Thursday, September 26, 2013

Paederia foetida, Prasarani, Tala nili, Mudiyar Kundal

Paederia foetida L.
Family: Rubiaceae
Sanskrit : Prasarani, Gandhapatra
Assamese : Bhedilata
Bengali: Gandhabhaaduli
Gujrati : Prasarini
Hindi : Gandha Prasarini
Kannada : Hesarani, Prasarini bail
Malayalam : Tala nili
Marathi : Hiranvel, Haranvel
Punjabi : Prasarini
Tamil : Mudiyar Kundal, Talanili,
Telugu : Gontima goru-Teega

Root - Tap root 2-4 cm long, 0.5-2 cm thick, cylindrical or sub cylindrical, tortuous, having a number of branches and rootlets; dark brown; surface rough due to longitudinal wrinkles, ridges and fissures; remnants of rootlet, thin scars and numerous horizontal lenticels also present; fracture, short in bark region and somewhat fibrous in wood; odour, disagreeable and foetid more marked in fresh samples; taste, indistinct.
Stem - Slender, sub-erect with diffuse branching, upto 4 cm thick; subcylindrical showing a dumb-bell shaped appearance in transverse view due to presence of two prominant furrows running opposite each other on both surfaces, externally dark brown, longitudinal anastomosing wrinkles, ridges and a few transverse cracks and circular lenticels, fracture, fibrous; odour, foetid more marked in fresh samples; taste, indistinct.
Leaf - Simple, petiolate, stipulate; 10-15 cm long, 5-6 cm broad; somewhat glabrous; ovate, entire, base narrow or broad, apex acute or cuspidate; stipule ovate, lanceolate, bifid, entire, acute, base broad with hairy surface, texture, thin; odour, foetid more distinct in fresh samples; taste, indistinct.
Flower - Violet to pink; bracteate, pedicellate, bisexual, calyx campanulate, acutely, toothed; corolla funnel-shaped, usually pubescent, somewhat gibbous and wooly inside, limb narrow, divided into five cordate crenulate segments, lobes short; filament short, inserted irregularly about the middle of the tube, anther erect within the tube; ovary turbinate, two celled containing one ovule, each attached to the bottom of the cell; style, simple; stigma two cleft with lobes bent amongst the anther.
Fruit - Berry, orbicular, ellipsoid, compressed, smooth with five lines on each side, one celled, two seeded, 1.1 cm across, red or black.
Seed - Compressed, smooth, enlarged with somewhat membranous ring all round [API, Part-1, Vol-2]

Uses: Vatarakta, Vata roga. Used as ingredient in dasamularista. (API), Sandhivata (Classical Ayurvedic Prescriptions for Common Diseases)

Leaves used in Cough and cold to prepare soup with a little amount of ginger. [Herbal Cures: Traditional Approach]

Leaf—carminative, antiinflammatory, astringent, spasmolytic, antidiarrhoeal, diuretic, antilithic. Root— anti-inflammatory. Used for rheumatic affections, piles, inflammations of the liver, spleen and chest. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]

Anti-inflammatory properties: A butanolic fraction of a methanolic extract of the defatted leaves of Paederia foetida L. inhibits significantly the formation of the granulation tissue in cotton-pellet-implanted rats. This fraction inhibits the enzymatic activity of liver aspartate transaminase, without affecting serum aspartate transaminase and reduces the level of serum orosomucoid as well.  Antitumor properties:Note that paederoside characterized from Paederia foetida L. is potently antitumoral in vitro. In Burma, Paederia foetida L. is used to treat rheumatism. In China, the plant is used to treat paralysis and to increase fertility.The leaves are used to treat flatulence. The entire plant is used to heal insect bites. A decoction of the roots mixed with pig’s feet is used to stimulate blood circulation and to assuage the rheumatism pain in elderly people. In Vietnam, the leaves are used to promote urination and to combat fever. The leaves and root are used to invigorate health, promote digestion, treat flatulence and to soothe inflammation. In India, Paederia foetida L. is used to stimulate venereal desire, promote urination, and menses, and to treat rheumatism. [Medicinal Plants of The Asia-Pacific: Drugs For The Future]

34 Published articles of Paederia foetida
1.    Effect of ethanolic extract of Paederia foetida Linn. leaves on sexual behavior and spermatogenesis in male rats
Soni, Devendra K.; Sharma, Vikas; Chauhan, Nagendra Singh; et al. - JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH  Volume: 9   Issue: 4   Pages: 268-276   Published: DEC 2012
2.    A comparative analytical study of Prasarani [Merremia tridentata Hallier. f. and Paederia foetida Linn].
Rajashekhara, N; Vasanth, P; Kumar, D Vijaya - Ayu  Volume: 33   Issue: 3   Pages: 444-6   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-8520.108864   Published: 2012-Jul
3.    A new species, Aceria neopaederiae (Acari: Eriophyidae), infesting Paederia foetida L. (Rubiaceae) in Thailand, Hong Kong and Singapore
Konvipasruang, P.; Chandrapatya, A.; Amrine, J. W., Jr.; et al. - SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY  Volume: 17   Issue: 2   Pages: 191-201   Published: JUN 2012
4.    TRACHYAPHTHONA NIGRITA AND TRACHYAPHTHONA SORDIDA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) REJECTED AS POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS OF PAEDERIA FOETIDA L. (RUBIACEAE), AN INVASIVE WEED IN HAWAII AND FLORIDA
Pemberton, Robert W.; Witkus, Gloria L. - FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST  Volume: 94   Issue: 1   Pages: 112-114   Published: MAR 2011
5.    Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Paederia foetida and Syzygium aqueum
Osman, Hasnah; Rahim, Afidah A.; Isa, Norhafizah M.; et al. - MOLECULES  Volume: 14   Issue: 3   Pages: 970-978   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules14030970   Published: MAR 2009
6.    Differential soil seed bank longevity of Paederia foetida L., an invasive woody vine, across three habitats in Florida
Liu, Hong; Pemberton, Robert W. - JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY  Volume: 135   Issue: 4   Pages: 491-496   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3159/08-RA-048R.1   Published: OCT-DEC 2008
7.    Life history and host specificity of the Japanese flea beetles Trachyaphthona sordida and T-nigrita (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae), potential biological control agents against skunk vine, Paederia foetida (Rubiaceae), in the southeastern parts of the United States and Hawaii
Okamoto, Chie; Tsuda, Kiyoshi; Yamaguchi, Daisuke; et al. - ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE  Volume: 11   Issue: 2   Pages: 143-152   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8298.2008.00266.x   Published: JUN 2008
8.    Antitussive activity of the ethanolic extract of Paederia foetida (Rubiaceae family) in non-anaesthetized cats
Nosalova, G.; Mokry, J.; Ather, A.; et al. - ACTA VETERINARIA BRNO  Volume: 76   Issue: 1   Pages: 27-33   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200776010027   Published: MAR 2007
9.    Leaf-shape variation of Paederia foetida in Japan: reexamination of the small, narrow leaf form from Miyajima Island
Tsukaya, Hirokazu; Imaichi, Ryoko; Yokoyama, Jun - JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH  Volume: 119   Issue: 4   Pages: 303-308   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10265-006-0272-4   Published: JUL 2006
10.    Antidiarrhoeal activity of the ethanol extract of Paederia foetida Linn. (Rubiaceae)
Afroz, S; Aamgir, M; Khan, MTH; et al. - JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY  Volume: 105   Issue: 1-2   Pages: 125-130   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.10.004   Published: APR 21 2006
11.    Native and introduced pollinators promote a self-incompatible invasive woody vine (Paederia foetida L) in Florida
Liu, Hong; Pemberton, Robert W.; Stiling, Peter - JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY  Volume: 133   Issue: 2   Pages: 304-311   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3159/1095-5674(2006)133[304:NAIPPA]2.0.CO;2   Published: APR-JUN 2006
12.    Dulinius conchatus distant (Hemipter:Tingidae), considered and rejected as a potential biological control agent of Paederia foetida L. (Rubiaceae), an invasive weed in Hawaii and Florida
Pemberton, Robert W.; Murai, Kenneth; Pratt, Paul D.; et al. - Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society  Volume: 37   Pages: 81-83   Published: NOV 2005
13.    Clonal micropropagation of Paederia foetida L.: A potent herbal medicinal plant.
Sarker, Mehbub Rahman; Handique, Gautam K.; Handique, A. K. - Journal of Phytological Research  Volume: 15   Issue: 2   Pages: 125-131   Published: 2002
14.    Geographic expansion of the invasive weed Paederia foetida into tropical south Florida
Pratt, Paul D.; Pemberton, Robert W. - Castanea  Volume: 66   Issue: 3   Pages: 307   Published: September, 2001
15.    First U.S. report of Pseudocercospora paederiae leaf spot on the invasive exotic Paederia foetida
Walker, S. E.; El-Gholl, N. E.; Pratt, P. D.; et al. - Plant Disease  Volume: 85   Issue: 2   Pages: 232   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2001.85.2.232B   Published: February, 2001
16.    Paederia foetida (Rubiaceae), new to the flora of North Carolina
Diamond, Pete - SIDA Contributions to Botany  Volume: 18   Issue: 4   Pages: 1273-1276   Published: December, 1999
17.    Paederia foetida (skunk vine) and P-cruddasiana (sewer vine): Threats and management strategies
Gann, G; Gordon, DR - NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL  Volume: 18   Issue: 2   Pages: 169-174   Published: APR 1998
18.    A preliminary study on the hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of Paederia foetida leaf
De, S.; Shukla, V. J.; Ravishankar, B.; et al. - Fitoterapia  Volume: 67   Issue: 2   Pages: 106-109   Published: 1996
19.    INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTIINFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF PAEDERIA-FOETIDA
DE, S; RAVISHANKAR, B; BHAVSAR, GC - JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY  Volume: 43   Issue: 1   Pages: 31-38   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(94)90113-9   Published: JUN 1994
20.    Anti-inflammatory activity of Paederia foetida
Singh, Surjeet; Bani, S.; Khajuria, A.; et al. - Fitoterapia  Volume: 65   Issue: 4   Pages: 357-362   Published: 1994
21.    Steam volatile constituents of the aerial parts of Paederia foetida L
Wong, K. C.; Tan, G. L. - Flavour and Fragrance Journal  Volume: 9   Issue: 1   Pages: 25-28   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffj.2730090106   Published: 1994
22.    Evaluation of Paederia foetida for Hepatoprotective and Anti-inflammatory Activities
De, Subrata; Ravishankar, B.; Bhavsar, G. C. - Indian Journal of Natural Products  Volume: 9   Issue: 1   Pages: 7-11   Published: 1993
23.    Fatty acid compositions of Gymonsporia montana and Paederia foetida leaves
De, Subrata; Dave, K. K.; Bhavsar, G. C. - Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences  Volume: 55   Issue: 3   Pages: 110-112   Published: 1993
24.    CAYRATIA-JAPONICA VITACEAE AND PAEDERIA-FOETIDA RUBIACEAE ADVENTIVE IN TEXAS
BROWN L E - Phytologia  Volume: 72   Issue: 1   Pages: 45-47   Published: 1992
25.    PAEDERIA-FOETIDA NEW-RECORD L. COIX-LACRYMA-JOBI L. AND HEDYCHIUM-CORONATUM KOENIG FROM IBERIA PARISH LOUISIANA USA
THOMAS R D; MCCOY J W - Phytologia  Volume: 61   Issue: 3   Pages: 142   Published: 1986
26.    POTENTIAL CARCINOGENS .7. IRIDOID GLYCOSIDES AND OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF PAEDERIA-FOETIDA
SHUKLA, YN; LLOYD, HA; MORTON, JF; et al. - PHYTOCHEMISTRY  Volume: 15   Issue: 12   Pages: 1989-1990   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)88867-6   Published: 1976
27.    ODORIFEROUS SULFUR-COMPOUNDS AND IRIDOID GLYCOSIDES OF PAEDERIA-FOETIDA
KAPADIA, GJ; SHUKLA, YN; LLOYD, HA - LLOYDIA-THE JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS  Volume: 38   Issue: 6   Pages: 539-539   Published: 1975
28.    NEUTRAL CONSTITUENTS OF PAEDERIA-FOETIDA LINN
TRIPATHI, VJ; DASGUPTA, B - JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY  Volume: 51   Issue: 12   Pages: 1057-1057   Published: 1974
29.    Anti-inflammatory activity of an indigenous plant--Paederia foetida (Gandhali).
Srivastava, M C; Tewari, J P; Kant, V - Indian journal of medical sciences  Volume: 27   Issue: 3   Pages: 231-4   Published: 1973-Mar
30.    A preliminary observation on the effects of Paederia foetida on gastro-intestinal helminths in bovines.
Roychoudhury, G K; Chakrabarty, A K; Dutta, B - The Indian veterinary journal  Volume: 47   Issue: 9   Pages: 767-9   Published: 1970-Sep
31.    THE EFFECT OF PAEDERIA-FOETIDA-D METAB EXTRACT ON ALBINO RAT BRAIN ABSTRACT
CHATTERJEE S; DATTA A; DATTAGUPTA U - Indian Science Congress Association Proceedings  Volume: 53   Issue: 3   Pages: 445   Published: 1966
32.    Chemical investigation of Paederia foetida L
BOSE, P. K.; BANERJEE, A. K.; GHOSE, C. - TRANS BOSE RES INST  Volume: 19   Pages: 77-78   Published: 1953
33.    Results of some preliminary investigations on the control of weeds in Mauritius. 6. Some twining weeds: Paederia foetida ("liane lingue"), Ipomoea cairica ("liane lastique"). Asystasia gangetica ("liane or herbe pistache" or "herbe piment"). Thunbergia fragrans ("liane blanc"). Bignonia unguis-cati ("Liane patate" or "patte poule piquant")
EVANS, H. - REV AGRIC HE MAURICE  Volume: 26   Issue: (1)   Pages: 3-10   Published: 1947
34.    AN ENDODERMAL PHELLOGEN IN THE STEM OF PAEDERIA-FOETIDA LINN
MAHESHWARI, P - NATURE  Volume: 156   Issue: 3952   Pages: 116-117   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/156116b0   Published: 1945
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cochinchinensis Morinda citrifolia Morinda pubescens Moringa oleifera Mucuna pruriens Muehlenbeckia platyclada Muehlenbeckia platyclados Muntingia calabura Murdannia nudiflora Murraya koenigii Muscari neglectum Myriactis nepalensis Myristica fragrans Myrtus communis Naravelia zeylanica Nardostachys grandiflora Nardostachys jatamansi Naringi crenulata Nasturtium officinale Nelumbo nucifera Neolamarckia cadamba Nepeta laevigata Nerium indicum Nerium oleander Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Nicotiana rustica Nicotiana tabacum Nigella sativa Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Nymphaea nouchali Nymphaea pubescens Nymphoides indica Ocimum basilicum Ocimum gratissimum Ocimum kilimandscharicum Ocimum sanctum Oldenlandia umbellata Ononis natrix Ononis repens Ononis spinosa Operculina turpethum Origanum majorana Oroxylum indicum Osteospermum ecklonis Others Oxyria digyna Pachygone ovata Pachyrhizus erosus Paederia foetida Pandanus tectorius Papaver somniferum Passiflora caerulea Passiflora vitifolia Pavetta indica Pentapetes phoenicea Pentas lanceolata Peperomia argyreia Peperomia heyneana Peperomia pellucida Peperomia sandersii Peperomia tetraphylla Perilla frutescens Persicaria amplexicaulis Persicaria barbata Persicaria capitata Persicaria glabra Persicaria nepalensis Phalaenopsis taenialis Phaulopsis dorsiflora Philodendron bipinnatifidum Phlomis bracteosa Phlomoides bracteosa Phyllanthus acidus Phyllanthus amarus Phyllanthus fraternus Phyllanthus lawii Phyllanthus rotundifolius Physalis grisea Physalis peruviana Picrorhiza kurroa Pilea microphylla Pimpinella anisum Piper betle Piper longum Piper nigrum Pisonia aculeata Pistia stratiotes Pisum sativum Plantago orbignyana Plantago ovata Platanthera edgeworthii Platostoma elongatum Plectranthus barbatus Plectranthus scutellarioides Plumbago auriculata Plumbago capensis Plumbago zeylanica Plumeria rubra Podranea ricasoliana Polemonium caeruleum Polygala crotalarioides Polygala persicariifolia Polygonatum cirrhifolium Polygonatum verticillatum Polygonum amplexicaule Polygonum barbatum Polygonum recumbens Pongamia pinnata Portulaca oleracea Portulaca umbraticola Portulacaria afra Potentilla fruticosa Potentilla supina Premna corymbosa Premna tomentosa Primula denticulata Primula floribunda Primula vulgaris Prunus Amygdalus Prunus dulcis Pseuderanthemum carruthersii Pseudobombax ellipticum Pseudocaryopteris foetida Psidium guajava Psidium guineense Pterocarpus santalinus Pterospermum acerifolium Pterospermum lanceifolium Pterygota alata Pulicaria dysenterica Punica granatum Putranjiva roxburghii Pyrostegia venusta Quisqualis indica Ranunculus arvensis Ranunculus laetus Ranunculus sceleratus Raphanus sativus Rauvolfia serpentina Rauvolfia tetraphylla Reinwardtia indica Rhamphicarpa fistulosa Rhodiola trifida Rhodiola wallichiana Rhododendron arboreum Rhynchosia heynei Rhynchosia himalensis Rhynchosia viscosa Ricinus communis Rorippa indica Roscoea purpurea Rosmarinus officinalis Ruellia patula Ruellia prostrata Ruellia tuberosa Rumex dentatus Rumex hastatus Rungia pectinata Saccharum officinarum Saccharum spontaneum Salix denticulata Salix tetrasperma Salvadora persica Salvia involucrata Salvia miltiorrhiza Salvia nubicola Salvia splendens Sambucus canadensis Sambucus mexicana Sambucus nigra Santalum album Sapindus saponaria Saussurea auriculata Saussurea candicans Saussurea obvallata Scadoxus multiflorus Scutellaria baicalensis Scutellaria grossa Scutellaria repens Sedum oreades Semecarpus anacardium Senna auriculata Senna occidentalis Senna siamea Senna sophera Sesbania bispinosa Sesbania grandiflora Seseli diffusum Sesuvium portulacastrum Setaria verticillata Shorea robusta Sida cordata Sida cordifolia Sida retusa Sida spinosa Sideritis hirsuta Silybum marianum Smithia ciliata Solanum chrysotrichum Solanum erianthum Solanum jasminoides Solanum melongena Solanum nigrum Solanum sisymbriifolium Solanum surattense Solanum torvum Solanum tuberosum Solanum villosum Sonchus oleraceus Soymida febrifuga Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Sphenoclea zeylanica Spiranthes australis Spiranthes sinensis Spondias pinnata Stellaria media Stellera chamaejasme Stephania japonica Sterculia alata Sterculia foetida Sterculia villosa Stereospermum tetragonum Stevia rebaudiana Striga asiatica Strophanthus boivinii Strychnos minor Strychnos nux-vomica Strychnos potatorum Suaeda maritima Suregada multiflora Swertia angustifolia Swertia bimaculata Swertia cordata Swertia paniculata Swietenia macrophylla Swietenia mahagoni Syzygium alternifolium Syzygium aromaticum Syzygium cumini Syzygium jambos Syzygium samarangense Tabebuia aurea Tabebuia avellanedae Talinum portulacifolium Tamarindus indica Taxus baccata Tecoma castanifolia Tephrosia calophylla Tephrosia purpurea Teramnus labialis Terminalia alata Terminalia catappa Terminalia chebula Terminalia elliptica Terminalia pallida Teucrium botrys Teucrium royleanum Thalictrum foliolosum Thespesia populnea Thunbergia erecta Thunbergia fragrans Thunbergia grandiflora Thymus linearis Tiliacora acuminata Tiliacora racemosa Tinospora cordifolia Tinospora crispa Tinospora sinensis Toona ciliata Trewia nudiflora Tribulus terrestris Trichodesma indicum Trichosanthes cucumerina Trichosanthes palmata Trichosanthes tricuspidata Trifolium repens Trigonella foenum-graecum Triumfetta rhomboidea Tylophora indica Uraria picta Urena lobata Urena sinuata Urginea coromandeliana Vachellia horrida Valeriana jatamansi Vanda tessellata Veronica serpyllifolia Viburnum coriaceum Vicia bakeri Vicia faba Vicia sativa Vigna radiata Vigna unguiculata Vinca rosea Viola rupestris Viscum album Vitex negundo Vitis vinifera Withania somnifera Wrightia tinctoria Wulfeniosis amherstiana Zamia furfuracea Ziziphus jujuba Ziziphus mauritiana
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