Catesbaea spinosa, Lily Thorn

Catesbaea spinosa L.
Family: Rubiaceae

Common name: Lily Thorn

Lily Thorn is a small spiny shrub, with spines in leaf-axils, straight 1.5-3 cm long; bark corky. Leaves are 10-25 x 4-8 mm, opposite, entire, obovate, tipped with a short, abrupt point, leaf-stalk about 1.5 mm long. Flowers are about 10 cm long and 4-5 cm across, white or yellowish, on flower-stalks about 2 mm long, with red dots. Sepals are 4, tapering to a fine point. Flower-tube is drooping, 7-10 cm long, glandular hairy inside; petals 4, about 2 x 1 cm. Stamens are 4-5, inserted at the base of flower; anthers about 1.2 cm long. Ovary is 2-loculed; style long protruding, branched into 2 stigmatic lobes. Fruit is a berry, about 5 cm long, yellow, edible. Lily Thorn is indigenous to West Indies, occasionally cultivated in India. Flowering: June-August

 

I did not find any published articles of this plant. 

 

Alstonia scholaris, Saptaparni, Edakula chettu, Devil tree, Dita, pur vok koong, basong, gite

Alstonia scholaris  (Llnn.) R. Br.
Family: Apocynaceae

• Sanskrit : Saptacchada, Saptaparni
• Assamese : Chatiyan
• Bengali : Chatin, ছাতিম, Chatwan,
• Chinese: 九度叶
• English : Devil tree, Dita
• Gujrati   : Saptaparna, સપ્તપર્ણી, Satvana
• Hindi     : Chhativan, Satawana, Shaitan ka jat शैतान का झाड़
• Kannada : Maddale, Hale, Eleyalaga,
• Kashmiri : Kath
• Malayalam : Daivaphal, Ezilampala, ഏഴിലം‌പാല
• Marathi : Satveen सातविण
• Oriya    : Chbatiana, Chatiana
• Punjabi : Sathi, Satanna
• Tamil    : Ezilampalai, ஏழிலைப்பாலை, Mukkampalai முகும்பலை
• Telugu   : Edaakula Ponna, ఏడాకుల చెట్టు
• French: arbre à lait
• Burma (Myanmar): lettok, taung meok
• China: tang jiao shu, xiang pi mu
• Indonesia: njau lutungpulai, pule, rite
• Lepcha: pur vok koong
• Malayan  names:  basong,  geceh,  kacau  gitik,  petai  agong, pulai, pulai basong, rejang, rutih
• Nepal: chatiwan, chhatiwan, chition, palimara
• Papua New Guinea: budo, herina, hibom, jijima, kambu, kambuu, katung, puto, sipuel, watsil, zopang
• Philippines:  alipauen,  alipauin,  andarayan,  dalipaoen, dalipauen, dilupaon, dirita, dita, lipauen, tanitan
• Sarawak: gite, pelai
• Thailand: gah bo, hassaban, sattaban, tin pet
• Tibet: lo ma bdun
• Vietnam: co tin pat, may man, mo cua, m[of] cua, mua cua, sura, s[uwx]a, Hoa sữa

Ayurvedic uses: sula, Gulma, Jvara, Krimiroga, Kustha, Saandrameha (API, Volume-1)

Antimalarial, hypotensive, anthelmintic (Medicinal Plants Kerala Ag Uni)

Bark—febrifuge, antiperiodic, spasmolytic, antidysenteric, uterine stimulant, hypotensive; used for internal fevers. [Indian Medicinal Plants  as Illustrated Dictionary]

Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Indole alkaloids from the leaves, stem and bark. Molluscicidal, anthelmintic, cytotoxic, antiseptic, tonic, antibacterial, bronchodilatory, emmenagogue, antidysenteric, astringent, anticholeric and vulnerary. Raw leaf juice applied to kill head lice; roots insect repellent. Bark and leaves used to treat headache, influenza, diarrhea, dysentery, bronchitis, arthritis, fever and pneumonia; leaves and bark decoction given in dysentery. Bark bitter, febrifuge, tonic, antidote, antiperiodic, used in malaria and diarrhea, dysentery, rheumatism, snakebite, cold and bronchitis; dry powdered bark with bark of Tabernaemontana divaricata given in consumptive fever; bark paste applied for skin diseases and chest pain; bark extract with Cuscuta reflexa and bark of Rhamnus napalensis given to kill intestinal worms; bark decoction drunk to treat genital troubles in men; bark decoction with bark of Flacourtia jangomas, seeds of Luffa aegyptiaca and rootstock of Momordica cochinchinensis given in asthma; powdered stem bark with cow milk given in gonorrhea; infusion of bark and leaves of Mallotus roxburghianus with bark of Alstonia scholaris drunk for hypertension. Latex applied to ulcers, ulceration of mouth, open sores, rheumatic pains; gum taken with sugar for dysentery. Bark sap said to induce abortion; sap mixed with hot water and the suspension drunk to treat malaria; leaves chewed as an oral contraceptive. Seeds pounded with ginger and applied on painful swelling of scrotum. Ceremonial, plant very sacred, worship tree, abode of spirits, stone-gods consecrate on the bottom of the trunks; rain-making through sacrifices in the sacred forest; leafy branch held in hand at the time of religious ceremonies; the souls of forefathers supposed to take rest on this tree after the death. Veterinary medicine, crushed leaves juice applied or dropped on wounds and sores, leaves and bark decoction given in dysentery; crushed stem bark given to cure diarrhea. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
The bark is  useful in fevers,  malaria fever,  diarrhoea,  dyspepsia,  leprosy, skin  diseases,  foul  ulcer  and  asthma. [Herbal Cures: Traditional Approach]

Bark: in colic pain; Some Parts of India plant is used in the treatment of leprosy; Twig: hung in the room of the newly confined woman to lessen the activities of evil spirit on the new born. Atharva Veda: preventive and curative of diseases caused by change of season. Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita: good for headache, sores, and some other diseases; Ayurveda: the following uses are recommended: 

Bark: dermal sores, ragging fever, discharge of sperm with urine,  hiccup,  insufficiency  in breast milk,  gout,  cold congestion, dyspepsia; 2.  Latex: caries, pimple, pyorrhoea; 3.  Flower: asthma, respiratory troubles. Unani: Ingredient of 'Kashim'. Homoeopathy:  Malarial  fever,  anaemia,  indigestion, general debility and other stomach ailments. Modern  Use:  Bark: known in commerce as Dita Bark and is used in medicine as bitter, febrifuge and astringent, in treatment of malarial fever, chronic dysentery, diarrhoea and in snake bite; Milky juice: applied to ulcers. [Horticultural, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants]

In Cambodia, the bark is used to promote menses and to treat chronic paludism with the enlargement of the spleen and liver discomfort. In Indonesia, the plant is used to stop diarrhea, treat diabetes and heal hemorrhoids. An infusion of the young leaves is drunk to treat beriberi. The leaf tips roasted with coconut are used to treat stomatitis. In Malaysia, the plant is used to treat malaria. The latex is used to assuage toothache. A decoction of the bark is drunk to combat fever, invigorate the body, stimulate appetite, and treat yaws. In Burma, the latex is used to heal ulcers. In India, the bark is used to promote milk secretion and to treat cancer. In the Philippines, the plant is used internally to combat fever, stop dysentry, heal wounds, and treat epilepsy. In Vietnam, the bark is used to treat chronic malaria with enlarged spleen, while the leaves are used to promote milk secretion. The bark of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. has been used in Western medicine (British Pharmacopoeia,1914) as an antimalarial drug. [Medicinal Plants: Drugs For The Future? ]

Dita is used in many Asian countries as a folk remedy for malaria and fever. Reports conflict on the value of the plant as an anti-malarial, with some researchers churning that an extract from the bark does not have any effect on malaria parasites in vitro. It is possible that reports of cures for malaria were made on the basis of temporary recovery from fever since dita’s alkaloids do have a depressant action on medullary centers - tins action can bring down fever. [Philipnine Medicinal Plants in Common use: Their Phytochemistry & Pharmacology]

138 Published articles of Alstonia scholaris

Desmodium heterocarpon

Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC.
Family: Leguminosae

Synonyms: Desmodium buergeri Miq., Desmodium buergeri var. patulepilosum Ohwi, Desmodium heterocarpon var. buergeri (Miq.) Hosok., Desmodium heterocarpon var. heterocarpon, Desmodium heterocarpon subsp. heterocarpon, Desmodium heterocarpon var. patulepilosum (Ohwi) Ohwi, Desmodium heterocarpum (L.) DC. [Spelling variant], Desmodium heterophyllum var. buergeri (Miq.) Hosok., Desmodium ovalifolium (Prain) Wallich ex Ridley, Desmodium polycarpum sensu R.O.Williams, Desmodium polycarpum (Poir.) DC., Desmodium polycarpum var. ovalifolium Prain, Desmodium polycarpum var. trichocaulon (DC.) Baker, Desmodium toppinii Schindl., Hedysarum heterocarpon L., Hedysarum polycarpum Poir., Hedysarum siliquosum Burm.f., Meibomia buergeri (Miq.) Kuntze, Meibomia heterocarpa (L.) Kuntze

Common name: Asian Tick Trefoil, Carpon Desmodium, Asian ticktrefoil

• Marathi: जांभळी दशमी Jambhli Dashmi
• Chinese: 山地豆
• French: Collant
• Cambodia: baay dâm’nnaëp
• China: jia di dou
• India:  adavi  vehinta,  baephol,  cepputatta,  cheppu  tatta, chepputatta, krishnupani, mohini, piribut, salaparni, salpani
• Indonesia: akar entimor, buntut meyong sisir, kaci
• Japan: hai-shiba-hagi
• Malaysia:  kacang  kayu  betina,  kachang  kaya  betina,
• kalumbar, katumbar, rumput kerbau derapah
• Nepal: ban gahat, chara pipi, dampate
• Philippines: huyo-huyop, mangkit-parang, mani-mani
• Vietnam: tra[n]g qu’a di qu’a

Description: Perennial, Shrubs, Herbs, Stems woody below, or from woody crown or caudex, Taproot present, Nodules present, Stems erect or ascend ing, Stems or branches arching, spreading or decumbent, Stems less than 1 m tall, Stems 1-2 m tall, Stems solid, Stems or young twigs sparsely to densely hairy, Stem hairs hispid to villous, Leaves alternate, Leaves petiolate, Stipules inconspicuous, absent, or caducous, Stipules green, triangulate to lanceolate or foliaceous, Stipules deciduous, Stipules free, Leaves compound, Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate, Leaves odd pinnate, Leaf or leaflet margins entire, Leaflets opposite, Stipels present at base of leaflets, Leaflets 3, Leaves hairy on one or both surfaces, Leaves coriaceous, Inflorescences racemes, Inflorescence axillary, Inflorescence terminal, Bracts very small, absent or caducous, Bracteoles present, Flowers zygomorphic, Calyx 2-lipped or 2-lobed, Calyx hairy, Petals separate, Corolla papilionaceous, Petals clawed, Petals pinkish to rose, Petals red, Petals blue, lavander to purple, or violet, Banner petal ovoid or obovate, Wing petals narrow, oblanceolate to oblo ng, Wing tips obtuse or rounded, Keel tips obtuse or rounded, not beaked, Stamens 9-10, Stamens diadelphous, 9 united, 1 free, Filaments glabrous, Style terete, Fruit a loment, jointed, separating into articles, Fruit unilocular, Fruit indehiscent, Fruit elongate, straight, Fruit exserted from calyx, Fruit compressed between seeds, Fruit hairy, Fruit 3-10 seeded, Seeds ovoid to rounded in outline, Seeds reniform, Seeds subquadrate, Seed surface smooth, Seeds olive, brown, or black.

Used in Ayurveda. The whole plant is used as medicine for reducing fever, and for treating cough, contusions and strains, fainting and convulsion. Flower buds for blood dysentery. Root powder mixed with root powder of Pouzolzia zeylanica given for indigestion. Leaf juice applied to treat itching. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
 

Published articles of Desmodium heterocarpon