Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.Family: Moraceae
Synonyms: Artocarpus integrifolia var. heterophylla (Lam.), Pers., Artocarpus brasiliensis Gomez,, Artocarpus heterophylla Lam., Artocarpus integrifolia, auct., Artocarpus integrifolia sensu, Trimen non. L. f., Artocarpus integrifolia var., glabra Stokes, Artocarpus jaca Lam., Artocarpus, maxima Blanco, Artocarpus philippinensis, Lam., Polyphema jaca Lour., Saccus arboreus, major Rumph., Sitodium caulifl orum Gaertn., Tsjaka-maram Rheede.Common name: Jackfruit, Jackfruit tree
- Assamese : কণ্ঠাল Konthal, কণ্টফল Konto phol, কণ্টকফল Kontok phol, কণ্টকি Kontoki , কণ্টকীফল Kontoki Phol, কঁঠাল Kothal, ফলকন্টক Pholkontok.
- Bengali : কাঁঠাল Kathal.
- Chinese : Bo luo mi, Bo luo mi (Hong Kong), Bo luo mi, Mu bo luo, Shu bo luo.
- Danish : Jackfrugttrae.
- Dutch : Nangka.
- English : Jackfruit, Jackfruit tree.
- French : Jacquier.
- German : Indischer Brotfruchtbaum, Jackfrucht, Jackfruchtbaum.
- Gujarati : Phannasa.
- Hindi : Cakki, Katahal, कटहल Kathal, Kanthal.
- Italian : Falso albero del pane.
- Japanese : ナガミパンノキ Nagami pannoki, Paramitsu.
- Kannada : Halasina hannu, Halasu, Panasero.
- Khmer : Khnor.
- Korean : 바라밀 Baramil.
- Kuki: Lamphong
- Laotian : Mai mi, Mak mi, Mi (mii, mee).
- Malagasy : Finésy.
- Malay : Nangka (Indonesia, Bali), Nangka bubor, Keledang (Timor).
- Malayalam : ചക്ക Chakka.
- Manipuri: থৈবোং Theibong
- Marathi: फणस Phanas
- Nepalese : Rukh kutaherr.
- Oriya: ପନସ Panas
- Persian : Derakhte nan.
- Portuguese : Jaca.
- Sanskrit : पनस Panasah, पनसम् Panasam.
- Sinhalese : Jak, Kos.
- Spanish : Arbol del pan, Fruta del pobre, Jaca, Jaka, Jaqueiro.
- Swahili : Fenesi.
- Swedish : Jackträd.
- Tagalog : Langka.
- Tamil: பலா Palaa
- Telugu: పనస Panasa
- Thai : ขนุน Khanun, Makmee (Maak mee), Maak laang.
- Vietnamese : Mít
Some other vernacular names: Banaban : Te Mai N-Inria; Borneo : Bedug, Nangka, Nangka Batu; Brazil : Jaqueira ( Portuguese ); Burmese : Peignai; Chinese : Bo Luo Mi, Mu Bo Luo, Shu Bo Luo; Danish : Jackfrugttrae, Jackfrugt , Jacktræ; Dutch : Siri Broodboom; Dominican Republic : Guenpan, Guenpan De Masa (Fleshy), Guenpan De Semilla (Seeded); Eastonian : Erilehine Leivapuu, Vili: Jaka; Fijian : Uto Ni Idia; French : Jacquier, Arbre À Pain, Arbre À Pain À Graines; German : Indischer Brotfruchtbaum, Jackfrucht, Jackfrutchbaum; Hungarian : Jákafa, Kenyérfa; Icelandic : Saðningaraldin; Indonesia : Nangke ( Alas, Sumatra ), Anaane ( Ambon, Maluku ), Angga, Mangka, Nangga, Nangka ( N. Sulawesi ), Pana, Panah, Panaih, Panas ( Acheh, Sumatra ), Nangka ( Bali ), Nnka ( Bare, Kalimantan ), Naka, Nangka, Pinasa, Sibodak ( Batak), Nanga, Nangga ( Bima, West Nusa Tenggara) , Panasa ( Boeginisch, Sulawesi ), Nango ( Boeol, Gorontalo, Sulawesi ), Naang, Nakan, Nakane, Nakang ( Boeroe, Maluku ), Tehele Kaloeen ( East Ceram, Maluku ), Anaa Ane, Ain Nad Wakane, Inaale, Naka Kota, Nongga, Tafela ( West Ceram, Maluku ), Amnaalo, Anaato, Tajena ( South Ceram, Maluku ), Batuk, Baduk, Enaduk, Maauk, Naka, Nangka ( Dyak, Kalimantan), Nangka ( Flores ), Langge ( Gorontalo, Sulawesi ), Naka ( Halmahera, Maluku ), Nangka, Nongka ( Javanese ), Ua Malai ( Kisar, Maluku ), Belaso, Benaso, Lamasa, Malasa, Menaso ( Lampong, Sumatra ), Uruwane ( Leti, Maluku ), Nangka ( Madurese ), Cidu ( Makassar, Sulawesi ), Nakale ( Makian, North Sulawesi ), Nangka ( Malay ), Nanakang, Nangka ( Mandar, Sulawesi ), Nangka ( Mori, Sulawesi ), Nad ( Nias, Sumatra ), Anad, Anad Wakan, Annal, Anaalo, Nangka ( Oelias, Maluku ), Nangka ( Salajar, Sulawesi ), Nangka ( Sangir, Sulawesi ), Nangke ( Sasak, Lombok ), Nangga ( Saoesoe, Sulawesi Tengah ), Hoka, Naga (Sawoe or Sawu, Nusa Tenggara Timor ), Anaha, Anasah ( Simaloer, North West Sumatra ), Naka, Naki, Nangga, Ndeile ( Soela, Maluku ), Nanga, Nangga Sumba, Nangka ( Sumba ), Naka, Nakak, Nakat ( Solor, Nusa Tenggara Barat ), Naka ( Ternate, Maluku ) Naka ( Tidore, Maluku ), Kuloh, Naka, Taijonis, Sosak, Nangka Bubor, Keledang ( Timor) , Kroor, Naka, Naknak ( North Papua Barat), Lamasa, Malasa, Menaso, Benaso ( Sumatra ), Nangka ( Sundanese ); Italian : Falso Albero Del Pane; Japanese : Paramitsu; Khmer : Khnor, Knol; Korean : Baramil; Laotian : Miiz, Miiz Hnang, Mai Mi, Mak Mi, Mi; Madagascar : Ampalibe ( Malagasy); Malaysia : Nangka; Maldivian : Sakkeyo; Mexico : Yaka; Nepali : Rukh Kutaherr; Papua New Guinea : Kapiak; Persian : Derakhte Nan; Philippines : Langka, Nanka, Nangka ( Bisaya ), Nangka ( Ibanag ), Nangka ( Iloko) , Yangka (P ampangan), Nanka ( Sulu), Langka, Nangka ( Tagalog); Portuguese : Jaca, Jaqueira; Samoan : Ulu Initia; Sri Lanka : Kos Varaka, Vela ( Sinhalese) ; Spanish : Árbol Del Pan, Fruta Del Pobre, Jaca, Jaka, Jaqueiro Jaca Buen Pan, Pan De Fruta, Rima; Swahili : Fenesi; Swedish : Jackträd, Jackfrukt; Thailand : Banun, Khanun, Makmi, Makmee, Maak Mee, Maak Laang; Uganda : Fene ( Luganda); Vietnamese : Mit; Yapese : Dapanapan.
Ayurvedic uses: Antidiarrhoeal, Astringent, carminative, tonic. leaf extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus was found to cause a hypoglycaemic effect.
Traditional Medicinal Uses Many parts of the plant including the bark, roots, leaves, fruit and latex are endowed with medicinal properties and used in traditional medicine. In the Philippines, the ash of the leaves, after burning with corn and coconut shells, is applied on wounds and ulcers as cicatrizant. In India, the leaves are used in treating skin disease. The root is anti-asthmatic. The decoction of the root is used in diarrhoea and for fever. The root is also useful in skin diseases. The latex of the tree is used to promote healing in glandular swellings and in snake bites. Mixed with vinegar and applied to these swellings and to abscesses, it promotes absorption or suppuration. The ash of jackfruit leaves, burned, is used alone or mixed with coconut oil to heal ulcers. The wood has a sedative property; its pith is said to produce abortion. The unripe fruit is astringent and if eaten in large quantities, it produces diarrhoea. The ripe fruit is demulcent, nutritive, and laxative. The pulp envelopes or arils of the seeds are considered by the Chinese to be cooling, tonic, and nutritious. The starch of the seeds is given in bilious colic. The roasted seeds are believed to have aphrodisiac properties. However, some reproductively active young men in rural areas of Sri Lanka claimed that consumption of these seeds few hours prior to coitus disrupts sexual function. In Sarawak, ash from the leaves mixed in a little coconut oil and prescribed for scabies or kuris by the Iban; the Melanau used the same for applying on cuts and wounds. Hot water extract of mature jak leaves ( Artocarpus heterophyllus ) is recommended by Ayurvedic and traditional medical practitioners as a treatment for diabetes mellitus. [Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants – Vol-3]
Snake bite: Part used - Pedunele. Fed 1 cup juice thrice daily immediately after bite. Bark, root juice Fed to the human and cows 1/2 cup juice twice daily till cure [Herbal Cures: Traditional Approach]
Uses: In Burma and China, the latex is applied to heal ulcers and abscesses. The roots are used to stop diarrhea. In Malaysia, ashes of leaves are used to heal wounds. In the Philippines, the latex is used as it is in Burma, and the leaves as it is in Malaysia. In Vietnam, the wood is used to stop convulsion. A decoction of the leaves is drunk to stimulate the production of milk. The sap is used to treat syphilis and to expel intestinal worms. [Medicinal Plants of The Aisa-Pacific: Drugs For The Future?]
Tonic to treat discomfort from alcohol influences [Taiwanese Native Medicinal Plants Phytopharmacology and Therapeutic Values]
Chemistry: Isopentyl isovalerate (28.4%) and butyl isovalerate. The aroma concentrate of “soft jackfruit” was dominated by isopentyl isovalerate, butyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate, butyl isovalerate and 2-methylbutyl acetate. Jackfruit contained 45 volatile components of which 32 have not been reported previously. Esters represented a high proportion of the jackfruit volatiles and are important contributors to the flavour of the fruit.
366 Published articles of Artocarpus heterophyllus Jackfruit
