Talinum portulacifolium

Talinum portulacifolium (Forssk.) Asch. ex Schweinf.
Family: Talinaceae
Synonyms: Claytonia cuneifolia (Vahl) Kuntze, Orygia portulacifolia Forssk., Portulaca cuneifolia Vahl, Talinum cuneifolium (Vahl) Willd.

English: Flame flower
Other names: Sambarcheera, Basalacheera
Telugu: Sima bachchali సీమ బచ్చలి
Kannada: Nela basale,

Description: Erect, shrubby non-succulent annual or perennial, up to c. 1 m tall. Leaves elliptic-oblong, 2-9 cm long, dark green; apex rounded. Flowers in lax, many-flowered inflorescences, pink to purplish, c. 2.5 cm in diameter.

Leaves  decoction  aphrodisiac,  for  constipation;  leaves applied against eye diseases. Roots for cough and gonorrhea. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]

8 Published articles of Talinum portulacifolium

Delphinium elatum, Nirvisha

Delphinium elatum L.
Family: Ranunculaceae

English: Alpine Larkspur
Arabic: عائق خلاب
Bulgarian: Рагулькі высокія
Chinese: 高翠雀花
Finnish: Isoritarinkannus
French: Pied d'alouette élevé, Dauphinelle élevée
German: Hoher Rittersporn
Latvian: Augstais gaiļpiesis
Polish: Ostróżka wyniosła
Russian: živokost vysokaja, живокост высокая
Sanskrit: Nirvisha  निर्विषा
Swedish: stor riddarsporre

Description: Stems 40-200 cm; base green, pubescent or glabrous. Leaves cauline, 7-26 at anthesis; petiole 1-18 cm. Leaf blade round to pentagonal, 3-15 × 6-22 cm, ± puberulent; ultimate lobes 3-9, width 8-30 mm. Inflorescences 25-100(-more)-flowered; pedicel 1-3(-5) cm, glabrous to pubescent; bracteoles 2-5(-9) mm from flowers, green, linear, 5-9 mm, ± puberulent. Flowers: sepals blue, white, or purple, ± puberulent, lateral sepals spreading, 12-23 × 4-12 mm, spurs straight, ascending ca. 45° above horizontal, 15-22 mm; lower petal blades elevated, exposing stamens, 3-5 mm, clefts 0.2-1 mm; hairs sparse or dense, mostly near center of blade, yellow or white. Fruits 13-20 mm, 3.5-4.5 times longer than wide, ± puberulent. Seeds winged; seed coats ± with small wavy ridges, cells elongate, surface roughened.

Action: Whole plant—cardiac and respiratory depressant, emetic, diuretic, anthelmintic. Seed—insecticidal. Used in skin eruptions. Powdered flowers, mixed with mustard oil, are used for destroying lica.
Seeds are very poisonous; contain several aconitine-like alkaloids. Delphinidine, isolated from seeds, causes drastic gastro-enteric irritation [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]

Elatine, a diterpene alkaloid obtained from Delphinium elatum, has been used to relax muscles similar to tubocurarine at a dose of 10 mg, 3 to 5 times daily. [Medicinal plants ff the Aisa-Pacific: Drugs for the future?]

44 Published articles of Delphinium elatum

Amaranthus caudatus

Amaranthus caudatus L.
Family: Amaranthaceae

Common names: African spinach, amaranth, blue amaranth, cat tail, foxtail, foxtail amaranth, grain amaranth, Inca wheat, Indian spinach, jataco, love-lies-bleeding, purple amaranth, red-hot  cattail,  slender cockscomb,  tassel  flower,  tumble -weed, velvet flower

• Arabic: قطيفة مذنبة
• Chinese: 老枪谷
• Finnish: Punarevonhäntä
• French: Queue de renard
• German: Garten-Fuchsschwanz,
• Italian: Amaranto coda rossa
• Malayalam: chaulai
• Quechua: kiwicha
• Spanish: ataco
• Swedish: rävsvans

Description: Annual herb, erect, up to c. 1.5 m in height, commonly reddish or purplish throughout. Stem rather stout, not or sparingly branched, glabrous or thinly furnished with rather long, multicellular hairs which are increasingly numerous upwards. Leaves glabrous, or ± sparingly pilose along the margins and lower surface of the primary venation, long-petiolate (petiole to c. 8 cm but not longer than the lamina), lamina broadly ovate to rhomboid-ovate or ovate-elliptic, 2.5-15 x 1-8 cm, obtuse to subacute at the mucronulate tip, shortly cuneate to attenuate below. Flowers in axillary and terminal spikes formed of increasingly approximated cymose clusters, the terminal inflorescence varying from a single, elongate, tail-like, pendulous spike, to 30 cm or more long and c. 1.5 cm wide, to a panicle with the ultimate spike so formed; male and female flowers intermixed throughout the spikes. Bracts and bracteoles deltoid-ovate, pale-membranous, acuminate and with a long, pale or reddish, rigid, erect arista formed by the yellow-green or reddish stout, excurrent midrib, the longest up to twice as long as the perianth. Perianth segments 5; those of the male flowers oblong-elliptic, 2.5-3.5 mm, acute, aristate; those of the female flowers 1.75-2.5 mm, broadly obovate to spathulate, distinctly imbricate, abruptly narrowed to a blunt or sometimes faintly emarginate, mucronate tip. Stigmas 3, c. 0.75 mm, erect or flexuose. Capsule 2-2.5 mm, ovoid-globose, circumscissile, slightly urceolate, the lid smooth or furrowed below, abruptly narrowed to a short, thick neck. Seeds shining, compressed, black, almost smooth, or commonly subspherical with a thick yellowish margin and a translucent centre, c. 0.75-1.25 mm.

Used  in  Ayurveda,  Sidha  and  Unani.  Roots  washed  and boiled with honey, a laxative for infants; roots of Amaranthus caudatus boiled with the leaves of Pratia nummularia and the liquid drunk for urogenital affections. Leaves and seeds laxative, narcotic, blood purifier, applied to piles and sores. Seeds antioxidant,  antimicrobial  and  antidiabetic,  for  tapeworms and for treating eye diseases, jaundice, amebic dysentery and breasts complaints. Plant taken as a diuretic and applied to sores, abscesses, boils and eczema. Ceremonial, worship.

Blood-purifier, diuretic; used in piles, strangury, dropsy and anasarca; tea has been used for relieving pulmonary conditions; also given in scrofula and applied to scrofulous sores. Antimicrobial peptides have been isolated from seeds. In Western herbal medicine, Love-Lies-Bleeding is equated with Amaranthus hypochondriacus, and is used for ulcers, diarrhoea, as well as inflammation of the mouth and throat. Preliminary evidence suggests that Amaranth seedcan reducetotalcholesterol and LDL, while increasing HDL, but Amaranth muffins failed to reduce cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic adults beyond the reduction achieved by low-fat diet.

272 Published articles of Amaranthus caudatus

Chenopodium murale, Goyalo

Chenopodium murale L.
Family: Amaranthaceae

Synonyms: Anserina muralis (L.) Montandon, Atriplex muralis (L.) Crantz, Chenopodium baccatum Labill., Chenopodium biforme Nees, Chenopodium carthagenense Zuccagni, Chenopodium carthagenense Zucc., Chenopodium chamrium Buch.-Ham. [Invalid], Chenopodium congestum Hook.f., Chenopodium flavum Forssk., Chenopodium gandhium Buch.-Ham., Chenopodium guineense Jacq., Chenopodium laterale Aiton, Chenopodium longidjawense Peter, Chenopodium lucidum Gilib., Chenopodium maroccanum Pau, Chenopodium murale var. acutidentatum Aellen, Chenopodium murale var. albescens Moq., Chenopodium murale f. albescens (Moq.) Maire, Chenopodium murale var. angustatum Fenzl, Chenopodium murale var. biforme (Nees) Moq., Chenopodium murale var. carthagenense Moq., Chenopodium murale var. latifolium Fenzl, Chenopodium murale var. microphyllum Coss. & Germ., Chenopodium murale var. paucidentatum Beck, Chenopodium murale var. spissidentatum Murr, Rhagodia baccata (Labill.) Moq., Rhagodia baccata var. congesta (Hook. f.) Hook. f., Rhagodia congesta (Hook. f.) Moq., Vulvaria trachisperma Bubani

• Common name: Nettle-Leaved Goosefoot, Australian-spinach, salt-green
• Hindi: Goyalo
• Arabic: حد , شجره المتينه (شَجرة المُتينه)
• Dutch: Muurganzenvoet
• Finnish: Rauniosavikka
• French: Chénopode du bon Henri
• Icelandic: netlunjóli
• Portuguese: Pé-de-ganso
• Romanian: frunză de potcă
• Russian: Марь постенная

Description: Annual up to 90 cm. high, upright or spreading, normally much branched, green, rarely red-tinged, mealy especially on young parts but rarely densely so. Leaves variable, commonly rhombic-ovate, rarely narrower, about 1 *5-9 cm. long and 0*8-5 (-7) cm, wide, without any tendency for especially prominent basal lobes, but with several coarse irregular ascending usually sharp teeth (about 5-15 teeth on each margin, rarely fewer). Inflore cences leafy, composed of divaricately branched cymes up to 5 cm. long, terminal and from upper axils. Flowers greenish, minute, about 1-1-5 mm. in diameter. Sepals 5, papillose on margins and outside, each with a blunt raised green keel towards apex only. Stamens 5. Pericarp veiy difficult to detach from seed. Seeds (Fig. 2/3, p. 3) black, somewhat shining, 1-2- 1*5 mm. in diameter, acutely keeled; testa under microscope marked with very close minute rounded pits.

Used for gastrointestinal tract pains and fever.  [Medicinal Plants of Wadi El Gemal National Park]



76 Published articles of Chenopodium murale

Lablab purpureus, Chikkudu, Avarai

Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet
Family: Leguminosae
 
English: Hyacinth Bean
Amharic: amora-guaya
Arabic: lablab
Assamese: uri
Bengali: Shim
Chinese: 扁豆, 沿篱豆
Finnish: Hyasinttipapu
German: Helmbohne
Hindi: Bhatvas, सेम Sem
Kannada: Avare Baele
Malayalam: Amarakka അമരയ്ക്ക
Marathi: Pandhre Pavate
Portuguese: feijão cutelinho
Russian: lobija, лобия
Sanskrit: राजशिम्बी
Spanish: Bona wiss
Tamil: அவரை
Telugu: Chikkudu

Used  in  Ayurveda.  Toxins,  seeds  contain  poisonous  glucoside  destroyed  by  heat.  Leaves  used  for  diarrhea,  nausea,  vomiting,  leucorrhea,  earache;  leaves  decoction  given in  bleeding  piles;  bruise  the  leaves  and  apply  to  draw  out the heat and pain of burns; leaves juice to treat ringworm;  leaf paste in scabies and skin diseases. Seeds febrifuge, stomachic,  antiseptic,  aphrodisiac;  seed  powder  with  milk  to cure  leucorrhea.  Root  decoction  drunk  as  wormicide;  old roots decoction with salt used to cure cough; roots for poisoning wild animals. Tender fruits cooked and eaten for diabetes. An important traditional food, served to mothers after childbirth, said to increase mother’s milk. Ceremonial.

Seeds—febrifuge, stomachic, antispasmodic, antifungal, expectorant. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]

Published medicine related articles of Lablab purpureus

Celosia argentea, Quail Grass, Silver spiked cockcomb, Safed Murga

Celosia argentea L.
Family: Amaranthaceae

Synonyms: Amaranthus cristatus Noronha, Amaranthus huttonii H.J.Veitch, Amaranthus purpureus Nieuwl., Amaranthus pyramidalis Noronha, Celosia argentea f. argentea , Celosia argentea var. argentea , Celosia argentea f. cristata (L.) Schinz, Celosia argentea var. cristata (L.) Kuntze, Celosia aurea T.Moore, Celosia castrensis L., Celosia cernua Roxb. [Illegitimate], Celosia coccinea L., Celosia comosa Retz., Celosia cristata L., Celosia debilis S.Moore, Celosia huttonii Mast., Celosia japonica Houtt., Celosia japonica Mart., Celosia linearis Sweet ex Hook.f. [Invalid], Celosia margaritacea L., Celosia marylandica Retz., Celosia pallida Salisb., Celosia plumosa (Voss) Burv., Celosia purpurea J.St.-Hil., Celosia purpurea A.St.-Hil. ex Steud., Celosia pyramidalis Burm.f., Celosia splendens Schumach. & Thonn., Celosia swinhoei Hemsl., Chamissoa margaritacea (L.) Schouw,

• English: Quail Grass, Silver spiked cockcomb
• Arabic: sheiba عرف الديك (نبات)
• Azərbaycanca: Gümüşü seloziya
• Bulgarian: Петльов гребен
• Catalan: Vellutet
• Chinese: 鸡冠花
• Finnish: Kukonharja
• French: Grande immortelle
• German: Silber-Brandschopf
• Hausa: farar áláyyafóo
• Hindi: Safed Murga
• Hungarian: Ezüst celózia
• Japanese: ケイトウ
• Malay: Bunga balung ayam
• Malayalam: Kozhipoovu, Cheruchira
• Persian: گل تاج‌خروس تاجی
• Sanskrit: वितुन्नः vitunnah
• Sinhala: කිරිහැන්ද
• Spanish: borlón
• Swedish: Plymört
• Tamil: Makilikkeerai, Pannaipoo
• Telugu: కోడిజుట్టు పూలు kodi juttu poolu, గునుగు gunugu, బతుకమ్మ పువ్వు batukamma puvvu
• Vietnamese: Mào gà trắng
• Yoruba:soko yòkòtò

Description: Annual herb, erect, 0.4-2 m, simple or with many ascending branches. Stem and branches strongly ridged and often sulcate, quite glabrous. Leaves lanceolate-oblong to narrowly linear, acute to obtuse, shortly mucronate with the excurrent midrib, glabrous; lamina of the leaves from the centre of the main stem 2-15 x 0.1-3.2 cm, tapering below into an indistinctly demarcated, slender. petiole; upper and branch leaves smaller, markedly reducing; leaf axils often with small-leaved sterile shoots. Inflorescence a dense (rarely laxer below) many-flowered spike, 2.5-20 x 1.5-2.2 cm, silvery to pink, conical at first but becoming cylindrical in full flower, terminal on the stem and branches, on a long, sulcate peduncle up to c. 20 cm long, which often lengthens during flowering. Bracts and bracteoles lanceolate or towards the base of the spike deltoid, 3-5 mm, hyaline, ± aristate with the excurrent midrib, persistent after the fall of the flower. Perianth segments 6-10 mm, narrowly elliptic-oblong, acute to rather blunt, shortly mucronate with the excurrent midrib, with 2-4 lateral nerves ascending more than halfway up the centre of each segment, margins widely hyaline. Filaments very delicate, free part subequall¬ing or exceeding the staminal sheath, sinuses rounded with no or very minute intermediate teeth; anthers and filaments creamy to magenta. Stigmas 2-3, very short, the filiform style 5-7 mm long; ovary 4-8-ovulate. Capsule 3-4 mm, ovoid to almost globular. Seeds c. 1.25-1.5 mm, lenticular, black, shining, testa very finely reticulate.  

Used  in  Ayurveda  and  Sidha.  Dried  plant  powder  used for menstrual irregularities. Flowers and seeds in diarrhea, urinary  troubles  and  excessive  menstrual  discharge;  seeds, roots and leaves for urinary disorders and stomach complaints. Root paste applied all over the body as febrifuge, to cure fever with shivering; root juice cooling. Seeds with antimetastatic and immunomodulating  properties,  used  for  eye  troubles, acute  conjunctivitis,  uveitis,  keratitis,  diarrhea,  blood  diseases, mouth sores; inflorescence for epistaxis, diarrhea, hemorrhoidal  bleeding,  leucorrhea,  functional  uterine  bleeding, hematuria. Leaves antipyretic, mild laxative, antihepatotoxic, aphrodisiac, pounded with lime applied on fresh cuts, backache and wounds, also used as cosmetic substances for skin depigmentation; leaves eaten for digestion. Veterinary medicine, for goats and sheep, root extract mixed with Tamarindus fruit given orally in hydrogen cyanide poisoning. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]

Used  internally  for  haemato-  logical and gynaecologic disorders  and externally to treat inflammation and  as a disinfectant. The whole plant is used to treat dysentery and dysuria, and  used  externally  as  poultices  for  broken  bones.  The  plant  is  used  for  eye and liver ailments  in Yunnan,  China  and  also  for the treatment of mouth  sores and blood diseases and used as an aphrodisiac. The petioles are used  to  treat  sores,  wounds,  boils  and  swellings. The  seeds  are  used  for  the  treatment of conjunctivitis and hypertension. In China, the seeds are used for  haemorrhage,  menorrhagia and opthalmia.  In Indonesia, the flowering  tops are used for bleeding lungs whereas in Malaysia, the red flowering tops  are  prepared  as  decoctions  which  are  given  in  cases  of  white  discharges,  excessive  menstruations,  haematuria,  dysentery,  proteinuria,  bleeding  piles  and bleeding nose. [A  GUIDE  TO MEDICINAL PLANTS An Illustrated,  Scientific  and Medicinal  Approach]

Flowers—used in menorrhagia, blood-dysentery. Seeds—antidiarrhoeal, also used in stomatitis. Whole plant—antibacterial, antiscorbutic and cooling. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]

Aqueous extract of seeds of Celosia argentea L. given intraperitonneally to animals infected with colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells, reduces significantly liver metastasis through the induction of cytokins [MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE AISA-PACIFIC: DRUGS FOR THE FUTURE?]

230 Published articles of Celosia argentea

Mikania micrantha, Mile-a-Minute Vine, Guaco falso

Mikania micrantha Kunth
Family: Asteraceae (Compositae)

Common names: Mile-a-Minute Vine, Bitter Vine, Bitter tally, Climbing Hemp Vine, American Rope
Fijian: Usuvanua, Wa bosucu, Wa mbosuthu, Wa mbutako, Wa ndamele
French: liane americaine
German: Chinesischer Sommerefeu
Haitian: Bwa zamann
Malayalam: ധൃതരാഷ്ട്രപ്പച്ച, Vayara
Spanish: Guaco falso

Uses: Hypoglycemic,  antimicrobial,  anticancer,  hemostatic.  Tender shoots eaten for indigestion and constipation. Stem  squeezed,  mixed  with  ginger  rhizomes  and  eaten  to  give  relief  to  colds,  malaria,  stomachache  and  headache.  Leaf  juice applied on cuts and wounds; the rhizome of Curcuma  longa and the leaves of Mikania micrantha crushed and the  juice  taken  against  sores,  ulcers;  Amorphophallus  bulbi- fer rhizome paste mixed with leaves of Litsea monopetala  and Mikania micrantha applied externally in stomachache;  leaves decoction a remedy for dysentery; leaves boiled with  those of Vitex peduncularis taken against fever. For snake bites, the fer-de-lance (Bothrops atrox), and scorpion stings,  leaves crushed up in a rag and applied as a poultice to the  wound; young leaves infusion an antidote for snakebites and  for treating syphilis [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Dried aerial parts, infusion: as an antidote, vulnerary, for diabetes Leaf, decoction: antivenin, against malaria, to treat urinary tract infections; infusion: febrifuge Stem: alexipharmic, cicatrizant, febrifuge, for conjunctivitis [ Medicinal flora of Argentina]
Whole  plant:  Tea  for  stomachache  and  to  clean  out  the  uterus  (dilation  and  curettage).  Boiled  with  other  plants  for  tonic  to  reduce  malarial  fever.  Stem  and  Leaf:  Decoction  for  a children's clyster. Used to treat malaria and eczema om NW Guyana. Leaf: Juice for external ulcers and  itch.  Infusion  for  snakebite  and  syphilis;  bowels;  cholagogue.  Leaf  in  liquid  mixture  for children's anal thrush, and placed in hot water bath for women after confinement for pregnancy. Decoction for a febrifuge bath; in a diuretic tea. Infusion used for washing rashes, skin eruptions and smallpox in Surinam. Leaves are boiled, and the water drunk as an anti-menorrhagic, by the Guyana Patamona. Leaves are boiled, and the water used for washing the skin as a treatment for chicken pox or for measles, by the Guyana Patamona. Juice from macerated leaves is applied to persistent  sores  and  “bush-yaws”,  by  the  Guyana  Patamona.  Macerated  leaves  are  vigorously rubbed on skin as a treatment for rashes, by the Guyana Patamona. [Medicinal Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana)]

Crushed leaves used externally for hornet stings and to stop bleeding [Samoan Medicinal Plants]

389 Published articles of Mikania micrantha

Portulacaria afra, Elephant Bush

Portulacaria afra Jacq.
Family: Didiereaceae
Synonyms: Claytonia portulacaria (L.) L., Crassula portulacaria L. , Portulacaria afra f. macrophylla H.Jacobsen, Portulacaria afra f. microphylla H.Jacobsen, Portulacaria afra f. variegata H.Jacobsen, Portulacaria portulacaria (L.) Graebn.

Afrikaans: spekboom
Arabic: رجلة الصبار
Chinese: 樹馬齒莧
Finnish: Pensasportulakka
Persian: پورتولاکاریا افرا

Description: It is a soft-wooded, semi-evergreen upright shrub or small tree, usually 2.5–4.5 metres (8–15 ft) tall. Similar in appearance to the "jade plant" Crassula ovata (family Crassulaceae), P. afra has smaller and rounder pads and more compact growth (shorter internodal spaces, down to 1.5 mm). It is much hardier, faster growing, more loosely branched, and has more limber tapering branches than Crassula once established.

32 Published articles of Portulacaria afra

Cardiocrinum giganteum, Giant Lily

Cardiocrinum giganteum (Wall.) Makino
Family: Liliaceae
Synonyms: Cardiocrinum giganteum var. giganteum, Lilium cordifolium subsp. giganteum Baker, Lilium giganteum Wall.

Common name: Giant Lily
Chinese: 大百合
Finnish: Himalajanjättililja
Russian: lilija gigantskaja, лилия гигантская

Description: Bulbels 3.5-4 cm long, 1.2-2 cm wide. Stem erect, green, 1.5-3 m tall, 3-5 cm broad, hollow. Leaves on proximal 1/2 of stem larger, those on distal 1/2 much smaller, sometimes bractlike; petiole 15-20 cm; leaf blade ovate-cordate, 15-20 cm long, 12-15 cm wide. Raceme 10-16-flowered; bracts caducous. Tepals white or tinged with green, streaked with purple adaxially, greenish abaxially, linear-oblanceolate, 12-15 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, apex obtuse. Stamens 6.5-7.5 cm; filaments slightly widened toward base; anthers ca. 8 mm long, 2 mm wide. Ovary 2.5-3 cm long, 4-5 mm wide. Style 5-6 cm. Capsule subglobose, 3.5-4 cm in diameter; apex beaked. Seeds ovate-deltoid, 4-5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide.

Uses: Bulbs  diuretic,  tonic,  for  cough,  fever,  injuries.  Leaves applied  to  wounds  and  bruises,  fresh  leaves  pounded  and used as a cooling poultice. Root paste applied to treat dislocated bones. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants)

22 Published articles of Cardiocrinum giganteum

Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Madagascar widow's-thrill

• English: Madagascar widow's-thrill
• Arabic: ألماسة
• Bulgarian: Каланхое
• Chinese: 长寿花
• Danish: Koraltop
• Finnish: Tulilatva
• French: Kalanchoë des fleuristes
• German: Flammendes Kätchen, kalanchoe
• Japanese: ベニベンケイ
• Persian: کالانکوآ
• Russian: Каланхоэ Блоссфельда

Description: Kalanchoe blossfeldiana is a glabrous, bushy, evergreen and perennial succulent plant which (in 2–5 years) can reach an ultimate height of between 30–45 cm (12-18 in.) and an ultimate spread of between 10–50 cm (4-20 in.). K. blossfeldiana has a round habit and a moderate plant density; its growth rate has been described as 'slow'. The plant has green, shiny and textured glossy foliage which stays green all year round. The scallop-edged and ovate leaves leaves are arranged in an opposite/subopposite fashion, are simple in type with crenate margins and an oblong shape. The arrangement of the veins in a leaf (venation) can be absent or very hard to see; the leaf blades are 5–10 cm. (2-4 in.) long. K. blossfeldiana flowers in late autumn to early winter; each flower has four petals and can be one of a wide variety of colours, from the dark reds and pinks to oranges, golds and whites. The infloresences are born by peduncles which are higher up than the leaves and are terminal in nature.

272 Published articles of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana

Myrtus communis, True Myrtle, Gandhamalati, Vilayati mehndi

Myrtus communis L.
Family: Myrtaceae

Synonyms: M. acuta Mill., M. acutifolia (L.) Sennen & Teodoro, M. angustifolia Raf., M. augustini Sennen & Teodoro, M. aurantiifolia Grimwood, M. baetica (L.) Mill., M. baetica var. vidalii Sennen & Teodoro, M. baui Sennen & Teodoro, M. belgica (L.) Mill., M. borbonis Sennen, M. briquetii (Sennen & Teodoro) Sennen & Teodoro, M. christinae (Sennen & Teodoro) Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis var. acutifolia L., M. communis var. angustifolia L., M. communis var. baetica L., M. communis var. balearica Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis var. belgica L., M. communis var. christinae Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis subsp. communis , M. communis var. communis , M. communis var. eusebii Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis var. foucaudii Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis var. gervasii Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis var. grandifolia Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis var. italica (Mill.) Rouy & E.G.Camus, M. communis var. joussetii Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis var. lusitanica Rouy, M. communis var. mucronata L., M. communis subsp. mucronata Pers., M. communis var. neapolitana Sennen & Teodoro, M. communis var. romana L., M. eusebii (Sennen & Teodoro) Sennen & Teodoro, M. gervasii (Sennen & Teodoro) Sennen & Teodoro, M. italica Mill., M. italica var. briquetii Sennen & Teodoro, M. italica var. petri-ludovici Sennen & Teodoro, M. josephi Sennen & Teodoro, M. lanceolata Raf., M. latifolia Raf., M. littoralis Salisb., M. macrophylla J.St.-Hil., M. major Garsault [Invalid], M. media Hoffmanns., M. microphylla J.St.-Hil., M. minima Mill., M. minor Garsault [Invalid], M. mirifolia Sennen & Teodoro, M. oerstedeana O.Berg, M. petri-ludovici (Sennen & Teodoro) Sennen & Teodoro, M. rodesi Sennen & Teodoro, M. romana (L.) Hoffmanns., M. romanifolia J.St.-Hil., M. sparsifolia O.Berg, M. theodori Sennen, M. veneris Bubani, M. vidalii (Sennen & Teodoro) Sennen & Teodoro

• Common name: True Myrtle, Common myrtle, Greek myrtle, Swedish myrtle
• Albanian: Mersinë e rëndomtë
• Amharic: አደስ
• Arabic:  ريحان
• Armenian: Մրտենի , Մրտի
• Bengali: sutrsowa
• Bulgarian: Мирта
• Catalan: murta
• Chinese: 香桃木
• Czech: Myrta obecná
• Esperanto: Ordinara mirto
• Estonian: Harilik mülrt
• Finnish: Välimerenmyrtti
• French: Myrte commun
• German: Brautmyrte
• Hebrew: הדס
• Hindi: Baragasha, Murad, विलायती मेहेंदी Vilayati mehndi
• Hungarian: Mirtusz
• Japanese: ギンバイカ, マートル
• Kannada: murukulu gida
• Korean: 머틀
• Maltese: Riħan
• Marathi: firangimethi, murt
• Russian: мирт
• Sanskrit: गंधमालती Gandhamalati
• Spanish: Mirto
• Tamil: cativam, குழிநாவல் kulinaval, sadevam, tevam, tevamamaram
• Telugu: chitti jama
• Turkish: Sazak
• Urdu: aas, barg-e-maurid, burg madar

Description: Shrub, dense ramified,  twigs  in  young  stage  glandular-hairy.  Seeds  reniform curved with hard testa, 3.3-3.7 x 2.4-2.7 mm. Surface of the testa glossy, pale-yellow, central part greyish,  fine  reticulate-areolate.  2n  =  22.  Native to  southwestern  Europe  and  the  Mediterranean,  in scrubs,  usually  calcifuge,  rocky  slopes,  sand  dunes, in  areas  with  mild winters;  in  the Carpathians  rarely cultivated in gardens  and flowerpots.

Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Aromatic, astringent, dried leaves to relieve stomachache, also a remedy for apoplexy, cerebral affections; powdered leaves applied in eczema, wounds and ulcers. Leafy branches with flowers boiled and taken in the form of decoction in headache and stomach distress. Berries carminative, used in diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhage, rheumatism, a wash for fetid ulcers, a mouthwash in aphthae. Sacred, ritual, a symbol of youth, beauty and marriage, twigs placed on graves to symbolize the virtue of the dead. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]

The spicy leaves and berries are used fresh or dried for cooking like bay leaves. They have been added to stuffing and
wild game meats since ancient times. The fruits and flower buds flavor poultry, sauces, wines, liqueurs, and syrups. Dried flower­buds and fruit can be crushed like pepperorms and used as a spice. Fresh myrtle fruit juice has been drank as an appetizer (Stuart 1979), and a tart drink is made in Greece from the fermented fruits. Sprigs were formerly added to wine to increase its potency. An essential oil obtained from the leaves is mixed with other spices for use as a condiment. The oil is used in liqueurs and, in some countries, in flavoring sauces and canned meats . The oil was once employed in manufacturing eau d'ange. By itself, myrtle oil is somewhat bitter and sharp, but it blends well with other herb oils . Myrtle branches are burned to give a rich, spicy flavoring to meat roasting over an open fire. Fresh flowers were once added to salads . The oil is also used for non­culinary purposes. It has been valued in perfumery since antiquity. Its attractive scent has resulted in the use of myrtle in home­made cosmetic recipes . Oil from the flowers, leaves and berries serves to tan fine Turkish and Russian leathers . The bark and roots have also been employed for tanning . Myrtle has been traditionally grown as an aromatic ornamental and as an addition to triumphal garlands and bridal wreaths . The dried flowers are added to potpourris . In Europe the leaves of myrtle were once crushed and rubbed on furniture to give it a spicy scent . The berries were employed to dye hair and sweeten breath. The wood is hard, richly golden with dark brown mottling, producing distinctive patterns that are attractive in carved figurines commonly sold where the tree grows. In warm parts of the temperate world, myrtle is considered an ideal subject for hedges. It is one of the best of all herbs for the indoor garden, and provides beautiful specimens that can be moved out in summer to adorn patios or gardens. [increase its potency. An essential oil obtained from the leaves is mixed with other spices for use as a condiment .
The oil is used in liqueurs and, in some countries, in flavoring sauces and canned meats . The oil was once employed in manufacturing eau d'ange. By itself, myrtle oil is somewhat bitter and sharp, but it blends well with other herb oils . Myrtle branches are burned to give a rich, spicy flavoring to meat roasting over an open fire. Fresh flowers were once added to salads . The oil is also used for non­culinary purposes. It has been valued in perfumery since antiquity. Its attractive scent has resulted in the use of myrtle in home­made cosmetic recipes . Oil from the flowers, leaves and berries serves to tan fine Turkish and Russian leathers . The bark and roots have also been employed for tanning . Myrtle has been traditionally grown as an aromatic ornamental and as an addition to triumphal garlands and bridal wreaths . The dried flowers are added to potpourris . In Europe the leaves of myrtle were once crushed and rubbed on furniture to give it a spicy scent . The berries were employed to dye hair and sweeten breath. The wood is hard, richly golden with dark brown mottling, producing distinctive patterns that are attractive in carved figurines commonly sold where the tree grows. In warm parts of the temperate world, myrtle is considered an ideal subject for hedges. It is one of the best of all herbs for the indoor garden, and provides beautiful specimens that can be moved out in summer to adorn patios or gardens. [Culinary Herbs]

Gastric ulcer, digestive disorders, toothache, respiratory diseases, rheumatism [Ethnomedicinal Plants Revitalization of Traditional Knowledge of Herbs]

A  tea  prepared  from  Myrtus  communis  L. (Myrtaceae) leaves or the volatile oil, obtained from the  leaves  by  steam  distillation,  is  used  to  lower blood  glucose  level [Evaluation of Herbal Medicinal Products]

The leaf is used for condylomata, figs, whitlows, warts, figs, parotid tumors, cancer of the gums, ulcerated cancers, and polyps. Iranians make a hot poultice for boils from the plant. The oil, in plasters or unguents, is said to help indurations of the breast, condyloma of the genitals, and cancer. The berries and seed are said to cure tumors and uterine fibroids . An infusion or tincture of leaves is given for prolapsus and leucorrhoea, and for washing incisions and joints. It is also used to check night sweats of phthisis and for all types of pulmonary disorders. Unani direct smoke from the leaves onto hemorrhoids. Italians make a bolus of the leaves in turpentine for the same indication. Algerians recommend the leafy infusion for asthma. Unani use fruits for bronchitis, headache, and menorrhagia . They consider the fruits useful for the blood, brain, hair, and heart. North Africans use the dry flower buds for smallpox . Lebanese consider the plant binding and diuretic, believing it holds loose things in place — the bowels, the emotions, or the teeth. The EO and tincture have analgesic properties but not as strong as menthol and peppermint oil. Wine of myrtle corrects the bad odor and stimulates healing in offensive sores and ulcers, threatening gangrene . Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of leaves, roots, and stems are active against Gram (-) and Gram bacteria. [CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices]

280 Published articles of Myrtus communis

Rhodiola wallichiana

Rhodiola wallichiana (Hook.) S.H. Fu
Family: Crassulaceae
Synonyms: Rhodiola wallichiana var. wallichiana, Sedum asiaticum DC. , Sedum crassipes Wall. ex Hook. f. & Thomson, Sedum wallichianum Hook.

Chinese: 粗干景天, 粗茎红景天, 粗茎红景天大株变种, 豺帚
Finnish: Himalajanruusujuuri

Description: Perenial monoecious herb. Rhizome cylindrical, 4-20 cm long, 1.5-3 cm thick with scaly radical leaves on the apical part. Flowering stem 5-12 in each rosette, deciduous, simple, erect, glabrous, 13-30 cm high, 3-6 mm wide at anthesis. Cauline leaves remotely or irregularly crenulate in the upper half, but nearly entire in the lower half, obtuse, glabrous, linear to narrowly ovate, 7.5-30 x 1-6 mm. Inflorescence terminal, compact corymb, bracteate. Bract similar to the cauline leaves. Flowers bisexual, usually 5-merous, rarely 4 or 6-merous, hypogynous, pedicel 1-5 mm long. Calyx 4.5-8.5 x 1-1.7 mm, lobes basally connate, glabrous, entire, round, narrowly triangular to subulate. Petals glabrous, entire, obtuse, elliptic, boat-shaped, 5.5-11 x 1.5-2.5 mm. Stamens 8-12, slightly shorter or longer than the petals, in two whorls, basifixed, epipetalous 7-8 mm long, alternipetalous 7.5-12 mm long. Carpel 7-14 x 1-2 mm, style straight, 2-4 mm long, ovary 5-10 x 1-2 mm, ovules 26-36 per locule. Nectar scale oblong to broadly oblong, 0.8-1.2 x 0.6-0.8 mm. Follicles 7-14 x 1.5-2 mm. Seeds 26-36 per fruit, ellipsoidal, 1-2 x 0.3-0.7 mm.  

Tecoma castanifolia, Chestnut-leaf Trumpetbush

Tecoma castanifolia (D.Don) Melch.
Family: Bignoniaceae
Chestnut-leaf Trumpetbush

Shrub 4-5 m tall Evergreen; leaves opposite, usually simple, rarely with up to 3 leaflets, toothed, up to 12 cm long; flowers yellow, about 5 cm wide, in dense racemes or panicles. 

Tabebuia aurea, Poirier jaune, Caribbean trumpet-tree

 

Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook.f. ex S.Moore
Family: Bignoniaceae

Synonyms: Bignonia aurea Silva Manso, Bignonia squamellulosa DC., Couralia caraiba (Mart.) Corr.Méllo ex Stellfeld, Gelseminum caraiba (Mart.) Kuntze, Handroanthus caraiba (Mart.) Mattos, Handroanthus leucophloeus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos, Tabebuia argentea (Bureau & K.Schum.) Britton, Tabebuia caraiba (Mart.) Bureau, Tabebuia caraiba var. squamellulosa (A. DC.) Bur. & K. Schum., Tabebuia suberosa Rusby, Tecoma argentea Bureau & K.Schum., Tecoma aurea (Silva Manso) DC., Tecoma caraiba Mart., Tecoma caraiba var. grandiflora Hassl., Tecoma caraiba var. squamellulosa Bureau & K.Schum., Tecoma leucophlaeos Mart. ex DC., Tecoma squamellulosa DC., Tecoma trichocalycina DC.

English: Caribbean trumpet-tree
French: Poirier jaune
Thai: เหลืองปรีดียาธร
Vietnamese: Chuông vàng (cây)

Description:  This tree grows up to 15m tall. It is semi-deciduous, has a round crown, with thick and tortuous branches. Its bark is grey, thick, corky and fissured. Leaves are 5–15 by 2–7cm, opposite, and palmately compound. There are 5 elliptical leaflets that are coriaceous, covered with an indumentum of squamose trichomes. They have an obtuse apex, entire margin, and rounded base. The petiole is 5–7cm. Flowers are 8cm long, in groups of 40, tubular-campanulate, yellow, and very showy. The fruits are capsules, 8–15 by 1.5–2.5cm long and narrowly cylindrical, with a dense indumentum of squamose trichomes. Seeds are up to 4cm wide, flat, with two opposite membranous wings on each side. The tree flowers in June–August and fruits in August–September.

Uses: Bark: digestive, anti-inflammatory; for skin eruptions; decoction: febrifuge, anti-emetic Stem bark, infusion: abortifacient. Stem bark: uterine stimulant effect. Dried leaf. Cynaroside, luteolin,6-hydroxy, luteolin,6-hydroxy: 7-O-glucoside: flavone. [ Medicinal flora of Argentina]

22 Published articles of Tabebuia aurea

Magnolia champaca, Sambagam, Sampangi

 Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre
Family: Magnoliaceae
Synonyms: Champaca michelia Noronha, Magnolia champaca var. champaca, Magnolia membranacea P.Parm., Michelia aurantiaca Wall., Michelia blumei Steud., Michelia champaca L., Michelia champaca var. blumei Moritzi, Michelia euonymoides Burm.f., Michelia rheedei Wight, Michelia rufinervis DC., Michelia sericea Pers., Michelia suaveolens Pers., Sampacca euonymoides (Burm.f.) Kuntze, Sampacca suaveolens (Pers.) Kuntze.

• English: Champak tree
• Assamese: Tita-sopa
• Bengali: চম্পা Champa, স্বর্ণচাঁপা
• Chinese: 黄兰
• Common name: Champa, Golden Champa
• Finnish: Tuoksusampaka
• French: Champac
• Gujarati: Sachochampo
• Hindi: champaca, चम्पा Champa, सोन चम्पा Son champa
• Kannada: Sampige
• Konkani: Pudchampo
• Malayalam: ചമ്പകം
• Manipuri: লৈহাও Leihao
• Marathi: पिवळु चम्पा Pivalu Champa, सोनचाफा
• Nepali: अैाले चाँप Aule chaanp
• Oriya: Chompa
• Russian: Магнолия чампака
• Sanskrit: चम्पकः Champaka
• Sanskrit: चम्पकम्
• Tamil: Sambagam சண்பகம்
• Telugu: Sampangi సంపంగి
• Thai: จำปา
• Urdu: Champa چمپا
• Vietnamese: su nam, su ngoc lan, Hoàng ngọc lan

Description: Trees, buttressed, up to 30 m tall.
Trunk & Bark - Bark grey, lenticellate; blaze cream with orange speckles.
Branches and Branchlets - Branchlets terete with annular scars of caducous stipules, glabrous; apical bud covered by sericeous lanceolate stipules. Leaves - Leaves simple, alternate, spiral; petiole 1-3 cm long, stout and planoconvex in cross section; lamina 9.5-25 x 3.5-9 cm, elliptic-lanceolate, apex acuminate with twisted acumen, base acute to attenuate, margin slightly undulate, glabrous, chartaceous; midrib nearly flat above; secondary nerves 12-16 pairs; tertiary nerves closely and strongly reticulate.
Inflorescence / Flower - Flowers solitary, axillary, large, yellow, fragrant. Fruit and Seed - Follicles, warty, 2-3 cm long, arranged as spike, dehiscing dorsally; seeds 1, scarlet.

4 Published articles of  Magnolia champaca

Impatiens balsamina, Dushparijati, Mudda Gorinta

Impatiens balsamina L.
Family: Balsaminaceae

Synonyms: Balsamina angustifolia Blume, Balsamina balsamina (L.) Huth [Invalid], Balsamina coccinea (Sims) DC., Balsamina cornuta (L.) DC., Balsamina foeminea Gaertn., Balsamina hortensis Desp., Balsamina lacca Medik., Balsamina minutiflora Span., Balsamina mollis G.Don, Balsamina odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don, Balsamina racemosa Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don, Balsamina salicifolia Bojer ex Baker, Impatiens arcuata Benth., Impatiens balsamina var. corymbosa Santapau, Impatiens coccinea Sims, Impatiens cornuta L., Impatiens eriocarpa Launert, Impatiens lobbiana Turcz., Impatiens longifolia Wight, Impatiens malayensis Griff., Impatiens salicifolia Turcz., Impatiens sinensis Buch.-Ham. ex Benth., Impatiens stapfiana Gilg

Common name: Garden Balsam, Rose balsam, Spotted snapweed,

• Bengali: দোপাটি Dopati
• Chinese: 急性子
• Finnish: Mummonpalsami
• Gujarati: ગુલમેંદી Gulmendi
• Hindi: गुल मेहेंदी Gul-mehndi
• Kannada: ಕರ್ಣಮಮ್ಡಲ Karnamamdala
• Kashmiri: ततूर् Tatur
• Malayalam: തിലം ഓണപ്പു Thilam Oonappuu , Tilo-onapu
• Manipuri: Khujang lei
• Marathi: Chirdo, तेरडा Terada,
• Nepali: तिउरी Tiuree
• Oriya: Haragaura
• Russian: nedotroga bal'zaminovaja, недотрога бальзаминовая
• Sanskrit: दुष्परिजती Dushparijati, Tairini
• Tamil: காசித்தும்பை Kaci-t-tumpai, Aivartenkittumpai, Aivartyenki
• Telugu: ముద్ద గోరింత Mudda Gorinta , చిలకముక్కు పూవు Chilaka mukku puvvu, kaasithummi, Kasi tummi
• Urdu: مينہدي گل Gul-mehndi
• Vietnamese: cây bông móng tay

Description: Plants annual, 60-100 cm tall. Stem erect, robust, base ca. 8 mm in diam., succulent, simple or branched, glabrous or laxly pubescent when young, with many fibrous roots, lower nodes swollen. Leaves alternate, sometimes lowest ones opposite; petiole 1-3 cm, adaxially shallowly sulcate, both sides with few pairs of stipitate glands; leaf blade lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, or oblanceolate, 4-12 × 1.5-3 cm, with a pair of sessile black glands toward base, both surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent, lateral veins 4-7 pairs, base cuneate, margin deeply serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 1-flowered, or 2 or 3 flowers fascicled in leaf axils, without peduncles. Pedicels 2-2.5 cm, densely pubescent, bracteate at base; bracts linear. Flowers white, pink, or purple, simple or double petalous. Lateral sepals 2, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 mm. Lower sepal deeply navicular, 13-19 × 4-8 mm, pubescent, abruptly narrowed into an incurved spur; spur 1-2.5 cm, slender. Upper petal orbicular, apex retuse, mucronulate, abaxial midvein narrowly carinate; lateral united petals shortly clawed, 2.3-2.5 cm, 2-lobed; basal lobes obovate-oblong, small; distal lobes suborbicular, apically retuse; auricule narrow. Stamens 5; filaments linear; anthers ovoid, apex obtuse. Ovary fusiform, densely pubescent. Capsule broadly fusiform, 1-2 cm, densely tomentose, narrowed at both ends. Seeds many, black-brown, globose, 1.5-3 mm in diam., tuberculate.

Traditional Medicinal Uses: A lotion of fresh leaves is used to treat eczema, itches and insect bites. In Vietnam, decoctions of leaves are used to stimulate growth and to wash hair. The juice is also used for warts, cancer treatment and expectorant. A decoction of flowers is taken for infections, vomiting, urine retention and as a tonic. In India, flowers are regarded as cooling, tonic and useful when applied to burns and scalds. The flowers are also used for lumbago and intercostal neuralgia, snakebite, improves circulation and relieves stasis. In Japan, juice squeezed from the white flower petals are applied on the skin to alleviate dermatitis. In China, the seeds are prescribed for difficult labour, puerperal pains, difficult menstruation, cough, hiccups and poisonings. The seeds are mixed with arsenious acid for removing teeth. In Malaysia, the seeds are taken for gastrointestinal tract cancer, and to dislodge fish or chicken bones in throat.

100 Published articles of Impatiens balsamina

Kopsia fruticosa, Shrub Vinca, Dakur, Malakankopsia

Kopsia fruticosa (Roxb.) A.DC.
Family: Apocynaceae

• Common name: Shrub Vinca, Pink Kopsia, Pink Gardenia
• Bengali: Dakur
• Chinese: 红花蕊木
• Finnish: Malakankopsia

Description: Shrubs evergreen, to 4 m tall, glabrous except for inflorescences. Petiole ca. 1 cm; leaf blade narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, 10-23 X 2.5-9 cm, apex acute or obtusely caudate; lateral veins 10-15 pairs. Inflorescences few flowered, puberulent; peduncle to 1 cm; bracteoles to 1.5 mm, pubescent. Pedicel 5-7 mm. Sepals ovoid, 1.5-2.5 mm, pubescent, apex obtuse. Corolla pink, tube 3-5 cm, throat pubescent; lobes oblong, 1.5-2.5 cm. Disc scales sublinear, as long as or shorter than ovary. Ovary tomentose. Style 3-4 cm. Drupe ellipsoid, usually solitary, 1-seeded, to 2.5 X 2 cm, pubescent. 2n = 36. 

7 Published articles of Kopsia fruticosa

Ficus elastica, Rubber Tree, Figuier caoutchouc, Atabor

 

Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem.
Family: Moraceae

Synonyms: Ficus clusiifolia Summerh., Ficus cordata Kunth & C.D.Bouché, Ficus elastica var. belgica L.H.Bailey & E.Z.Bailey, Ficus elastica var. benghalensis Blume, Ficus elastica var. decora Guillaumin, Ficus elastica var. karet (Miq.) Miq., Ficus elastica var. minor Miq., Ficus elastica var. odorata (Miq.) Miq., Ficus elastica var. rubra L.H.Bailey & E.Z.Bailey, Ficus karet (Miq.) King, Ficus skytinodermis Summerh., Ficus taeda Kunth & C.D.Bouché, Macrophthalma elastica (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Gasp., Urostigma circumscissum Miq., Urostigma elasticum (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Miq., Urostigma karet Miq., Urostigma odoratum Miq., Visiania elastica (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Gasp.

• Common name: Rubber Tree, Rubber Plant, India Rubber Tree, Indian Rubber Bush
• Assamese: অথা বৰ Atha bor
• Catalan: Ficus del cautxú
• Chinese: 印度橡皮树, 印度榕
• Danish: Gummi-Figen
• Finnish: Kumiviikuna
• French: Figuier caoutchouc
• German: Gummibaum, Indischer Gummibaum
• Hindi: अटाबोर, atabor
• Japanese: インドゴムノキ
• Kannada: Goli, Goni, Shimeala, India rubber mara
• Khasi: Diengjri
• Malayalam: Shimayal, Simayal
• Marathi: रबराचो वड Rabracho-vad
• Persian: فیکوس
• Polish: Figowiec sprężysty
• Portuguese: Árvore-da-borracha
• Russian: Фикус каучуконосный
• Spanish: higuiera cauchera, cauchú comun
• Swedish: Fönsterfikus
• Tamil: சீமை ஆல் Seemai aal
• Telugu: Rabbaru, Sagubanka, Simamarri
• Turkish: Kauçuk ağacı
• Vietnamese: Đa búp đỏ

Description: Trees, 20-30 m tall, d.b.h. 25-40 cm, epiphytic when young. Bark pale gray, smooth. Branchlets strong. Stipules dark red, ca. 10 cm, membranous; scar conspicuous. Petiole robust, 2-5 cm; leaf blade oblong to elliptic, 8-30 × 7-10 cm, thickly leathery, abaxially pale green, adaxially dark green and shiny, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex acute; secondary veins many, closely parallel, inconspicuous. Figs axillary on leafless branchlets, paired, yellowish green, ovoid-ellipsoid, ca. 10 × 5-8 mm, subsessile; involucral bracts hoodlike, caducous, scar conspicuous. Male, gall, and female flowers within same fig. Male flowers: scattered among other flowers, pedicellate; calyx lobes 4, ovate; stamen 1; filament absent; anther ovoid-ellipsoid. Gall flowers: sepals 4; ovary ovoid, smooth; style subapical, curved. Female flowers: sessile; style persistent, long; stigma enlarged, ± capitate. Achenes ovoid, tuberculate. Fl. winter.

Uses: Leaves and stem bark antibacterial, antiinflammatory, poultice applied on new and old wounds; Ficus elastica stipules poultice with leaves of Moringa oleifera applied on eruptive  skin  diseases.  Veterinary  medicine,  promoting  the  reproduction. Fruits as fish poison. Latex used for catching birds.  Ceremonial, worship tree, rain making through sacrifices in the sacred forest.  [CRC World Dictionary of  Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]

154 Published articles of Ficus elastica