Santalum album L.
Family: Santalaceae
Common name: Sandalwood, Indian sandalwood, Fragrant sandalwood, White Sandalwood
Arabic: صندل (خشب)
Bengali: চংদন্ Chandan, শ্ৱেতচংদন Shwetchandan
Bengali: শ্ৱেতচংদন Shwetchandan, চংদন্ Chandan
Chinese : 自檀香 Bai tan xiang, 檀香 Tan xiang, 檀香木 Tan xiang mu, 情侣树 Qing lü shu.
Danish : Sandeltræ.
Dutch : Sandelboom, Sandelhout.
French : Arbre à baumes, Bois de santal, Santal blanc, Santal de l'Inde.
German : Echte Sandelholzbaum, Sandelholzbaum, Sandelholz weiß.
Hindi: चंदन Chandan, संदल Sandal
Indinesian: Cendana
Italian : Sandalo bianco.
Japanese : サンダルウッド Sendaruuddo, ビャ クダン
Kannada: Agarugandha, bavanna, bhadrasri, ಚಂದಲ Chandala
Malay : Cendana (Indonesia).
Malayalam: ചംദനമ് Chandanam, chandana-mutti
Manipuri: চংদন Chandan
Marathi: चंदन Chandan, gandhachakoda
Oriya: valgaka, ଚନ୍ଦନ Candana
Portuguese : Sândalo, Sândalo-branco.
Russian : Сандал Sandal, Сандаловое дерево Sandaloboe derevo.
Sanskrit: अनिंदिता Anindita, Arishta-phalam, Bhadrasara, चंदनम् Chandanam
Sinhala: සඳුන් ගස Saňdun gasa
Spanish : Sándalo, Sándalo blanco.
Tamil: Anukkam, Asam, சந்தநம் Chandanam
Telugu: Bhadrasri, చందనం Chandanamu, శ్రీగంధం Sri Gandham
Urdu: Sandal safaid
Description: Evergreen trees, to 10 m high, bark surface dark grey to nearly black, rough with short vertical cracks. Leaves simple, opposite, estipulate; petiole 12-18 mm long, slender, glabrous, grooved above; lamina 3.7-12 x 2-4 cm, elliptic, elliptic-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, base acute or round, apex acute, margin entire, glabrous, shiny above and glaucous beneath, coriaceous; lateral nerves 8-13 pairs, pinnate, faint, intercostae reticulate, obscure. Flowers bisexual, 5-6 mm across, reddish-purple, in axillary and terminal paniculate cymes, much shorter than leaves; tepals 5, basally connate into a campanulate tube of 2 mm long, shortly connate to the basal part of the ovary; lobes 2.5 x 1.5 mm, ovate, thin, fleshy, glaucescent without, minutely ciliate; disc concave, adhering to the bottom of perianth, its lobes alternates with tepals; stamens 5, alternates with disc; filaments 1 mm; anthers 0.7 mm, ovoid, 2-celled; ovary superior later half inferior at the time of flowering, globose, 1 mm, 1-celled, ovules 2-3, pendulous from below the long, acuminate, central column; style 1.5 mm, stigma 3 lobed. Fruit a drupe, 8-12 mm across, globose, blackish-purple, annulate above, beaked with the basal part of the style; seed one.
Uses: Antiphlogistic, antiseptic, cooling and styptic. The wood round up with water into a fine parts is commonly applied to local inflammations, to the temples in fever and to skin diseases to allay heat and pruritus. It is internally administered in cystitis, gonorrhoea, haemorrhagia, urinary disorders and gleet. [Advances in Medicinal Plants]
Sosha, Daaha, Raktapitta, Raktaarsha, Hikka, Vamana, Pradara, Sukrameha, Netra Roga, Mutraghara, Bhrama, RAktavikara, Krimiroga. [API, Part-I, Vol-III]
Activities — Abortifacient, Alexeteric, Allergenic, Analgesic, Anaphrodisiac, Antibacterial, Antiherpetic, Antiinflammatory, Antipyretic, Antiseptic, Antispasmodic, Antiviral, Aphrodisiac, Astringent, Depurative, Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Expectorant, Hepatoprotective, Laxative, Nephrotoxic, Sedative, Stimulant, Stomachic, Urinary Antiseptic. [Handbook of Medicinal Herbs]
The herb contains saponins based on saniculogenins; allantoin; chlorogenic and rosmarinic acids. The flowers con- tain 3.1 and fruits 1.1% rosmarinic acid. The leaves contain 0.6% chlorogenic acid. The roots contain 23.1, leaves 12.8, flowers 6.0 and fruits 5.2% surcose. Rhizome contains chlorogeni acid 1.2 and sucrose 13.9%.[Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]
Moves and regulates the qi. Stifling sensation in the chest, tightness, abdominal blockage, angina pectoris. Relieves pain: Chest pain, abdominal pain, angina pectoris. Expels cold: Blockages and pain in the chest and abdomen. [Materia Medica for Chinese Medicine]
The heart wood is used alone or with other ingredients for fever, diarrhoea dysentery, gastric irritation, spermatorrhoea and gonorrhoea. The wood ground up with water into a paste is applied on local inflammations and skin diseases to allay heat and pruritus. It acts as a diaphoretic and checks haemoptysis. The seeds also contain an oil which is used in skin diseases. The wood is considered a diuretic and antipyretic in Cambodia. In Madagascar, the wood is mascerated with salt water and applied on wounds. The oil is recommended for gonorrhoea. It is often used in perfumery. [Medicinal Plants (Indigenous and Exotic) Used in Ceylon]
Infections of the urinary tract. Sandalwood is used for inflammatory conditions of the efferent urinary tract. It is generally used in combination with other diuretic or urinary disinfecting drugs.
Chinese Medicine: The Chinese use Sandalwood primarily for epigastric pain, chest pain and omiting.
Homeopathic Uses: Uses of the drug in homeopathy include urethral inflammation. It is advisable to use Sandalwood in combination with other diuretic or urinary disinfecting drugs.
Indian Medicine: Internal uses include heat stroke, sunstroke and resulting fever. It is used as an infusion mixed with honey (in Kerala); with water cooked in rice {in Nepal): in the treatment of gonorrhea and as an anti-aphrodisiac in ayurvedic medicine. [PDR for Herbal Medicines]
470 Published articles of Santalum album
