cepalikai, கருநொச்சி karu-nocci, காவி kavi, கோபி kopi, வாடாக்கொடி vata-k-koti, வாடைக்குற்றி vataikkurri
  • Telugu: గంధరసము gandharasamu, నల్లవావిలి nallavaavili, నీలనిర్గుండి niilanirgundi
  • Urdu: اڙوسا adusa, باکس bakas, باسا basa
  • Vietnamese: Thanh táo

Description: Shrubs, branches dark purple, terete, smooth. Leaves 7-10 x 2 cm, linear or oblong-lanceolate, apex acute or obtuse, base acute, chartaceous, glabrous, lateral nerves 5-7 pairs, bluish; petiole 2-3 mm long. Spikes terminal, to 8 cm long, narrow; bracts linear, 4 mm long. Flowers white; calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, 5 mm long; corolla white with purple streaks, 1.5 cm long; ovary and style puberulus. Capsule 12 mm long, glabrous.

A potent anti-HIV compound more powerful than the drug AZT according to Journal of Natural Product article.

Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Whole plant hypotensive, emetic, febrifuge; plant paste in coconut oil applied against rheumatic pain. Dried seed powder mixed with fruit decoction and used as insect repellent. Roots used for diuresis, diarrhea and as antidote; bark antipyretic, emetic, anti-cough, diuretic and anti-amebic, in the treatment of wounds and allergy; root extract mixed with water and taken as antidote, anti-venom. Leaves taken internally against cough, body pain, fever and as a cardio tonic, and used externally to treat inflammation, wounds and allergy; a poultice of leaves applied on inflammation; leaves infusion given in headache, hemiplegia and facial paralysis; leaf juice applied to check bleeding, also poured into ears for earache; leaves decoction a remedy for bloody diarrhea and fevers; leaves used in preparations to treat gonorrhea, amenorrhea and malaria, headache, rheumatism and pain; leaves and shoots diaphoretic, a decoction given in chronic rheumatism. Veterinary medicine, pounded leaves applied on bone fracture. Ritual, ceremonial, whole plant, with Ocimum sp. and Euphorbia neriifolia L., used for worship; leafy twigs used in the worship; leaves of Justicia gendarussa soaked with water and leaves of Dendrocnide stimulans, the water used in a ceremony for good hunting and harvest. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]

Febrifuge, diaphoretic, emetic, emmenagogue. Infusion of leaves—given internally in cephalalgia, hemiplegia and facial paralysis. Fresh leaves—used topically in oedema and rheumatism. Bark—
emetic. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]

In Indonesia, Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. is used to induce vomiting. In Malaysia, a decoction of 50 g of roots is used to treat rheumatic arthritis; boiled with ginger rhizome and lime, it is used to alleviate bleeding cough. A decoction of the leaves is used to combat fever, promote menses, assuage stomach discomfort, check haemoptysis, alleviate cough, treat asthma, and to relieve the bowels of costiveness. The fresh leaves are pounded and used externally to treat pyoderma, lumbago and rheumatism. A paste of leaves mixed with vinegar is used to assuage toothache. Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. is also used during the hot stages of malaria to combat fever and to treat leucorrhea. InVietnam, the plant is used to resolve tumors, promote appetite, and to invigorate health. In India, the plant is used to treat bronchitis, soothe inflammation, and to promote digestion. [Medicinal Plants: Drugs For The Future? ]

Treats rheumatism and fever, antipyretic, effects on nitric oxide and tumor necrosis, antiinflammatory, antihypersensitivity, and antihistaminic effects. [Taiwanese Native Medicinal Plants: Phytopharmacology and Therapeutic Values]

97 published articles of  Justicia gendarussa
1.    Anti-HIV diphyllin glycosides from Justicia gendarussa Zhang, H.-J., et al., Phytochemistry, 2017. 136: p. 94-100.
2.    Detection of Naringenin and Kaempferol in Justicia gendarussa Leaf Extracts by GC-FID Ayob, Z., et al., Sains Malaysiana, 2017. 46(3): p. 457-461.
3.    ASSOCIATION OF BERMUDA WHITE LEAF PHYTOPLASMA WITH JUSTICIA GENDARUSSA WITH WITCHES' BROOM SYMPTOMS IN INDIA Tiwari, A.K., et al., Journal of Plant Pathology, 2016. 98(1): p. 183-183.
4.    Collagenase inhibitory activity and phytochemical profile of leaf of Justicia gendarussa Patel, S.S. and M.N. Zaveri, World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2016. 5(1): p. 1382-1389.
5.    Chemical profile of Justicia gendarussa a medicinal plant used for male contraception Mnatsakanyan, M.M., et al., Planta medica, 2016. 81(S 01): p. S1-S381.
6.    Evaluation of Justicia Gendarussa leaves extract for anti-inflamatory and analgesic activity Jayshree, R.A. and C. Tenpe, World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2016. 5(1): p. 894-926.
7.    Metabolite Profiles in Various Plant Organs of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. and Its in Vitro Cultures Indrayoni, P., et al., Scientia Pharmaceutica, 2016. 84(3): p. 555-566.
8.    In vitro evaluation of anti-oxidant activity of different extracts of Justicia gendarussa leaf Reddy, Y.S., et al., Der Pharma Chemica, 2015. 7(8): p. 21-24.
9.    Metabolite Profiling of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. Leaves Using UPLC-UHR-QTOF-MS Ningsih, I.Y., et al., Scientia Pharmaceutica, 2015. 83(3): p. 489-500.
10.    Phytochemical and antioxidant studies of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. an ethnomedicinal plant Kumaresh, P. and C.H. Rahaman, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (IJPSR), 2015. 6(8): p. 3454-3462.
11.    Effects of methanolic leaf extract of Justicia gendarussa on alloxan induced diabetic mice and brine shrimp nauplii Islam, M.R., et al., World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015. 4(6): p. 1981-1990.
12.    Cytotoxic activities against breast cancer cells of local Justicia gendarussa crude extracts Zahidah, A., et al., Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014. 2014: p. 732980-Article ID 732980.
13.    Antibacterial potential of ethylacetate extract from the leaves of Elephantopus scaber Linn Sivasakthi, A. and M. Vijayalakshmi, International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2014. 5(3): p. B-607-B-611.
14.    Trypsin and protein denaturation inhibitory activity of different fractionation and isolated compound of leaf and root of Justicia gendarussa Patel, S. and M.N. Zaveri, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (IJPSR), 2014. 5(12): p. 5564-5571.
15.    Justidrusamides A-D, n.-a.a.d.f.J.g.K., Yuko, et al., Journal of Natural Medicines, 2014. 68(4): p. 754-758.
16.    Phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Justicia gendarussa Burm f. - review Kavitha, K., et al., Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2014. 8(7): p. 990-997.
17.    Cytotoxic Activities against Breast Cancer Cells of Local Justicia gendarussa Crude Extracts Ayob, Z., et al., Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2014. 2014: p. 732980-732980.
18.    Cytotoxic Activities against Breast Cancer Cells of Local Justicia gendarussa Crude Extracts Ayob, Z., et al., Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014.
19.    Biomass production and antibacterial activity of Justicia gendarussa: a valuable medicinal plant Sugumaran, P., et al., Journal of Tropical Life Science, 2013. 3(1): p. 8-13.
20.    Evaluation of anti-anxiety activity of Justicia gendarussa Burm Subramanian, N., et al., Pharmacologia, 2013. 4(5): p. 404-407.
21.    In vitro antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Justicia gendarussa wild Reddy, Y.S., et al., Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2013. 5(5): p. 101-103.
22.    Plantlet regeneration through indirect shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in Justicia gendarussa Burm. f., a.m.p.B., N., et al., Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2013. 22(4): p. 474-482.
23.    Identification of a Rare Phytosteroid from Justicia gendarussa Bhagya, N., K.R. Chandrashekar, and B. Kalluraya, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2013. 49(5): p. 972-973.
24.    Effect of auxins with cytokinins on stem and leaf explants of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f Bhagya, N. and K.R. Chandrashekar, International Journal of Life Sciences and Technology (IJLST), 2013. 6(1): p. 1-8.
25.    Evaluation of in vitro anthelmintic activities of leaf and stem extracts of Justicia gendarussa Saha, M.R., et al., Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, 2012. 7(1): p. 50-53.
26.    Heavy metal uptake and translocation by Justicia gendarussa Burm F. from textile sludge contaminated soil Nik Muhamad, M., et al., Acta Agricultura Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Science, 2012. 62(2): p. 101-108.
27.    Heavy metal uptake and translocation by Justicia gendarussa Burm F. from textile sludge contaminated soil Majid, N.M., et al., Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Soil and Plant Science, 2012. 62(2): p. 101-108.
28.    Anti-inflammatory potential of an ethyl acetate fraction isolated from Justicia gendarussa roots through inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression via NF-kappa B pathway Kumar, K.S., et al., Cellular Immunology, 2012. 272(2): p. 283-289.
29.    Synthesis and characterizations of gold nanoparticles by Justicia gendarussa Burm f leaf extract Fazaludeen, M.F., et al., Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research, 2012. 2(1): p. 23-34.
30.    Growth regulators on in vitro regeneration and the effects ion source in chlorophyll content of Justicia gendarussa Elaiyaraja, T., Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2012. 5(6): p. 3018-3019.
31.    Ethanol extract of Justicia gendarussa inhibits lipopolysaccharide stimulated nitric oxide and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in murine macrophage Varma, R.S., et al., Pharmaceutical Biology, 2011. 49(6): p. 648-652.
32.    Antifungal activity of Solanum melongena L, L.i.L.a.J.g.B.a.d.S., K. K., et al., International Journal of PharmTech Research, 2011. 3(3): p. 1635-1640.
33.    Protective effect of Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. on carrageenan-induced inflammation Kavitha, S.K., et al., Journal of Natural Medicines, 2011. 65(3-4): p. 471-479.
34.    A rapid, h.f.r.o.J.g.B.f.J., B., B. Gayathri, and E. Sumath, Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2011. 46(2): p. 201-204.
35.    Chemical analysis of aerial parts of Justicia gendarussa Bachheti, R.K., et al., International Journal of ChemTech Research, 2011. 3(1): p. 244-247.
36.    In vitro propagation for the conservation of a rare medicinal plant Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. by nodal explants and shoot regeneration from callus Thomas, T.D. and H. Yoichiro, Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2010. 32(5): p. 943-950.
37.    Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. leaves Shikha, P., et al., Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 2010. 1(4): p. 456-461.
38.    Antisickling activity of three species of Justicia from Kisangani (D.R. Congo): J. tenella, i., J. gendarussa and J. insularis Mpiana, P. T., International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2010. 4(6): p. unpaginated-unpaginated.
39.    Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Stem Methanolic Extract of Justicia gendarussa Burm Krishna, K.L., K. Mruthunjaya, and J.A. Patel, International Journal of Pharmacology, 2010. 6(2): p. 72-80.
40.    Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Ethanol Extract of Aerial Parts of Justicia gendarussa Burm Jothimanivannan, C., R.S. Kumar, and N. Subramanian, International Journal of Pharmacology, 2010. 6(3): p. 278-283.
41.    Corrosion inhibition by Justicia gendarussa plant extract in hydrochloric acid solution Satapathy, A.K., et al., Corrosion Science, 2009. 51(12): p. 2848-2856.
42.    ANTI-ARTHRITIC POTENTIAL OF THE PLANT JUSTICIA GENDARUSSA BURM F Paval, J., et al., Clinics, 2009. 64(4): p. 357-362.
43.    Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of leaf extract of Justicia gendarussa Burm Krishna, K.L., K. Mruthunjaya, and J.A. Patel, International Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2009. 3(3): p. 99-110.
44.    Comparing the anti-arthritic activities of the plants Justicia gendarussa Burm F. and Withania somnifera Linn Jaijesh, P., et al., International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2009. 3(4): p. 281-284.
45.    (ID 2455) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 European Food Safety, Authority, S.o.o.t.s.o.h.c.r.t.J.g.L.a.i.o.d.f.I.a.r.o.i.o.t.l.u.t., EFSA Journal, 2009. 7(10): p. 1295-Article 1295.
46.    Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of Justicia gendarussa burm Krishna, K.L. and P.A. Jagruti, Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2008. 40: p. 69-69.
47.    In vitro plant development of Justicia gendarussa Bushrabi, N.K., et al., Journal of Tropical Medicinal Plants, 2008. 9(1): p. 59-63.
48.    Influence of day hours, t.a.r.h.o.b.-v.i.c., Calendula officinalis L. and justicia, Justicia gendarussa L Thakur, S. S., K. Sudha, and D.C. Karnatak, Pantnagar Journal of Research, 2007. 5(1): p. 30-32.
49.    Antinociceptive activity and toxicological study of aqueous leaf extract of Justicia gendarussa Burm. F. in rats Ratnasooriya, W.D., S.A. Deraniyagala, and D.C. Dehigaspitiya, Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2007. 3(11): p. 145-155.
50.    Antioxidant and free radical scavenging potential of Justicia gendarussa Burm. leaves in vitro Mruthunjaya, K. and V.I. Hukkeri, Natural Product Sciences, 2007. 13(3): p. 199-206.
51.    Rust of Justicia gendarussa: a new record from Central India Yadav, V.K. and N.D. Sharma, Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 2006. 36(1): p. 40-41.
52.    Influence of day hours, t.a.r.h.o.b.v.i.C., Calendula officinalis L. and Justicia, Justicia gendarussa L Thakur, Seema Singh and S. Kanaujia, Indian Journal of Entomology, 2006. 68(2): p. 158-161.
53.    In vitro propagation of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. - A medicinal plant Agastian, P., L. Williams, and S. Ignacimuthu, Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 2006. 5(2): p. 246-248.
54.    Ecotonic effects of insects with special effort to honey bees foraging inflorescence of Justicia gendarussa L.f. - (Acanthaceae) at Kalgachia Sheikh, M.S., Insect Environment, 2005. 11(2): p. 66-68.
55.    Enhanced somatic embryogenesis under salt stress condition in Justicea gendarussa Srivastava, A. and A. Khare, Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004. 9(4): p. 388-394.
56.    In vitro multiplication of two economically important and endangered medicinal plants - Justicia gendarussa Brum and Adenia hondala (Gaertn) de Wilde Johnson, M., et al., Malaysian Journal of Science, 2004. 23(2): p. 49-53.
57.    Chromatographic screening of medicinal Acanthaceae: Justicia pectoralis Jacq. and J. gendarussa Burm Oliveira, A.F.M., et al., Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais, 2000. 3(1): p. 37-41.
58.    Morphological characterization of Justicia pectoralis Jacq. and J. gendarussa Burm. F. (Acanthaceae) Oliveira, A.F.M. and L.d.H.C. Andrade, Acta Amazonica, 2000. 30(4): p. 569-578.
59.    Certain physiological and biochemical changes in the intact leaves of Justicia gendarussa at different stages of growth Kumar, P. and D. Banerjee, New Botanist, 1999. 26(1/4): p. 41-46.
60.    Phenology and growth of medicinal Acanthaceae: Justicia pectoralis Jacq. and Justicia gendarussa Burm Oliveira, A.F.M., et al., Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana, 1998. 69: p. 115-125.
61.    FACILE 2-STEP SYNTHESIS OF 2-(2'-AMINOBENZYLAMINO)BENZYL ALCOHOL, A.N.-O.A.F.J.-G.B., S., Synthetic Communications, 1995. 25(22): p. 3597-3601.
62.    ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF JUSTICIA-GENDARUSSA Ramaswamy, V., et al., Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985. 47(2): p. 68-68.
63.    STUDIES ON INDIAN MEDICINAL-PLANTS .68. SIMPLE AROMATIC-AMINES FROM JUSTICIA-GENDARUSSA - C-13 NMR-SPECTRA OF THE BASES AND THEIR ANALOGS Chakravarty, A.K., P.P.G. Dastidar, and S.C. Pakrashi, Tetrahedron, 1982. 38(12): p. 1797-1802.
64.    JUSTICIA PHYLLODY CONNECTED WITH MYCOPLASMALIKE AGENT Phatak, H.C., et al., Phytopathologische Zeitschrift-Journal of Phytopathology, 1976. 85(2): p. 179-182.
65.    Studies on a graft-transmissible disease of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f Verma, V.S. and S. Singh, Gartenbauwissenschaft, 1975. 40(5): p. 240-240.
66.    FLORAL DEVELOPMENT OF JUSTICIA-GENDARUSSA (ACANTHACEAE) Singh, V. and D.K. Jain, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1975. 70(3): p. 243-&.
67.    EFFECT OF NITROGEN NUTRITION OF STOCK PLANTS OF JUSTICIA-GENDARUSSA-L ON ROOTING OF CUTTINGS Basu, R.N. and S.K. Ghosh, Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 1974. 49(3): p. 245-252.
68.    INTERACTION OF NUTRITIONAL AND HORMONAL FACTORS IN ROOTING OF JUSTICIA-D JUSTICIA-GENDARUSSA-D STEM CUTTINGS Ghosh, S.K. and R.N. Basu, Indian Science Congress Association Proceedings, 1970. 57(4): p. 532-532.
69.    Chemical examination of Justicia gendarussa Burm Sharma, N.K. and V.N. Sharma. Technical Communications. Nat. Bot. 1968. 129-30.
70.    RATE OF TRANSPIRATION OF DISEASED LEAVES OF JUSTICIA-GENDARUSSA-D INFECTED BY PUCCININIA-THWAITESII IN COMPARISON WITH HEALTHY LEAVES ABSTRACT Padhi, B. and A. Misra, Indian Science Congress Association Proceedings, 1967. 54(3): p. 287-287.
71.    OSMOTIC BEHAVIOR OF THE DISEASED LEAF TISSUE OF JUSTICIA-GENDARUSSA-D INFECTED BY PUCCINIA-THWAITESII IN COMPARISON WITH THAT OF THE HEALTHY LEAF TISSUES ABSTRACT Padhi, B. and A. Misra, Indian Science Congress Association Proceedings, 1967. 54(3): p. 286-286.
72.    METABOLIC CHANGES IN JUSTICIA-GENDARUSSA-D DUE TO ATTACK OF PUCCINIA-THWAITESII ABSTRACT Padhi, B. and A. Misra, Indian Science Congress Association Proceedings, 1966. 53(3): p. 228-229.
73.    Studies on rooting of cuttings. V. Effects of auxins and organic nutrients on rooting of cuttings of Justicia gendarussa, L.t.f.s.p.g.u.v.l.o.n., S. Sen, and R.N. Basu, Indian J Plant Physiol, 1965. 8((1)): p. 36-49.
74.    Leaf spot of Justicia gendarussa L. caused by Corynespora cassicola (Berk. and Curt.) Wei Shome, S.K. and N. Mukherjee, Sci Cult, 1964. 30((12)): p. 602-603.
75.    PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDY OF LEAF AND TENDER SHOOT OF JUSTICIA GENDARUSSA BURM F Mehrotra, B.N., Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, 1962. C 21(2): p. 55-&.
76.    Effect of growth substances on root formation in cuttings of Justicia gendarussa L. as in luenced by varying levels of nitrogen nutrition of stock plants Sen, P.K. and R.N. Basu, Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 1960. 3(1): p. 72-83.
77.    Effect of growth substances on root formation in cuttings of Justicia gendarussa L. as influenced by varying levels of nitrogen nutrition of stock plants Sen, P.K. and R.N. Basu, Indian Jour Plant Physiol, 1960. 3((1)): p. 72-83.
78.    Traditional Chinese medicine wine used for e.g. treating traumatic injury includes Justicia gendarussa, G., pseudoginseng, pawpaw, draconis sanguis, divaricate saposhnikovia root, radix angelicae sinensis, pepper, and fevervine Ye, X. Ye X.
79.    Traumatic bone-joining powder particle used e.g. for promoting blood circulation includes Justicia ventricosa, s.t., Justicia gendarussa, Penthorum chinense, Symphytum, Toricellia, zhu ru, sapanwood skin, Verbena and Acanthopanax Wei, Z. Wei Z.
80.    Traditional Chinese medicine preparation useful for caring rib fracture, c.J.g., green bamboo, Marsdenia longipes, Artocarpus, trumpet creeper, Potentilla freyniana, Morinda officinalis and Euphorbia helioscopia Sun, F. Sun F.
81.    A note on the rooting of stem cuttings of Justicia gendarussa Linn Singh, J.S. In Annual Number 1960. National Academy of Sciences, India. Allahabad 2. 1961. p. 77.
82.    Medicated wine useful for e.g. treating traumatic bone injury, i.p.u.e.g.r.t.s., Croton crassifolius, Chinese teasel root, Angelica dahurica, Toricellia angulata, herba lycopi, Justicia gendarussa and Eleocharis Ran, Z. Ran Z.
83.    Medicated wine useful for e.g. treating fracture, c.J.v., Justicia gendarussa, Sambucus chinensis, Clinacanthus nutans, hematoxylon seed, Codonopsis convolvulacea, Chinese prickly ash, Ardisia hanceana and mint Qi, Y. Qi Y.
84.    Pharmaceutical preparation used as anti HIV agent, c.e.e.o.l.o.J.g., Burm.f containing flavonoid compounds as main content of gendarussin A Nasronudin,, P. Widiyanti, and E.W.B. Prajogo. Univ Airlangga Lppm.
85.    Capsule used for treating gout and rheumatoid arthritis, c.b.b., pseudo-ginseng, mint, Polygonum cuspidatum, Rhodiola rosea, Achyranthes bidentata radix, Justicia gendarussa, Artemisia annua, Angelica, and wolfberry Luo, Y. Luo Y.
86.    Method for breeding Justicia gendarussa, i.s.J.g.a., inoculating sterilized anthers into culture medium to induce tissues, and differentiating callus tissues followed by hardening and transplanting Liu, D. and C. Yang. Nanjing Didao Agric Sci & Technology Co.
87.    Catgut suture useful for exhibiting hemostatic property, c.c.l., gallic acid, and traditional Chinese medicinal extract containing pseudoginseng, Bletilla striata, honeysuckle, coral grass, and Justicia gendarussa Liu, C., et al. Liu C.
88.    Medicine used for treating traumatic damage, i.p.b.s.w.s., Justicia gendarussa, Oxalis root, pseudoginseng, pepper, ginger root, Calophyllum membranaceum and zhuyejiao root in wine Lin, R. Lin R.
89.    Medicine composition useful for treating pulmonary heart disease, c., cough, asthma, and eliminating phlegm comprises e.g. Dendrobium, hens egg, Justicia gendarussa and Haematoxylum campechianum Li, T. Li T.
90.    External use oil used for treating prosopalgia, c.J.g., Polygonum vine, herba siegesbeckiae, holly, Orchis, Notopterygium root, Equisetum hyemale, olive oil and emu oil Li, B. Li B.
91.    Plaster used for treating ischialgia comprises notopterygium root, E.h., radix averrhoae carambolae, Aspidistra elatior, Justicia gendarussa, rattan wood, pubescent holly, snake oil, chitosan and Vaseline Li, B. Li B.
92.    Traditional Chinese medicine used e.g. for treating acute thrombophlebitis includes Barleria lupulina, L.c.v., Justicia gendarussa grass, Boehmeria cylindrica vine, Campylotropis macrocarpa and Uncaria macrophylla Li, A. and L. Yang. Yang L.
93.    Ointment used for relieving pain, i.c.t., nux vomica, rhizoma ligustici wallichii, Philippine flemingia root, Paris polyphylla, Alangium root bark, Dysosma versipellis, Murraya, Justicia gendarussa, and Festuca arundinacea Hu, B. and P. Lu. Shanghai Pudong Gaoxing Biotechnology In.
94.    Lotion, e.g.u.f.r.p., and promoting wound healing, comprises pseudoginseng powder, Justicia gendarussa, licorice, musk, Asarum, folium artemisiae argyi, borneol, and water Guo, Z. Guo Z.
95.    Traditional Chinese medicine formulation, e.g.f.b.k., removing blood stasis, and relieving pain, comprises Justicia gendarussa, fried small yellow rice, Brassica, and dragon's bone Fang, K. and X. Fang. Fang K; Fang X.
96.    Traditional Chinese medicine useful for e.g. treating high blood pressure, p.u.e.g.C.l.-j.t., Anemone hupehensis, Prunella, Ilex hainanensis, fructus podophylli, Justicia gendarussa and parasitic loranthus Fan, M. Fan M.
97.    Topical traditional Chinese medicine, u.f.t.p., comprises sargentg loryvine, Sambucus root, Justicia gendarussa, bone skin, onion seed, Homalomena rhizome, Radix Arnebiae seu Lithospermi, cockscomb, and chrysoidine Fan, H. Fan H.
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Abelmoschus esculentus Abelmoschus ficulneus Abies pindrow Abies spectabilis Abies webbiana Abroma augusta Abrus precatorius Abutilon hirtum Abutilon indicum Acacia catechu Acacia farnesiana Acacia horrida Acacia nilotica Acalypha wilkesiana Acer acuminatum Acer cappadocicum Achillea millefolium Achyranthes aspera Acmella oleracea Aconitum heterophyllum Adhatoda vasica Aegle marmelos Aerva javanica Aeschynomene americana Aesculus indica Ageratum conyzoides Alangium salviifolium Albizia saman Alcea rosea Aleurites moluccana Aleurites triloba Allium cepa Alocasia fornicata Alocasia indica Alocasia macrorrhizos Aloe vera Alpinia calcarata Alpinia galanga Alpinia officinarum Alstonia scholaris Alternative and Complementary Medicine Journals Amaranthus caudatus Amaranthus graecizans Amaranthus viridis Ammannia baccifera Ammi majus Amomum subulatum Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Anacyclus pyrethrum Anagallis arvensis Andrographis echioides Andrographis ovata Andrographis paniculata Anemone coronaria Anemone rivularis Anemone tetrasepala Annona muricata Anthocephalus cadamba Anthurium andraeanum Apium leptophyllum Apluda mutica Arabidopsis thaliana Arachis hypogaea Argemone mexicana Arisaema tortuosum Aristolochia littoralis Artabotrys hexapetalus Artemisia japonica Artemisia nilagirica Artocarpus heterophyllus Arundinella setosa Arundo donax Aspidopterys wallichii Aster albescens Astragalus leucocephalus Asystasia gangetica Avena sativa Averrhoa carambola Azadirachta indica Bacopa monnieri Bambusa Bambos Bambusa multiplex Bambusa vulgaris Barleria cristata Barleria prionitis Basilicum polystachyon Bauhinia purpurea Bauhinia racemosa Bauhinia scandens Bauhinia vahlii Bauhinia variegata Benincasa hispida Bidens pilosa Biophytum sensitivum Bixa orellana Blepharis integrifolia Blepharis maderaspatensis Blumea lacera Boerhavia diffusa Bombax ceiba Borassus flabellifer Boswellia ovalifoliolata Boswellia serrata Brassica rapa Buchnera hispida Butea monosperma Caesalpinia bonduc Caesalpinia pulcherrima Cajanus cajan Cajanus scarabaeoides Caladium bicolor Caleana major Calendula officinalis Calophyllum brasiliense Calophyllum inophyllum Calotropis gigantea Calotropis procera Camellia sinensis Campanula latifolia Cananga odorata Canscora diffusa Capparis sepiaria Capparis zeylanica Capsella bursa-pastoris Cardamine hirsuta Cardiocrinum giganteum Cardiospermum halicacabum Carduus edelbergii Carrichtera annua Carthamus oxyacantha Carthamus tinctorius Carum carvi Cassia angustifolia Cassia auriculata Cassia fistula Cassia occidentalis Catesbaea spinosa Catharanthus roseus Cayratia trifolia Cedrela toona Ceiba insignis Ceiba pentandra Celastrus paniculatus Celosia argentea Centaurium erythraea Centella asiatica Cestrum diurnum Chaerophyllum reflexum Chamaesyce hypericifolia Chenopodium album Chenopodium ambrosioides Chenopodium murale Chrozophora rottleri Cicer arietinum Cichorium glandulosum Cichorium pumilum Cinnamomum camphora Cinnamomum tamala Cinnamomum verum Circaea alpina Cissampelos pareira Cissus quadrangularis Citrullus lanatus Cleistanthus patulus Clematis gouriana Clematis montana Cleome gynandra Clerodendrum chinense Clerodendrum indicum Clerodendrum infortunatum Clerodendrum laevifolium Clerodendrum philippinum Clerodendrum phlomidis Clerodendrum serratum Clerodendrum splendens Clerodendrum wallichii Coccinia grandis Cocculus hirsutus Cocculus laurifolius Cochlospermum religiosum Coix lacryma-jobi Colebrookea oppositifolia Coleus aromaticus Colocasia esculenta Combretum indicum Commelina benghalensis Commelina maculata Commelina paludosa Commiphora caudata Commiphora mukul Commiphora wightii Conocarpus lancifolius Consolida ajacis Convolvulus pluricaulis Cordyline fruticosa Corydalis cornuta Cosmos sulphureus Costus speciosus Cotinus coggygria Couroupita guianensis Crinum asiaticum Crocus sativus Crossandra infundibuliformis Crotalaria alata Crotalaria pallida Crotalaria prostrata Croton klotzschianus Croton scabiosus Croton tiglium Cryptolepis buchananii Cryptolepis dubia Cryptostegia grandiflora Cucumis sativus Cuminum cyminum Cupressus torulosa Curculigo orchioides Curcuma amada Curcuma longa Cuscuta reflexa Cyananthus lobatus Cyanthillium cinereum Cycas revoluta Cyclanthera pedata Cymbopogon nardus Cynodon dactylon Cyperus laevigatus Cyperus malaccensis Cyperus rotundus Dactyloctenium aegyptium Dactylorhiza hatagirea Dalbergia latifolia Datisca cannabina Datura metel Datura stramonium Daucus carota Delphinium ajacis Delphinium denudatum Delphinium elatum Dendrobium densiflorum Dendrobium ovatum Derris scandens Derris trifoliata Desmodium concinnum Desmodium gangeticum Desmodium heterocarpon Desmodium multiflorum Desmodium triflorum Dichrocephala integrifolia Dicliptera paniculata Didymocarpus pedicellatus Dillenia indica Dimorphocalyx glabellus Dimorphoteca ecklonis Dioscorea alata Dioscorea pentaphylla Dioscorea polygonoides Diospyros kaki Diospyros malabarica Dipteracanthus patulus Dipteracanthus prostratus Dolichandrone spathacea Dolichos biflorus Dregea volubilis Drimia indica Drosera peltata Duranta erecta Dysoxylum binectariferum Dysoxylum gotadhora Dysphania ambrosioides Echinocereus pentalophus Echinops niveus Echium plantagineum Edgeworthia gardneri Eichhornia crassipes Elaeagnus umbellata Elaeocarpus ganitrus Elephantopus scaber Eleutheranthera ruderalis Elsholtzia fruticosa Elytraria acaulis Embelia ribes Emblica officinalis Enterolobium cyclocarpum Ephedra foliata Ephedra gerardiana Epipactis helleborine Eranthemum pulchellum Eryngium foetidum Erysimum hieraciifolium Erythrina suberosa Erythrina variegata Euonymus echinatus Euonymus japonicus Eupatorium capillifolium Eupatorium perfoliatum Euphorbia antiquorum Euphorbia cornigera Euphorbia cotinifolia Euphorbia granulata Euphorbia heterophylla Euphorbia hirta Euphorbia hypericifolia Euphorbia milii Euphorbia nivulia Euphorbia peplus Euphorbia tirucalli Fagonia cretica Fagopyrum acutatum Ferula foetida Ficus elastica Ficus religiosa Filicium decipiens Filipendula vestita Flacourtia indica Flemingia procumbens Flemingia semialata Foeniculum vulgare Free Access Journal Fumaria indica Fumaria parviflora Furcraea foetida Galega officinalis General Gentiana kurroo Geranium lucidum Geranium nepalense Geranium pratense Geranium wallichianum Ghee Globba schomburgkii Glochidion hohenackeri Gloriosa superba Glycyrrhiza glabra Gmelina arborea Gomphrena globosa Gomphrena serrata Goodyera repens Grewia asiatica Grewia optiva Grewia serrulata Grewia tenax Gymnema sylvestre Habenaria edgeworthii Habenaria plantaginea Handroanthus impetiginosus Hedychium spicatum Helianthus annuus Helicteres isora Helinus lanceolatus Heliotropium indicum Hemidesmus indicus Hemigraphis alternata Hemigraphis colorata Hemigraphis hirta Heracleum sphondylium Herpetospermum pedunculosum Hibiscus cannabinus Hibiscus esculentus Hibiscus hirtus Hibiscus lobatus Hibiscus radiatus Hibiscus vitifolius Hippophae rhamnoides Holarrhena antidysenterica Holarrhena pubescens Holoptelea integrifolia Hosta plantaginea Hoya carnosa Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Hydrolea zeylanica Hygrophila auriculata Hygrophila polysperma Hygrophila schulli Hylocereus undatus Hymenocallis speciosa Hymenodictyon orixense Hyoscyamus niger Hypericum dyeri Hypericum elodeoides Hypericum oblongifolium Hyptis suaveolens Ilex dipyrena Impatiens balsamina Impatiens bracteata Impatiens racemosa Indigofera aspalathoides Indigofera astragalina Indigofera glabra Ipomoea alba Ipomoea aquatica Ipomoea marginata Isodon rugosus Ixeris polycephala Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacquemontia pentantha Jasminum auriculatum Jasminum multiflorum Jatropha curcas Jatropha gossypifolia Juncus thomsonii Justicia adhatoda Justicia brandegeeana Justicia carnea Justicia gendarussa Justicia pubigera Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Kallstroemia pubescens Koelreuteria elegans Koelreuteria paniculata Koenigia delicatula Kopsia fruticosa Kydia calycina Kyllinga brevifolia Lablab purpureus Lactuca dissecta Lantana camara Lathyrus sativus Leea aequata Lens culinaris Leonotis nepetifolia Leonurus cardiaca Lepidium sativum Lepisanthes rubiginosa Leucas aspera Leucas nutans Leucostemma latifolium Leycesteria formosa Ligularia amplexicaulis Ligularia fischeri Lilium polyphyllum Linum usitatissimum Liparis nervosa Liquidambar formosana Litsea monopetala Lupinus angustifolius Lycium ferocissimum Macaranga peltata Maesa argentea Magnolia champaca Mahonia napaulensis Malachra Capitata Mallotus nudiflorus Mallotus philippinensis Malva sylvestris Malvastrum coromandelianum Marchantia polymorpha Martynia annua Medicago lupulina Medicinal Plants of India Melilotus indicus Melochia corchorifolia Memecylon edule Memecylon umbellatum Mercurialis annua Meriandra strobilifera Merremia cissoides Mesua ferrea Micrococca mercuriali Micromeria biflora Mikania micrantha Millettia pinnata Mimosa polyancistra Mimosa pudica Mitragyna parvifolia Modiola caroliniana Momordica charantia Momordica cochinchinensis Morinda citrifolia Morinda pubescens Moringa oleifera Mucuna pruriens Muehlenbeckia platyclada Muehlenbeckia platyclados Muntingia calabura Murdannia nudiflora Murraya koenigii Muscari neglectum Myriactis nepalensis Myristica fragrans Myrtus communis Naravelia zeylanica Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys jatamansi Naringi crenulata Nasturtium officinale Nelumbo nucifera Neolamarckia cadamba Nepeta laevigata Nerium indicum Nerium oleander Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Nicotiana rustica Nicotiana tabacum Nigella sativa Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Nymphaea nouchali Nymphaea pubescens Nymphoides indica Ocimum basilicum Ocimum gratissimum Ocimum kilimandscharicum Ocimum sanctum Oldenlandia umbellata Ononis natrix Ononis repens Ononis spinosa Operculina turpethum Origanum majorana Oroxylum indicum Osteospermum ecklonis Others Oxyria digyna Pachygone ovata Pachyrhizus erosus Paederia foetida Pandanus tectorius Papaver somniferum Passiflora caerulea Passiflora vitifolia Pavetta indica Pentapetes phoenicea Pentas lanceolata Peperomia argyreia Peperomia heyneana Peperomia pellucida Peperomia sandersii Peperomia tetraphylla Perilla frutescens Persicaria amplexicaulis Persicaria barbata Persicaria capitata Persicaria glabra Persicaria nepalensis Phalaenopsis taenialis Phaulopsis dorsiflora Philodendron bipinnatifidum Phlomis bracteosa Phlomoides bracteosa Phyllanthus acidus Phyllanthus amarus Phyllanthus fraternus Phyllanthus lawii Phyllanthus rotundifolius Physalis grisea Physalis peruviana Picrorhiza kurroa Pilea microphylla Pimpinella anisum Piper betle Piper longum Piper nigrum Pisonia aculeata Pistia stratiotes Pisum sativum Plantago orbignyana Plantago ovata Platanthera edgeworthii Platostoma elongatum Plectranthus barbatus Plectranthus scutellarioides Plumbago auriculata Plumbago capensis Plumbago zeylanica Plumeria rubra Podranea ricasoliana Polemonium caeruleum Polygala crotalarioides Polygala persicariifolia Polygonatum cirrhifolium Polygonatum verticillatum Polygonum amplexicaule Polygonum barbatum Polygonum recumbens Pongamia pinnata Portulaca oleracea Portulaca umbraticola Portulacaria afra Potentilla fruticosa Potentilla supina Premna corymbosa Premna tomentosa Primula denticulata Primula floribunda Primula vulgaris Prunus Amygdalus Prunus dulcis Pseuderanthemum carruthersii Pseudobombax ellipticum Pseudocaryopteris foetida Psidium guajava Psidium guineense Pterocarpus santalinus Pterospermum acerifolium Pterospermum lanceifolium Pterygota alata Pulicaria dysenterica Punica granatum Putranjiva roxburghii Pyrostegia venusta Quisqualis indica Ranunculus arvensis Ranunculus laetus Ranunculus sceleratus Raphanus sativus Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia tetraphylla Reinwardtia indica Rhamphicarpa fistulosa Rhodiola trifida Rhodiola wallichiana Rhododendron arboreum Rhynchosia heynei Rhynchosia himalensis Rhynchosia viscosa Ricinus communis Rorippa indica Roscoea purpurea Rosmarinus officinalis Ruellia patula Ruellia prostrata Ruellia tuberosa Rumex dentatus Rumex hastatus Rungia pectinata Saccharum officinarum Saccharum spontaneum Salix denticulata Salix tetrasperma Salvadora persica Salvia involucrata Salvia miltiorrhiza Salvia nubicola Salvia splendens Sambucus canadensis Sambucus mexicana Sambucus nigra Santalum album Sapindus saponaria Saussurea auriculata Saussurea candicans Saussurea obvallata Scadoxus multiflorus Scutellaria baicalensis Scutellaria grossa Scutellaria repens Sedum oreades Semecarpus anacardium Senna auriculata Senna occidentalis Senna siamea Senna sophera Sesbania bispinosa Sesbania grandiflora Seseli diffusum Sesuvium portulacastrum Setaria verticillata Shorea robusta Sida cordata Sida cordifolia Sida retusa Sida spinosa Sideritis hirsuta Silybum marianum Smithia ciliata Solanum chrysotrichum Solanum erianthum Solanum jasminoides Solanum melongena Solanum nigrum Solanum sisymbriifolium Solanum surattense Solanum torvum Solanum tuberosum Solanum villosum Sonchus oleraceus Soymida febrifuga Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Sphenoclea zeylanica Spiranthes australis Spiranthes sinensis Spondias pinnata Stellaria media Stellera chamaejasme Stephania japonica Sterculia alata Sterculia foetida Sterculia villosa Stereospermum tetragonum Stevia rebaudiana Striga asiatica Strophanthus boivinii Strychnos minor Strychnos nux-vomica Strychnos potatorum Suaeda maritima Suregada multiflora Swertia angustifolia Swertia bimaculata Swertia cordata Swertia paniculata Swietenia macrophylla Swietenia mahagoni Syzygium alternifolium Syzygium aromaticum Syzygium cumini Syzygium jambos Syzygium samarangense Tabebuia aurea Tabebuia avellanedae Talinum portulacifolium Tamarindus indica Taxus baccata Tecoma castanifolia Tephrosia calophylla Tephrosia purpurea Teramnus labialis Terminalia alata Terminalia catappa Terminalia chebula Terminalia elliptica Terminalia pallida Teucrium botrys Teucrium royleanum Thalictrum foliolosum Thespesia populnea Thunbergia erecta Thunbergia fragrans Thunbergia grandiflora Thymus linearis Tiliacora acuminata Tiliacora racemosa Tinospora cordifolia Tinospora crispa Tinospora sinensis Toona ciliata Trewia nudiflora Tribulus terrestris Trichodesma indicum Trichosanthes cucumerina Trichosanthes palmata Trichosanthes tricuspidata Trifolium repens Trigonella foenum-graecum Triumfetta rhomboidea Tylophora indica Uraria picta Urena lobata Urena sinuata Urginea coromandeliana Vachellia horrida Valeriana jatamansi Vanda tessellata Veronica serpyllifolia Viburnum coriaceum Vicia bakeri Vicia faba Vicia sativa Vigna radiata Vigna unguiculata Vinca rosea Viola rupestris Viscum album Vitex negundo Vitis vinifera Withania somnifera Wrightia tinctoria Wulfeniosis amherstiana Zamia furfuracea Ziziphus jujuba Ziziphus mauritiana
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