Wednesday, June 21, 2017

Centaurium erythraea, centaury, Marktusindgylden, rohtosappi, Echt duizendguldenkruid, ასისთავა, Аууондархуыз, Золототысячник обыкновенный



Centaurium erythraea Rafn
Family:Gentianaceae

Synonyms: Centaurella dichotoma Delarbre, Centaurium capitatum (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Borbás, Centaurium centaurium (L.) W.Wight ex Piper Centaurium corymbosum (Dulac) Druce, Centaurium erythraea subsp. austriacum (Ronniger ex Fritsch) Kožuharov & Petrova, Centaurium erythraea subsp. austriacum Ronniger, Centaurium erythraea var. capitatum (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Melderis, Centaurium erythraea var. fasciculare (Duby) Ubsdell, Centaurium erythraea var. laxum (Boiss.) Mouterde ex Charpin & Greuter, Centaurium erythraea var. masclansii O.Bolòs & Vigo, Centaurium erythraea var. subcapitatum (Corb.) Ubsdell, Centaurium erythraea var. sublitorale (Wheldon & Salmon) Ubsdell, Centaurium latifolium (Sm.) Druce, Centaurium lomae (Gilg) Druce, Centaurium minus Garsault Centaurium minus Moench, Centaurium minus var. austriacum (Ronniger ex Fritsch) Soó, Centaurium minus subsp. austriacum (Ronniger) O. Schwarz, Centaurium minus var. transiens (Wittr.) Soó, Centaurium umbellatum Gilib. Centaurium umbellatum f. album Sigunov, Centaurium umbellatum subsp. austriacum Ronniger ex Fritsch, Centaurium umbellatum subsp. austriacum Ronniger, Chironia centaurium (L.) F.W.Schmidt, Chironia centaurium var. fascicularis Duby, Erythraea capitata Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Erythraea centaurium (L.) Pers., Erythraea centaurium (L.) Borkh., Erythraea centaurium var. acutiflora Boiss., Erythraea centaurium var. grandiflora Griseb., Erythraea centaurium f. itatiaiaensis Dusén, Erythraea centaurium var. laxa Boiss., Erythraea centaurium var. subcapitata Corb., Erythraea centaurium var. sublitoralis Wheldon & Salmon, Erythraea centaurium var. transiens Wittr., Erythraea corymbosa Dulac, Erythraea germanica Hoffmanns. & Link, Erythraea latifolia Sm., Erythraea lomae Gilg, Erythraea rhodensis Boiss. & Reut., Erythraea shuttleworthiana Rouy, Erythraea vulgaris Gray, Gentiana centaurium L., Gentiana gerardii F.W.Schmidt, Gentiana palustris Lam., Gonipia linearis Raf., Hippocentaurea centaurium Schult., Libadion variabile Bubani.
  • Common name: Common centaury
  • Azerbaijani: Kiçik qızılçətir
  • Balgarian: Червен кантарион
  • Bashkir: Һарыгүҙ
  • Chinese: 日本鬼燈檠
  • Croatian:Štitasta kičica
  • Czech: Zeměžluč okolíkatá
  • Danish: Marktusindgylden
  • Finnish: rohtosappi
  • French: Erythrée
  • Georgian: ასისთავა
  • German: Echt duizendguldenkruid
  • Hungarian: Kis ezerjófű
  • Kazakh: Шатырша толғақшөп
  • Latin: Herba Centaurii Minoris
  • Latvian: Čemuru augstiņš
  • Lithuanian: Skėtinė širdažolė
  • Ossetic: Аууондархуыз
  • Persian: قنطوریون صغیر
  • Portuguese: Fel-da-terra
  • Romanian: fierea pămîntului
  • Romanian: Țintaură
  • Russian: Золототысячник обыкновенный
  • Samogitian: Šėrdažuolė
  • Serbian: Кичица
  • Sloenian: Navadna tavžentroža
  • Slovak: Zemežlč menšia
  • Swedish: tusengyllenört
Description: This is an erect biennial herb which reaches half a meter in height. It grows from a small basal rosette and bolts a leafy, erect stem which may branch. The triangular leaves are arranged oppositely on the stem and the erect inflorescences emerge from the stem and grow parallel to it, sometimes tangling with the foliage. Each inflorescence may contain many flowers. The petite flower is pinkish-lavender and about a centimeter across, flat-faced with yellow anthers. The fruit is a cylindrical capsule.

Cholagogue,  diaphoretic,  digestive,  emetic,  febrifuge,  stomachic, tonic, bitter; applied to wounds and sores. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]

In  dyspepsia.  Also  jaundice,  together  with  Bayberry  bark.  Three  or  four wineglass doses daily of the 1 ounce to 1 pint infusion. [Herbal Manual]

Centaury is reputed to act as a bitter, aromatic and stomachic. Traditionally, it has been used for anorexia and dyspepsia.[Herbal Medicines 3rd Ed.]

Centaury is used for disorders of the upper digestive tract, mainly dyspepsia. It is also used in anorexia and has reported anti-inflammatory activity. It should not be taken by patients with peptic ulceration. [Stockley's Herbal Medicines Interactions]

Centaury may  be used whenever  a  digestive and  gastric  stimulant  is  needed.  It  is  indicated  primarily for appetite loss (anorexia) associated  with liver  weakness. Centaury is helpful in  dyspepsia  and  any  other  condition involving sluggish  digestion. [Medical Hrebalism - The Science and Practice of Herbal Medicine]

105 Published articles of Centaurium erythraea

1.    Cinnamic acid is a precursor of benzoic acids in cell cultures of Hypericum androsaemum L. but not in cell cultures of Centaurium erythraea RAFN Abd El-Mawla, A.M.A., W. Schmidt, and L. Beerhues, Planta, 2001. 212(2): p. 288-293.
2.    Analysis of iridoids, s.a.x.i.C.e., Frasera caroliniensis and Gentiana lutea using LC-MS and RP-HPLC Aberham, Anita, et al., Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2011. 54(3): p. 517-525.
3.    Evaluation of the wound healing activity of Buxus sempervirens L. and Centaurium erythraea (L.) Rafn. by using in vivo and in vitro Methods Akkol, K.E., et al., Planta Medica, 2013. 79(13): p. 1155-1155.
4.    CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM Aquino, R., et al., Bollettino Societa Italiana Biologia Sperimentale, 1985. 61(2): p. 165-170.
5.    HORMONAL-CONTROL OF MORPHOGENESIS IN LEAF SEGMENTS OF CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA Baresova, H., et al., Biologia Plantarum, 1985. 27(4-5): p. 286-291.
6.    Light induced somatic embryogenesis in suspension cultures of Centaurium erythraea Baresova, H. and M. Kaminek, Plant tissue and cell culture application to crop improvement, 1984: p. 163-164.
7.    3-hydroxybenzoate:coenzyme a ligase and 4-coumarate: Coenzyme A ligase from cultured cells of Centaurium erythraea Barillas, W. and L. Beerhues, Planta, 1997. 202(1): p. 112-116.
8.    3-hydroxybenzoate : coenzyme A ligase from cell cultures of Centaurium erythraea: Isolation and characterization Barillas, W. and L. Beerhues, Biological Chemistry, 2000. 381(2): p. 155-160.
9.    Die Stellung der Samenanlagen am Karpell bei Asclepias syriaca, C.v.u.E.c.O.B., Hermine, Bot Zeitschr, 1948. 95((3)): p. 251-256.
10.    Constitutive and elicitor-induced xanthones in cell cultures of Centaurium erythraea and Centarium littorale Beerhues, L., Planta Medica, 1993. 59(7 SUPPL.): p. A587-A587.
11.    Constitutive and elicitor-induced xanthones in cell cultures of Centaurium erythraea and Centaurium littorale Beerhues, L., in Acta Horticulturae, M. Geibel, D. Treutter, and W. Feucht, Editors. 1994. p. 250-256.
12.    Benzophenone synthase from cultured cells of Centaurium erythraea Beerhues, L., Febs Letters, 1996. 383(3): p. 264-266.
13.    DIFFERENTIAL ACCUMULATION OF XANTHONES IN METHYL-JASMONATE-TREATED AND YEAST-EXTRACT-TREATED CELL-CULTURES OF CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA AND CENTAURIUM-LITTORALE Beerhues, L. and U. Berger, Planta, 1995. 197(4): p. 608-612.
14.    TRITERPENOIDS OF CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA Bellavit.V, Schiaffe.F, and T. Mezzetti, Phytochemistry, 1974. 13(1): p. 289-290.
15.    Anatomical studies of in vitro regeneration of Centaurium erythraea from leaf segments. 2. Early phases of regeneration on kinetin containing media Benes, K., Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Brno, A (Facultas Agronomica), 1985. 33(3): p. 417-421.
16.    ANTIINFLAMMATORY, A., AND ANTIPYRETIC EFFECTS OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM Berkan, T., et al., Planta Medica, 1991. 57(1): p. 34-37.
17.    Alkaloids of Erythraea centaurium Pers. growing in Egypt. 1. Isolation of gentianine Bishay, D.W., W.H. Shelver, and S.K.W. Khalil, Planta Medica, 1978. 33(4): p. 422-423.
18.    ALKALOIDS OF ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM-PERS GROWING IN EGYPT .1. ISOLATION OF GENTIANINE Bishay, D.W., W.H. Shelver, and S.K.W. Khalil, Planta Medica, 1978. 33(4): p. 422-423.
19.    In vitro culture type and elicitation affects secoiridoid and xanthone LC-ESI-TOF MS profile and production in Centaurium erythraea Boroduske, A., et al., Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2016. 126(3): p. 567-571.
20.    Estudo fitoquímico de Erythraea centaurium, J.c., Remijia ferruginea e Solanum paniculatum visando identificar marcadores químicos para o fitoterápico Ierobina® Braga, F. C., et al., Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2003. 13(suppl 2): p. 28-31.
21.    Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in herbaceous Centaurium erythraea affected by various sources of environmental pollution Brudzinska-Kosior, A., et al., Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part a-Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering, 2015. 50(13): p. 1369-1375.
22.    Metal contents in Centaurium erythraea and its biometry at various levels of environmental pollution Brudzinska-Kosior, A., et al., Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2012. 80: p. 349-354.
23.    Un cas de polyembryonie chez une Gentianacee, l.E.c.P.C., Pierre, Bull Soc Bot France, 1949. 96((4/6)): p. 113-115.
24.    The impact of habitat fragmentation on the interaction between Centaurium erythraea (Gentianaceae) and its specialized seed predator Stenoptilia zophodactylus (Pterophoridae, L.D.C., Eske, R. Brys, and M. Hoffmann, Ecological Research, 2012. 27(5): p. 967-974.
25.    Centaurium erythraea methanol extract protects red blood cells from oxidative damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Dordevic, M., et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017. 202: p. 172-183.
26.    Plant regeneration in leaf culture of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Part 1: The role of antioxidant enzymes Filipovic, B.K., et al., Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2015. 121(3): p. 703-719.
27.    Ecology of spreading bellflower (Campanula patula) and common centaury (Centaurium erythraea) in northwest German mesotrophic grassland Fleischer, K., M. Streitberger, and T. Fartmann, Tuexenia, 2010(30): p. 209-229.
28.    capillary prod. for treating the hair and scalp|obtd. by soaking in e.g. polyethylene fatty alcohol ether(s), a.u.a.p.i., antiinflammatory and anti-ageing agents Greff, D. and D. Fontanel. Sederma Sa; Fontanel D.
29.    Experimental diuretic effects of Rosmarinus officinalis and Centaurium erythraea Haloui, M., et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2000. 71(3): p. 465-472.
30.    Effect of Centaurium erythraea Rafn, A.h.-a.A.a.T.f.-g.L.o.l.f.a.i.C.L.J.m.w.h.-f.d.-i.t.d., et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2015. 171: p. 4-11.
31.    MONOHYDROXY TEREPHTHALIC AND 2, -.D.T.A., 2 UNUSUAL PHENOLICS ISOLATED FROM CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA AND IDENTIFIED IN OTHER GENTIANACEAE MEMBERS Hatjimanoli, M., et al., Journal of Natural Products, 1988. 51(5): p. 977-980.
32.    STUDY ON CENTAURIUM-UMBELLATUM-GIL (ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM PERS) .1. IDENTIFICATION OF EIGHT PHENOL ACIDS Hatzimanoli, M. and A.M. Debelmas, Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises, 1977. 35(1-2): p. 74-74.
33.    STUDY ON CENTAURIUM-UMBELLATUM GIL (ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM PERS) .1. IDENTIFICATION OF 10 PHENOL ACIDS Hatzimanoli, M. and A.M. Debelmas, Semaine Des Hopitaux Therapeutique, 1977. 53(3): p. 199-199.
34.    Comparative investigation of secoiridoid compounds of Centaurium erythraea grown in nature and cultured in vitro Jankovic, T., et al., Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Letters, 1998. 8(1): p. 30-32.
35.    Xanthones and secoiridoids from hairy root cultures of Centaurium erythraea and C-pulchellum Jankovic, T., et al., Planta Medica, 2002. 68(10): p. 944-946.
36.    Volatile Organic Compounds from Centaurium erythraea Rafn (Croatia) and the Antimicrobial Potential of Its Essential Oil Jerkovic, I., et al., Molecules, 2012. 17(2): p. 2058-2072.
37.    Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Centaurium erythraea Rafn (Gentianaceae) From Serbia Jovanovic, O., et al., Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2009. 21(4): p. 317-322.
38.    POLYOXYGENATED XANTHONES FROM CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA ROOTS Kaouadji, M., I. Vaillant, and A.M. Mariotte, Journal of Natural Products, 1986. 49(2): p. 359-359.
39.    Bioactivity of secoiridoid glycosides from Centaurium erythraea Kumarasamy, Y., et al., Phytomedicine, 2003. 10(4): p. 344-347.
40.    Bioactivity of gentiopicroside from the aerial parts of Centaurium erythraea Kumarasamy, Y., L. Nahar, and S.D. Sarker, Fitoterapia, 2003. 74(1-2): p. 151-154.
41.    *DIE KULTUR VON ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM (L) PERS Loos, W., Arzneimittel-Forschung-Drug Research, 1952. 2(2): p. 90-91.
42.    Cultivation of Centaurium erythraea Raf Mackova, A., Nase Liecive Rastliny, 1987. 24(5): p. 129-134.
43.    SMALL-PLOT CULTIVATION OF COMMON CENTAURY CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA RAF. GENTIANACEAE IN EAST SLOVAKIA CZECHOSLOVAKIA Mackova, A., Herba Hungarica, 1988. 27(2-3): p. 67-74.
44.    Effects of simazine and pronamide on development and secoiridoid glucosides in common centaury (Centaurium erythraea Raf.) Mackova, A., Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 1993. 1(4): p. 3-9.
45.    Purification of bioactive compounds from Centaurium erythraea by conventional and new generation designed Centrifugal Partition Chromatography column Mandova, T., S. Michel, and R. Grougnet, Planta medica, 2016. 81(S 01): p. S1-S381.
46.    Evaluation of anti-hyperglycemic activity and side effects of Erythraea centaurium (L.) Pers. in rats Mansar-Benhamza, L., Z. Djerrou, and Y.H. Pacha, African Journal of Biotechnology, 2013. 12(50): p. 6980-6985.
47.    Minor alkaloids of Erythraea centaurium gentianine. gentianidine, g.M., N. and S. Popov, C R Acad Bulg Sci, 1967. 20((5)): p. 441-444.
48.    PHENOLIC SUBSTANCES IN TISSUE-CULTURES OF CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA Meravy, L., Biologia Plantarum, 1987. 29(2): p. 81-87.
49.    PHENOLIC SUBSTANCES IN THE CELL-SUSPENSION CULTURE OF CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA Meravy, L., Biologia Plantarum, 1987. 29(4): p. 247-252.
50.    Genetic Transformation of Centaurium erythraea with AtCKX1 and AtCKX2 Genes Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens Milana, T., et al., In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal, 2010. 46: p. S170-S171.
51.    Hepatoprotective activity of Centaurium erythraea on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats Mohamad, M., S. Yolande, and R. Raed, Phytotherapy Research, 2004. 18(5): p. 431-433.
52.    Hepatoprotective activity of Centaurium erythraea on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats Mroueh, M., Y. Saab, and R. Rizkallah, Phytotherapy Research, 2004. 18(5): p. 431-433.
53.    THE NEW XANTHONE COMPOUNDS OF CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA .4 Neshta, N.M., V.I. Glysin, and A.V. Patudin, Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, 1984(1): p. 110-110.
54.    NEW XANTHONE COMPOUND FROM CENTAURIUM-ERITHRAEA .3 Neshta, N.M., et al., Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, 1983(6): p. 787-787.
55.    A NEW XANTHONE COMPOUND FROM CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA Neshta, N.M., et al., Chemistry of Natural Compounds (English Translation of Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii), 1983. 19(1): p. 105-105.
56.    A NEW XANTHONE COMPOUND FROM CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA 4 Neshta, N.M., V.I. Glyzin, and A.V. Patudin, Chemistry of Natural Compounds (English Translation of Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii), 1984. 20(1): p. 108-108.
57.    A NEW XANTHONE COMPOUND FROM CENTAURIUM-ERYTHRAEA 3 Neshta, N.M., et al., Chemistry of Natural Compounds (English Translation of Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii), 1983. 19(6): p. 750-751.
58.    Quantitative determination of swertiamarin and gentiopicroside in Centaurium erythrea and C-turcicum by densitometry NikolovaDamyanova, B. and N. Handjieva, Phytochemical Analysis, 1996. 7(3): p. 140-142.
59.    A BIOCHEMICAL STUDY ON THE PROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF Centaurium erythraea L. IN RATS AT ACUTE ASPIRIN EXPOSURE Ozkol, H., et al., Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2011. 20(10A): p. 2699-2703.
60.    Regioselective oxidative phenol couplings of 2, 4,6-tetrahydroxybenzophenone in cell cultures of Centaurium erythraea RAFN and Hypericum androsaemum L Peters, S., W. Schmidt, and L. Beerhues, Planta, 1998. 204(1): p. 64-69.
61.    Mist trickling bioreactor for Centaurium erythraea Rafn growth of shoots and production of secoiridoids Piatczak, E., A. Chmiel, and H. Wysokinska, Biotechnology Letters, 2005. 27(10): p. 721-724.
62.    Genetic transformation of Centaurium erythraea Rafn by Agrobacterium rhizogenes and the production of secoiridoids Piatczak, E., A. Krolicka, and H. Wysokinska, Plant Cell Reports, 2006. 25(12): p. 1308-1315.
63.    MORPHOLOGY, S.C.A.R.A.O.P.R.F.C.O.C.E.R.P., Ewelina, A. Krolicka, and H. Wysokinska, Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 2011. 53(2): p. 79-86.
64.    Liquid culture system for shoot multiplication and secoiridoid production in micropropagated plants of Centaurium erythraea Rafn Piatczak, E., M. Wielanek, and H. Wysokinska, Plant Science, 2005. 168(2): p. 431-437.
65.    In vitro regeneration of Centaurium erythraea Rafn from shoot tips and other seedling explants Piatczak, E. and H. Wysokinska, Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 2003. 72(4): p. 283-288.
66.    ENCAPSULATION OF CENTAURIUM ERYTHRAEA RAFN - AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR REGENERATION OF TRANSGENIC PLANTS Piatczak, E. and H. Wysokinska, Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 2013. 55(2): p. 37-44.
67.    IRIDOIDS OF ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM PERS Popov, S.S., I.C. Ivanov, and P.P. Panov, Dokladi Na Bolgarskata Akademiya Na Naukite, 1972. 25(9): p. 1225-1228.
68.    Drug or dietary supplement used in pharmaceutical composition for preventing and/or treating prostatitis and prostate cancer, c.R.o., Levisticum officinale, and Centaurium erythraea Popp, M. Bionorica Se.
69.    Biological peculiarities and possibilities of introduction of Centaurium erythraea Rafn Radusiene, J., Biologija, 1995(3/4): p. 55-58.
70.    Composition, u.e.g.f.a.t.o.g.d., preferably flatulence, comprises tincture and/or extract of plants of e.g. Centaurium erythraea, -Chamomilla recutita, -Melissa officinalis and -Carum carvi Rittinghausen, R. Rittinghausen R.
71.    STUDIES ON CONSTITUENTS OF ERYTHRAEA CENTAURIUM LINNE PERSOON .1. STRUCTURE OF CENTAPICRIN, A.N.B.S.G.S., K. and K. Aota, Yakugaku Zasshi-Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 1976. 96(6): p. 683-688.
72.    Polymethoxylated xanthones from the herb of Centaurium erythraea with strong antimutagenic properties in Salmonella typhimurium Schimmer, O. and H. Mauthner, Planta Medica, 1996. 62(6): p. 561-564.
73.    Xanthone 6-hydroxylase from cell cultures of Centaurium erythraea RAFN and Hypericum androsaemum L Schmidt, W., S. Peters, and L. Beerhues, Phytochemistry, 2000. 53(4): p. 427-431.
74.    Purification, c.c.a.f.e.o.N.-c.P.r.f.C.e.c.c.S., H., et al., Plant Biology, 2009. 11(3): p. 300-306.
75.    Phenolic constituents of centaury (Centaurium erythraea Rafn.) herb Sharaf, M., et al., Herba Polonica, 2003. 49(3/4): p. 174-179.
76.    Secoiridoid glycosides as a marker system in chemical variability estimation and chemotype assignment of Centaurium erythraea Rafn from the Balkan Peninsula Siler, B., et al., Industrial Crops and Products, 2012. 40: p. 336-344.
77.    Effects of salinity on in vitro growth and photosynthesis of common centaury (Centaurium erythraea Rafn.) Siler, B., et al., Archives of Biological Sciences, 2007. 59(2): p. 129-134.
78.    Plant regeneration in leaf culture of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Part 2: the role of arabinogalactan proteins Simonovic, A.D., et al., Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2015. 121(3): p. 721-739.
79.    The influence of gibberellic acid and paclobutrazol on induction of somatic embryogenesis in wild type and hairy root cultures of Centaurium erythraea Gillib Suboti, A., et al., African Journal of Biotechnology, 2009. 8(14): p. 3223-3228.
80.    Direct regeneration of shoots from hairy root cultures of Centaurium erythraea inoculated with Agrobacterium rhizogenes Subotic, A., et al., Biologia Plantarum, 2003. 47(4): p. 617-619.
81.    Plant tissue culture and secondary metabolite production of Centaurium erythraea Rafn., a.m.p.S., A., et al. Floriculture, ornamental and plant biotechnology, ed. J.A. Teixeira da Silva. 2006. 564-570.
82.    Influence of cytokinins on in vitro morphogenesis in root cultures of Centaurium erythraea-Valuable medicinal plant Subotic, A., S. Jevremovic, and D. Grubisic, Scientia Horticulturae, 2009. 120(3): p. 386-390.
83.    Spontaneous Plant Regeneration and Production of Secondary Metabolites from Hairy Root Cultures of Centaurium erythraea Rafn Subotic, A., et al., in Protocols for in Vitro Cultures and Secondary Metabolite Analysis of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, S.M. Jain and P.K. Saxena, Editors. 2009. p. 205-215.
84.    Acute and sub-chronic toxicity of a lyophilised aqueous extract of Centaurium erythraea in rodents Tahraoui, A., Z.H. Israili, and B. Lyoussi, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2010. 132(1): p. 48-55.
85.    STUDIES ON THE CONSTITUENTS OF ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM (LINNE) PERSOON .3. ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE OF XANTHONES Takagi, S. and M. Yamaki, Yakugaku Zasshi-Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 1982. 102(6): p. 546-548.
86.    STUDIES ON THE CONSTITUENTS OF ERYTHRAEA-CENTAURIUM (LINNE) PERSOON .2. THE STRUCTURE OF CENTAUROSIDE, A.N.B.-S.G.T., S., et al., Yakugaku Zasshi-Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 1982. 102(4): p. 313-317.
87.    Nuclear factor kappaB activation inhibitor useful for preventing or improving symptoms accompanying disease such as inflammatory disease, a.o.s., has plant extract such as Artemisia dracunculoildes, Centaurium erythraea Tanaka, H. Narisu Keshohin Kk.
88.    Genetic Transformation of Centaurium erythraea with AtCKX1 and AtCKX2 Genes Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens Trifunovic, M., et al., In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Animal, 2010. 46(Suppl. 1): p. 170-171.
89.    Overexpression of Arabidopsis cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase genes AtCKX1 and AtCKX2 in transgenic Centaurium erythraea Rafn Trifunovic, M., et al., Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2013. 115(2): p. 139-150.
90.    Changes in cytokinin content and altered cytokinin homeostasis in AtCKX1 and AtCKX2-overexpressing centaury (Centaurium erythraea Rafn.) plants grown in vitro Trifunovic, M., et al., Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2015. 120(2): p. 767-777.
91.    Quantification of arabinogalactan proteins during in vitro morphogenesis induced by beta-D-glucosyl Yariv reagent in Centaurium erythraea root culture Trifunovic, M., et al., Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2014. 36(5): p. 1187-1195.
92.    Endogenous Phytohormones in Spontaneously Regenerated Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Plants Grown In Vitro Trifunovic-Momcilov, M., et al., Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2016. 35(2): p. 543-552.
93.    Gastroprotective effect of small centaury (Centaurium erythraea L) on aspirin-induced gastric damage in rats Tuluce, Y., et al., Toxicology and Industrial Health, 2011. 27(8): p. 760-768.
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104.    Xanthones from the bitter plants Gentiana lutea, C.e., and Frasera caroliniensis (Gentianaceae) inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation Waltenberger, B., et al., Planta Medica, 2015. 81(16): p. 1405-1405.
105.    Nonprenylated Xanthones from Gentiana lutea, F.c., and Centaurium erythraea as Novel Inhibitors of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Waltenberger, Birgit, et al., Molecules, 2015. 20(11): p. 20381-20390.
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