Friday, February 13, 2015
Cestrum diurnum, Din Ka Raja
Cestrum diurnum L.
Family: Solanaceae
Synonyms: Cestrum album Ferrero ex Dun., Cestrum diurnum var. fasciatiflorum Dunal, Cestrum diurnum var. fastigiatum (Jacq.) Stehlé, Cestrum diurnum var. marcianum Proctor, Cestrum diurnum var. odontospermum (Jacq.) O.E.Schulz, Cestrum diurnum var. portoricense O.E.Schulz, Cestrum diurnum var. tinctorium (Jacq.) M.Gómez, Cestrum diurnum var. venenatum (Mill.) O.E.Schulz, Cestrum elongatum Steud., Cestrum fastigiatum Jacq., Cestrum fastigiatum Jan, Cestrum odontospermum Jacq., Cestrum pallidum Lam., Cestrum tinctorium Jacq., Cestrum tinctorium Griseb., Cestrum venenatum Mill.
Common name: Day-blooming cestrum, Day jasmine, China berry, Chinese inkberry
Hindi: Din Ka Raja दिन का राजा
Finnish: Rohtonuijakukka
Tamil: nar pakal nayaki
Thai: ทิวาราตรี
Swedish: Vit juvelbuske
Description: A shrub or small tree up to 4 m tall, branched. Leaves 4.5-12.5 x 2.5-4.0 cm, elliptic-lanceolate to oblanceolate. Flowers in extra-axillary peduncles. Calyx lobes shallowly obtuse, minutely ciliate. Corolla infundibuliform, lobes reflexed, obtuse. Berry ± globose, black.
56 Published articles of Cestrum diurnum
Solanum villosum, Hairy Nightshade
Solanum villosum Mill.
Family: Solanaceae
Synonyms: Solanum miniatum Bernh. ex Willd. , Solanum nigrum var. humile (Bernh. ex Willd.) C.Y. Wu & S.C. Huang
- Common name: Yellow Nightshade, Hairy Nightshade, Red-fruited nightshade
- Chinese: 红果龙葵
- Finnish: Myskikoiso
- French: Morelle poilue
- German: Gelbfrüchtiger Nachtschatten
- Romanian: zirna galbena, zirna rosie
- Swedish: Gul nattskatta
- Welsh: Codwarth coch
Description: Herbs erect, 40-60 cm tall, much branched; pubescence of simple, sometimes glandular hairs. Stems pubescent, often angular. Petiole 5-10 mm, winged; leaf blade ovate to elliptic, 3-7 × 2-4 cm, sparsely pubescent, base cuneate, decurrent, margin entire, sinuate, or coarsely dentate, apex acute. Inflorescences extra-axillary, umbellate; peduncle 1 cm, unbranched. Pedicel 4-6 mm. Calyx 2 × 1-1.5 mm, puberulent; lobes obtuse, less than 1 mm, ciliate, sinuses rounded. Corolla white or purplish, sometimes drying yellowish, 5-7 × 8-10 mm; lobes ovate-lanceolate, ca. 3 mm, ciliate, strongly spreading and reflexed. Filaments 1.5-1.8 mm, pubescent; anthers ca. 2 mm. Style 3-4.5 mm, pilose at base. Fruiting pedicel 1-1.5 cm, pubescent. Berry red, orange, or yellow, often bright, globose, 6-8 mm in diam. Seeds discoid, ca. 1 mm. Fr. Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Nov.
42 Published articles of Solanum villosum
Sunday, February 8, 2015
Chrozophora rottleri, Suryavarta
Chrozophora rottleri (Geiseler) A.Juss. ex Spreng.
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Vernakular names in India: dekha chowkdi, dekha-chowkdi, erra miriyam, gubra, gurugu, khakaguddi, khudi-okra, linga menasu, linga mirapa, lingamenasu, shadevi, sonballi, souballi, subali, suravarta, surya-varti, suryavarta
Description: es alternate, 2-5 x 1-4 cm, rounded or obtuse at apex, rounded or subtruncate at base, entire or shallowly crenate-sinuate, 3-5-veined from base, somewhat bullate above when young, becoming less so with age, pubescent above, densely so beneath; petiole 1-4 cm long, densely stellate-pubescent; stipules 2 mm long, linear. Inflorescence 1-5 cm long, leaf-opposed. Male flowers: pedicels 1 mm long; sepals c. 3 mm long, lanceolate, stellate-pubescent; petals pink, 3 mm long, elliptic-oblong, lepidote without; stamens 15, united into 4 mm tall column; anthers 1 mm long. Female flowers: pedicels c. 5 mm long, extending up to 1.5 cm or more in fruit; sepals 1.5-2 mm long, linear-lanceolate, stellate-pubescent; petals minute or absent. Ovary 2 mm diameter, densely stellate-pubescent; styles 1-1.5 mm long, bifid almost from base, stellate-pubescent without, densely papillose within. Fruit 4 x 7 mm, rounded, 3-lobed, stellate-pubescent; seeds 3-3.5 x 2-2.5 mm, globose-ovoid, grey.
Used in Ayurveda. Plant acrid, poisonous, emetic, cathartic, drastic corrosive. Leaves depurative, seeds purgative; ashes of the roots administered to children for cough; root powder given with water in cough and cold. Leaves chewed to treat leucoderma; crushed leaves applied in sunburn and sunstroke. Fish poison. Veterinary medicine, leaves used in the treatment of skin diseases on neck of horses. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Published articles of Chrozophora rottleri
Wednesday, February 4, 2015
Putranjiva roxburghii, Putrajivika, Lucky Bean Tree
Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.
Family: Putranjivaceae
Common name: Putranjiva, Lucky Bean Tree
Bengali: Putranjiva, Jioysuta
Gujarati: પુત્રંજીવા Putranjiva
Hindi: Putijia, जियापोथा jiyapotha
Kannada: ಪುತ್ರಮ್ಜೀವ Putramjiva , ಮೆಣಸಿನಕಲೆ Menasinakale, Amani Putrajiva
Konkani: Saman
Malayalam: Pongalam, പുത്തിലഞ്ഞി Puththilanji
Marathi: Jivanputra, Patravanti
Oriya: Poilundia
Sanskrit: पुत्रंजीव: Putrajivah
Tamil: Irukolli, Karupala, புத்திரசீவி, கறிப்பாலை Kari-p-palai
Telugu: Kuduru, పుత్రజీవిక Putrajivika
Urdu: Paishandia
42 Published articles of Putranjiva roxburghii
Family: Putranjivaceae
Common name: Putranjiva, Lucky Bean Tree
Bengali: Putranjiva, Jioysuta
Gujarati: પુત્રંજીવા Putranjiva
Hindi: Putijia, जियापोथा jiyapotha
Kannada: ಪುತ್ರಮ್ಜೀವ Putramjiva , ಮೆಣಸಿನಕಲೆ Menasinakale, Amani Putrajiva
Konkani: Saman
Malayalam: Pongalam, പുത്തിലഞ്ഞി Puththilanji
Marathi: Jivanputra, Patravanti
Oriya: Poilundia
Sanskrit: पुत्रंजीव: Putrajivah
Tamil: Irukolli, Karupala, புத்திரசீவி, கறிப்பாலை Kari-p-palai
Telugu: Kuduru, పుత్రజీవిక Putrajivika
Urdu: Paishandia
Used in Ayurveda and Sidha. Plant useful for women whose children died in uterus. Leaves and fruit for rheumatism, cold and fever. Dry fruits and seeds decoction given for cold, fever and rheumatism. Used in religion and magico-religious beliefs, said to increase fertility in women, for making conception; contact therapy, stones of the fruit strung together to form rosaries and used as a necklace to preserve children from harm; seeds worn as necklace by persons suffering from acute cough and cold; fruits used as necklace by a pregnant woman to prevent miscarriage; dried fruits in a garland used as necklace to cure skin allergy and itch. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Leaves, fruits and stones of fruits are given in colds and fevers, also in rheumatic affections. Rosaries, made of hard stones of the fruit, are placed around the necks of children to protect them from diseases. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]
Leaves, fruits and stones of fruits are given in colds and fevers, also in rheumatic affections. Rosaries, made of hard stones of the fruit, are placed around the necks of children to protect them from diseases. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]
42 Published articles of Putranjiva roxburghii
Malachra Capitata, Vilayati Bhindi
Malachra capitata (L.) L.
Family: Malvaceae
English: malva de caballo
Bengali: বন ভিংডী Ban Bhindi
Gujarati: પરદેસી ભિંડૉ Pardesi Bhindo
Hindi: विलायती भिंडी Vilayati Bhindi
Marathi: विलायती भेंडी Vilayati Bhendi
Description: Annual or perennial, erect herbs or undershrubs, to 1.5 m high; stems, petioles and peduncles densely pubescent with prickly stellate and simple hairs. Leaves alternate, orbicular or ovate, 3-5 angled or lobed, cordate at base, crenate to serrate at margin, obtuse or rounded at apex, 3-14 x 4-20 cm, velutinous with stellate and simple hairs on both surfaces, glabrescent, 5- nerved at base; petioles 2-8 cm long; stipules 1-2 cm long, filiform, rarely forked, hispid. Inflorescences 0.5-1.5 cm long, stout bearing 3-7 heads; each head with 2-5 flowers encircled by 3 or 4 leafy bracts; bracts ovate to orbicular, cordate to rounded at base, entire or crenate-serrate at margin, acute at apex with a slightly recurved tip, 0.5-2 cm across, folded along midnerve, stellate-pubescent and also with stiff bristles at margin and on nerves beneath. Calyx cupular, accrescent; lobes oblong to deltoid, acuminate, ca 6x 1.5 mm, 3-nerved with a few stiff simple hairs at apex. Corolla ca 1.5-2.5 cm across, bright yellow; petals obovate, ca 1.5 x 1 cm, ciliate at base, densely stellate-hairy outside, glabrous inside. Staminal column ca 1 cm long, pubescent with both stellate and simple hairs and a few glandular hairs, antheriferous throughout. Ovary glabrous; styles ca 1.3 cm long, glabrous, 10-branched; stigmas capitate, hairy. Schizocarps obpyriform, 5-6 mm across; mericarps 5, 3-gonous, acute at base, rounded at apex, ca 3 x 2 mm, glabrous, reticulate with brownish nerves, whitish; seeds 3-gonous, ca 2.5 mm long, covered with minute stellate hairs, brownish black.
Used to cure Infertility Fresh fruit Fed to the patient 5 raw fruits daily during menstrual period for 3 months [Herbal Cures: Traditional Approach]
11 Published articles of Malachra Capitata
Nigella sativa, Krishnaajira, Karunjeeragam
Nigella sativa L.
Family: Ranunculaceae
Ayurvedic uses: Atisara, Gulma, Adhmaana, Krimiroga (API Vol-1)
Chronic gastritis, ascariasis, flatulence and malaria [Compendia of World’s Medicinal Flora]
Used in Ayurveda. Powdered seeds paste applied on eczma and skin diseases. Used for headache, rheumatic pains, asthma and coughs, also applied as a galactagogue, emmenagogue, cooling, tonic, vermifuge and diuretic. Excessive use of seed causes abortion [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
The seeds of black cumin are used for seasoning and are employed in spice mixes. The odor of crushed seeds has been described as like lemons with a faint suggestion of carrots (Burkill 1935), while the taste is strong, pungent, peppery, rather oddly aromatic, and nutty, "like a cross between poppy seeds and pepper" (Norman 1990). The alternative name nutmeg flower reflects similarity with the strong, agreeable aromatic odor of nutmeg. The seeds are added to curries, pickles, cheeses, eggs, fish, poultry, meats, game, pickles, conserves, fruit pies, and confections, particularly cookies, rolls and bread. They are also used to flavor a variety of vegetable dishes. The seeds used to be employed as a substitute for pepper. [Culinary Herbs]
Black cumin, is used in herbal folk medicine all over the world especially in the Middle East, Europe and Asia since antiquity for the treatment and prevention of a number of diseases and disorders that include asthma, bronchitis, diarrhoea, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, hyperglycaemia, and related abnormalities headache, dysentery, infections, obesity, back pain, hypertension, gastrointestinal problems, eczema, boils, rheumatism, cancer, fungal infections, diabetes, hypertension, cardiac diseases, hemorrhoids, sexual diseases and as an abortifacient [ Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants Vol-5]
N. sativa was used by Ancient Egyptian and Greek physicians to treat nasal congestion, toothache, as a diuretic to promote menstruation, and to increase milk production, bronchial asthma, headache, dysentery, infections, obesity, back pain, hypertension, and gastrointestinal problems. [Greco-Arab and Islamic herbal Medicine]
Avicenna used this plant to treat headaches, facial paralysis, and eye cataracts, and when mixed together with honey in hot water to remove bladder and kidney stones. An infusion of the seeds is used to treat toothaches, gastric and intestinal diseases and chest pains, and is used as a, diuretic, sopori fi c, and vermifuge for children (seeds in vinegar), as well as to treat angina and stimulate milk production in women. [The Medicinal Plants of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan]
521 Published articles of Nigella sativa
Family: Ranunculaceae
- Common name: Black Seed, Fennel flower, Nutmeg flower, Onion seed, Black cumin
- Amharic: ጥቁር አዝሙድ
- Arabic: حبة السوداء
- Bengali: কালো জিরা, কালোজিরা Kalo jira
- Bulgarian: Челебитка посевна
- Catalan: Sanuj
- Croatian: Crni kumin
- Czech: Černý kmín
- Danish: Sortkommen
- Dutch: Zwarte komijn
- Esperanto: Nigelo
- Estonian: Mustköömen
- Finnish: Ryytineito
- French: Nigelle cultivée, Herbe aux épices
- German: Schwarzkümmel
- Hebrew: קצח
- Hindi: कलौंजी, कलोंजी Kalaunji, कालाजीरा
- Hungarian: Feketekömény
- Indonesian: Jinten hitam
- Japanese: ニゲラ
- Kannada: ಕರಿ ಜೀರಿಗೆ kari jirige
- Kazakh: Содана
- Korean: 블랙쿠민
- Latin: Semen Nigellae sive Melanthii
- Latvian: Melnsēklīte
- Lithuanian: Juodgrūdė
- Malay: Jintan hitam
- Malayalam: കരിഞ്ചീരകം karinjirakam
- Norwegian: Svartkarve
- Polish: Czarnuszka siewna
- Romanian: Cernușcă
- Russian: černuška posevnaja, Нигелла
- Sanskrit: कृष्णजीरा Krishnajira
- Sinhalese: Kaluduru
- Slovak: Černuška siata
- Slovenian: Vzhodna črnika
- Spanish: neguilla
- Swedish: Svartkummin
- Thai: เทียนดำ
- Turkish: çörekotu
- Ukrainian: Чорнушка посівна
- Urdu: Kalaunji
Ayurvedic uses: Atisara, Gulma, Adhmaana, Krimiroga (API Vol-1)
Nigella sativa Oil showed prominent in vitro activity against eight MDR strains of Shigella flexneri. [ Clinical Botanical Medicine]
Chronic gastritis, ascariasis, flatulence and malaria [Compendia of World’s Medicinal Flora]
Used in Ayurveda. Powdered seeds paste applied on eczma and skin diseases. Used for headache, rheumatic pains, asthma and coughs, also applied as a galactagogue, emmenagogue, cooling, tonic, vermifuge and diuretic. Excessive use of seed causes abortion [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
The seeds of black cumin are used for seasoning and are employed in spice mixes. The odor of crushed seeds has been described as like lemons with a faint suggestion of carrots (Burkill 1935), while the taste is strong, pungent, peppery, rather oddly aromatic, and nutty, "like a cross between poppy seeds and pepper" (Norman 1990). The alternative name nutmeg flower reflects similarity with the strong, agreeable aromatic odor of nutmeg. The seeds are added to curries, pickles, cheeses, eggs, fish, poultry, meats, game, pickles, conserves, fruit pies, and confections, particularly cookies, rolls and bread. They are also used to flavor a variety of vegetable dishes. The seeds used to be employed as a substitute for pepper. [Culinary Herbs]
Black cumin, is used in herbal folk medicine all over the world especially in the Middle East, Europe and Asia since antiquity for the treatment and prevention of a number of diseases and disorders that include asthma, bronchitis, diarrhoea, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, hyperglycaemia, and related abnormalities headache, dysentery, infections, obesity, back pain, hypertension, gastrointestinal problems, eczema, boils, rheumatism, cancer, fungal infections, diabetes, hypertension, cardiac diseases, hemorrhoids, sexual diseases and as an abortifacient [ Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants Vol-5]
N. sativa was used by Ancient Egyptian and Greek physicians to treat nasal congestion, toothache, as a diuretic to promote menstruation, and to increase milk production, bronchial asthma, headache, dysentery, infections, obesity, back pain, hypertension, and gastrointestinal problems. [Greco-Arab and Islamic herbal Medicine]
Avicenna used this plant to treat headaches, facial paralysis, and eye cataracts, and when mixed together with honey in hot water to remove bladder and kidney stones. An infusion of the seeds is used to treat toothaches, gastric and intestinal diseases and chest pains, and is used as a, diuretic, sopori fi c, and vermifuge for children (seeds in vinegar), as well as to treat angina and stimulate milk production in women. [The Medicinal Plants of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan]
521 Published articles of Nigella sativa
Psidium guajava, Guava, Jaama, Goyya
Psidium guajava L.
Family: Myrtaceae
Synonyms: Guajava pumila (Vahl) Kuntze , Guajava pyrifera (L.) Kuntze , Myrtus guajava (L.) Kuntze , Myrtus guajava var. pyrifera (L.) Kuntze , Psidium angustifolium Lam. , Psidium aromaticum Blanco [Illegitimate] , Psidium cujavillus Burm.f. , Psidium cujavus L. , Psidium fragrans Macfad. , Psidium guajava var. cujavillum (Burm.f.) Krug & Urb. , Psidium guajava var. guajava , Psidium guajava var. minor Mattos , Psidium guava Griseb. , Psidium igatemyense Barb.Rodr. , Psidium igatemyensis Barb. Rodr. , Psidium intermedium Zipp. ex Blume , Psidium pomiferum L. , Psidium pomiferum var. sapidissimum (Jacq.) DC. , Psidium prostratum O.Berg , Psidium pumilum Vahl , Psidium pumilum var. guadalupense DC. , Psidium pyriferum L. , Psidium pyriferum var. glabrum Benth. , Psidium sapidissimum Jacq. , Psidium vulgare Rich. , Syzygium ellipticum K.Schum. & Lauterb.
- English: Guava
- Bengali: Pyara
- Chinese: 番石榴
- Dutch: guave
- Finnish: Hedelmäguava
- French: Goyavier commun
- German: guave
- Hindi: Amrood अमरूद
- Italian: Guaiava
- Portuguese: araçá
- Spanish: guayaba
- Tamil: கொய்யா Goyya
- Telugu: జామ Jaama
Description: Trees, to 13 m tall. Bark gray, smooth, peeling in strips. Branchlets angular, pubescent. Petiole ca. 5 mm; leaf blade oblong to elliptic, 6-12 × 3.5-6 cm, leathery, abaxially pubescent, adaxially slightly rough, secondary veins 12-15 on each side of midvein and usually impressed, reticulate veins obvious, base rounded, apex acute to obtuse. Flowers solitary or 2 or 3 in cymes. Hypanthium campanulate, ca. 5 mm, pubescent. Calyx cap nearly rounded, 7-8 mm, irregularly opening. Petals white, 1-1.4 cm. Stamens 6-9 mm. Ovary adnate to hypanthium. Style as long as stamens. Berry globose, ovoid, or pyriform, 3-8 cm, with persistent calyx lobes at apex; flesh white or yellow; placenta reddish, well developed, fleshy. Seeds many.
Part Used: Leaf, Fruit. Guava is most commonly prescribed traditionally for diarrhea because of the astringent qualities of the leaves and unripe fruit. It is also useful to treat cases of blocked or irregular menstruation, and cases of chronic stress or anxiety.
Preparation: Flame-roast 10–15 leaves until yellow in color. Boil in 1 pint (500 ml) water. Take 1 / 2 cup (125 ml) decoction every 3 hours as needed. Powder may also be made from the unripe fruit by removing the seeds, drying, and grinding. Take 1 tsp dry or in hot water. For a gentler effect, the unripe fruit may also be eaten fresh, dipped into a mixture of sugar, salt, and chili powder. Or unripe guava may be juiced and drunk with a pinch of salt. [A Thai Herbal Traditional Recipes for Health and Harmony]
Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Twigs decoction taken orally for malaria and fevers; juice from tender shoots given in dysentery. Leaves antimalarial, astringent, styptic, antibacterial, antiemetic, for wounds, ulcers, blisters in mouth, astringent for bowels; leaves eaten raw to treat diarrhea; young leaves chewed to cure mouth blisters; leaves juice or leaf paste taken for diarrhea and dysentery; young leaves boiled, honey added, and the decoction mixture drunk for diarrhea, especially in children; leaves decoction for stomachache, cough, cold, gargled for toothache. Tea from the bark or from the leaves an excellent remedy for diarrhea, dysentery, sores, vomiting, cuts and sore throat. Bark juice given in diarrhea and dysentery; paste of stem bark applied on burns; bark decoction or bark juice a remedy for stomachache, skin diseases; root bark pounded and plastered on bone fracture and in sprains. Fruits styptic, an infusion for dysentery; unripe fruit effective in bowel disorders, diarrhea, dysentery; powdered tender fruits mixed with water given for loose motions and as emetic. Fresh flowers along with juice applied as anthelmintic. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Unripe fruit—antidiarrhoeal. Leaves—used for dysentery, diabetes, cough and cold. Flowers - anthelmintic. Guava juice may be helpful in regulating blood sugar in type 2 diabetes and syndrome X. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]
Entire plant, infusion: for diarrhea Bark, infusion: emmenagogue, astringent, febrifuge; for hypertension, infections, malaria, rabies, stomachache, and antidysenteric. Dried leaf, decoction: anti-emetic. Fruit: antidiarrheal Dried fruit: anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity Fresh fruit: antimutagenic and antihyperglycemic activity [Medicinal flora of Argentina]
Preparation: Flame-roast 10–15 leaves until yellow in color. Boil in 1 pint (500 ml) water. Take 1 / 2 cup (125 ml) decoction every 3 hours as needed. Powder may also be made from the unripe fruit by removing the seeds, drying, and grinding. Take 1 tsp dry or in hot water. For a gentler effect, the unripe fruit may also be eaten fresh, dipped into a mixture of sugar, salt, and chili powder. Or unripe guava may be juiced and drunk with a pinch of salt. [A Thai Herbal Traditional Recipes for Health and Harmony]
Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Twigs decoction taken orally for malaria and fevers; juice from tender shoots given in dysentery. Leaves antimalarial, astringent, styptic, antibacterial, antiemetic, for wounds, ulcers, blisters in mouth, astringent for bowels; leaves eaten raw to treat diarrhea; young leaves chewed to cure mouth blisters; leaves juice or leaf paste taken for diarrhea and dysentery; young leaves boiled, honey added, and the decoction mixture drunk for diarrhea, especially in children; leaves decoction for stomachache, cough, cold, gargled for toothache. Tea from the bark or from the leaves an excellent remedy for diarrhea, dysentery, sores, vomiting, cuts and sore throat. Bark juice given in diarrhea and dysentery; paste of stem bark applied on burns; bark decoction or bark juice a remedy for stomachache, skin diseases; root bark pounded and plastered on bone fracture and in sprains. Fruits styptic, an infusion for dysentery; unripe fruit effective in bowel disorders, diarrhea, dysentery; powdered tender fruits mixed with water given for loose motions and as emetic. Fresh flowers along with juice applied as anthelmintic. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Unripe fruit—antidiarrhoeal. Leaves—used for dysentery, diabetes, cough and cold. Flowers - anthelmintic. Guava juice may be helpful in regulating blood sugar in type 2 diabetes and syndrome X. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]
Entire plant, infusion: for diarrhea Bark, infusion: emmenagogue, astringent, febrifuge; for hypertension, infections, malaria, rabies, stomachache, and antidysenteric. Dried leaf, decoction: anti-emetic. Fruit: antidiarrheal Dried fruit: anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity Fresh fruit: antimutagenic and antihyperglycemic activity [Medicinal flora of Argentina]
220 Pharmacology / Pharmacy related Published articles of Psidium guajava
Saturday, January 31, 2015
Clematis montana, Himalayan Clematis
Clematis montana Buch.-Ham. ex DC.
Family: Ranunculaceae
English: Himalayan Clematis, Anemone clematis, Indian virgin's bower
Danish: Bjerg-Skovranke
Hindi: garol, geor bel, kanguli, kaunibai, kaunie-bali
Hungarian: Hegyi iszalag
Chinese: 大花绣球藤
Finnish: Vuorikärhö
German: Berg-Waldrebe
Russian: Ломонос горный
Polish: Powojnik górski
Swedish: Bergklematis
21 Published articles of Clematis montana
Family: Ranunculaceae
English: Himalayan Clematis, Anemone clematis, Indian virgin's bower
Danish: Bjerg-Skovranke
Hindi: garol, geor bel, kanguli, kaunibai, kaunie-bali
Hungarian: Hegyi iszalag
Chinese: 大花绣球藤
Finnish: Vuorikärhö
German: Berg-Waldrebe
Russian: Ломонос горный
Polish: Powojnik górski
Swedish: Bergklematis
Description: Vines woody. Branches terete, often shallowly 4--10-grooved, puberulous, glabrescent. Leaves ternate; petiole 2.5--9 cm; leaflet blades ovate, rhombic-ovate, or elliptic, 1.8--7(--14) × 1--5 cm, papery to herbaceous, undivided or 3-lobed, both surfaces sparsely puberulous, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin sparsely dentate or occasionally entire, apex acuminate or acuminate; basal veins abaxially nearly flat. Flowers (1 or)2--4(--6) borne together with several leaves from axillary buds of old branches, 1.5--11 cm in diam. Pedicel 1--20 cm, sparsely puberulous. Sepals 4, white or sometimes tinged pink, spreading, obovate to oblong-obovate, (0.7--)1.3--6.5 × (0.3--)1--2.5 (--3.5) cm, abaxially puberulous, adaxially glabrous, apex rounded to rarely emarginate or short acuminate. Stamens 6--18 mm, glabrous; anthers narrowly oblong, sometimes linear, (1.5--)2--3(--4) mm, apex obtuse to minutely apiculate. Ovaries glabrous, rarely puberulous. Style 0.5--1 cm, densely villous. Achenes ovate to rhombic-ovate, 4--5 × 3--4 mm, glabrous, rarely appressed puberulous; persistent style 2--6(--7) cm, plumose. Fl. Apr--Sep, fr. Jul--Sep.
Roots for skin diseases and itching. Leaves decoction in cold and fever; leaves skin irritant, blistering. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Urinary pain, menstruation disorder; diuretic, improves blood circulation [Taiwanese Native Medicinal Plants Phytopharmacology and Therapeutic Values]
21 Published articles of Clematis montana
Thalictrum foliolosum, Pitarangaa, Mamera, Meadow rue
Thalictrum foliolosum DC.
Family: Ranunculaceae
Synonym: Thalictrum dalingo Buch.-Ham. ex DC.
Common name: Leafy Meadow-Rue
Hindi: Mamera
Chinese: 金丝黄连,
Sanskrit: Pitarangaa, Piyaaraangaa.
8 Published articles of Thalictrum foliolosum
Family: Ranunculaceae
Synonym: Thalictrum dalingo Buch.-Ham. ex DC.
Common name: Leafy Meadow-Rue
Hindi: Mamera
Chinese: 金丝黄连,
Sanskrit: Pitarangaa, Piyaaraangaa.
Other vernacular names: barmat, bhamrol, chaitra, chireta, chitramul, gurbiani, jhalamala, keraita, makori, mami-ranchini, mamira, mamiran-chini, mamiri, mamiri shuprak, mimiri, pashmaran, peelijari, peelipari, penglajari, phalijari, pilagor, pilajari, pili jari, pili jarin, piligarhi, pilijari, piyaranga, shuprak, thangre-jhar, ubyakati
Description: Plants 0.9--1.2 m tall, glabrous. Stems branched. Petiole 1.5--5 cm; leaf blade 3-ternate, ca. 35 cm; leaflet blade rhombic-elliptic or ovate, 1--2.5 × 0.5--1.5 cm, leathery, abaxially not white powdery, base rounded or subcordate, apex obtuse or rounded, 3-lobed; lobes few; veins slightly raised abaxially, flat adaxially. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, paniculate, ca. 20 cm, many flowered. Sepals 4, early deciduous, yellow, greenish tinged, narrowly elliptic, 3--4.5 mm. Stamens many, 6--7 mm; filament filiform; anther narrowly oblong, ca. 2.5 mm, apex mucronate. Carpels 4--6; style equaling ovary; stigma linear. Achenes sessile; body fusiform, ca. 3 mm; veins ca. 8. Fl. Aug--Sep.
Used in Unani/Unani-Tibb medicine. Bitter, pungent tonic, slightly purgative, believed to improve the eyesight and relieve toothache. Pounded root eaten to cure malarial fever. Roots decoction or powder antiperiodic, antiinflammatory, diuretic, aperient, purgative, tonic, to treat eye and skin diseases, fever and jaundice; root extract applied for the treatment of eye ailments; root juice for peptic ulcer and indigestion; root powder against snakebites; root paste applied around the forehead in headache, and also applied to treat itching of skin. Ash of the roots used for eye trouble. A paste made from mamiri roots and from seeds of Datura stramonium used for eczema. Veterinary medicine, root poultice to cure foot and mouth diseases of animals; root paste along with Allium cepa given orally for treating fever and shuffle in cattle. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Activities — Antipyretic, Aperient, Bitter, Cerebrotonic, Collyrium, Deobstruent, Diuretic, Laxative, Tonic .
Indications — Atony , Conjunctivosis , Corneosis , Coryza, Dermatosis, Diarrhea, Dyspepsia, Fever, Gas, Hemorrhoid, Jaundice, Malaria, Onychosis, Ophthalmia, Toothache, Water Retention.
Dosages — 14–28 ml tea, 1–2 ml root tincture, 0.5–1 g powder root . After 6 months storage, berberine was reduced to 1 / 4 , and magnoflorine to traces. [Handbook of Medicinal Herbs]
Plant—used against gout and rheumatism. Root—febrifuge, antiperiodic; a bitter tonic during convalescence. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]
Contagious fever, poisoning, wounds and infection. [Medicinal Plants of Dolpo]
Description: Plants 0.9--1.2 m tall, glabrous. Stems branched. Petiole 1.5--5 cm; leaf blade 3-ternate, ca. 35 cm; leaflet blade rhombic-elliptic or ovate, 1--2.5 × 0.5--1.5 cm, leathery, abaxially not white powdery, base rounded or subcordate, apex obtuse or rounded, 3-lobed; lobes few; veins slightly raised abaxially, flat adaxially. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, paniculate, ca. 20 cm, many flowered. Sepals 4, early deciduous, yellow, greenish tinged, narrowly elliptic, 3--4.5 mm. Stamens many, 6--7 mm; filament filiform; anther narrowly oblong, ca. 2.5 mm, apex mucronate. Carpels 4--6; style equaling ovary; stigma linear. Achenes sessile; body fusiform, ca. 3 mm; veins ca. 8. Fl. Aug--Sep.
Used in Unani/Unani-Tibb medicine. Bitter, pungent tonic, slightly purgative, believed to improve the eyesight and relieve toothache. Pounded root eaten to cure malarial fever. Roots decoction or powder antiperiodic, antiinflammatory, diuretic, aperient, purgative, tonic, to treat eye and skin diseases, fever and jaundice; root extract applied for the treatment of eye ailments; root juice for peptic ulcer and indigestion; root powder against snakebites; root paste applied around the forehead in headache, and also applied to treat itching of skin. Ash of the roots used for eye trouble. A paste made from mamiri roots and from seeds of Datura stramonium used for eczema. Veterinary medicine, root poultice to cure foot and mouth diseases of animals; root paste along with Allium cepa given orally for treating fever and shuffle in cattle. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Activities — Antipyretic, Aperient, Bitter, Cerebrotonic, Collyrium, Deobstruent, Diuretic, Laxative, Tonic .
Indications — Atony , Conjunctivosis , Corneosis , Coryza, Dermatosis, Diarrhea, Dyspepsia, Fever, Gas, Hemorrhoid, Jaundice, Malaria, Onychosis, Ophthalmia, Toothache, Water Retention.
Dosages — 14–28 ml tea, 1–2 ml root tincture, 0.5–1 g powder root . After 6 months storage, berberine was reduced to 1 / 4 , and magnoflorine to traces. [Handbook of Medicinal Herbs]
Plant—used against gout and rheumatism. Root—febrifuge, antiperiodic; a bitter tonic during convalescence. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]
Contagious fever, poisoning, wounds and infection. [Medicinal Plants of Dolpo]
8 Published articles of Thalictrum foliolosum
Monday, January 26, 2015
Delphinium denudatum, Nirvisha
Delphinium denudatum Wall
Family: Ranunculaceae
- Common name: Jadwar
- Arabic: عائق مكتشف
- Hindi: Jadwar, Judwar, Nirbishi, Nirbisi, Nirvisi
- Kannada: nirvishi
- Malayalam: nirvasi
- Marathi: nirvishi
- Nepali: निरबिशी Nirbishi
- Sanskrit: apavisha, avisa, avisha, nirvisa, nirvisha
- Tamil: nirbasi
- Urdu: jadwa, jadwaar, Khataai, Maatiryaaq.
Used in Ayurveda and Unani. Whole plant juice applied on cuts for immediate relief and healing. Roots bitter, febrifuge, anthelmintic, diuretic, antiinflammatory, carminative, vulnerary, stimulant, alterative, aphrodisiac, cardiotonic, tonic, cooling, digestive, used in fever, insanity, jaundice, strangury, obesity, skin diseases, ulcers, respiratory complaints, catarrh, cold, cough, asthma, toothache; dried roots chewed as stimulant; a water-paste of the roots applied on ulcers; roots powder for killing lice; roots pressed between teeth to get relief from toothache. Seeds used for the treatment of skin eruptions. Veterinary medicine, roots for killing ticks and lice in domestic animals; antidote in case of poisoning caused by Aconitum ferox. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Root—astringent, vulnerary, deobstruent, alterative. Used for painful piles, muscular atrophy, gout and as a nervine tonic. Also used as an adulterant for aconite. [Indian Medicinal Plants An Illustrated Dictionary]
39 Published articles of Delphinium denudatum
Pisum sativum, Pea, Batani, Matar
Pisum sativum L.
Family: Fabaceae
Common name: Pea, garden pea, green pea, snap pea
Arabic: بازلاء
Bengali: Matar, মটরশুঁটি
Bulgarian: Грах
Chinese: 豌豆
French: Pois
German: Erbse
Gujarati: Patana, વટાણા
Gurani: Kumanda
Hindi: मटर Matar
Japanese: エンドウ
Kannada: Batgadle, Bahtahna
Malayalam: പട്ടാനീ Pattani
Manipuri: হৌৱাঈথৰক Houwaitharak
Marathi: Vatane
Russian: Горох посевной
Sanskrit: हरेणुः harenu, Renuka, Satila, Triputa
Tamil: பட்டாணி Battani
Telugu: బఠాణి, batani
Urdu: Matar
Vietnamese: Đậu Hà Lan
Description: Annual, Herbs, Vines, twining, climbing, Taproot present, Nodules present, Stems prostrate, trailing, or mat forming, Stems less than 1 m tall, Climbing by tendrils, Stems hollow, or spongy, Stems or young twigs glabrous or sparsely glabrate, Leaves alternate, Leaves petiolate, Stipules conspicuous, Stipules green, triangu late to lanceolate or foliaceous, Stipules persistent, Stipules free, Stipules cordate, lobed, or sagittate, Stipules toothed or laciniate, Leaves compound, Leaves even pinnate, Leaf or leaflet margins entire, Leaflets opposite, Leaflets 2, Leaflets 4, Leaflets 5-9, Leaves glabrous or nearly so, Flowers solitary in axils, or appearing solitary, Flowers in axillary clusters or few-floweredracemes, 2-6 flowers, Inflorescence axillary, Bracts very small, absent or caducous, Flowers zygomorphic, Calyx 5-lobed, Calyx glabrous, Petals separate, Corolla papilionaceous, Petals white, Petals pinkish to rose, Petals blue, lavander to purple, or violet, Banner petal suborbicular, broadly rounded, Wing petals narrow, oblanceolate to oblong, Wing petals incurved, Wing tips obtuse or rounded, Keel tips obtuse or rounded, not beaked, Stamens 9-10, Stamens diadelphous, 9 united, 1 free, Filaments hairy, villous, Style terete, Style sharply bent, Style hairy, Style hairy on one side only, Fr uit a legume, Fruit unilocular, Fruit freely dehiscent, Fruit indehiscent, Fruit elongate, straight, Fruit exserted from calyx, Fruit inflated or turgid, Fruit glabrous or glabrate, Fruit 3-10 seeded, Seeds ovoid to rounded in outline, Seed surface smooth, Seed surface wrinkled or rugose, Seeds olive, brown, or black.
Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Root juice given for fever. Seed contraceptive, fungistatic, spermicide, for diabetes, acne and wrinkled skins, wounds and bruises, skin complaints; flour from the seeds emollient and resolvent, applied as a cataplasm. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Pea seeds are thought to cause dysentery when eaten raw. In Spain, fl our is considered emollient and resolvent, applied as a cataplasm. The seed is regarded as contraceptive, fungistatic and spermacidal. The dried and pulverised seed has been used as a poultice on the skin to treat many types of skin complaints including acne. The oil from the seed, administered once a month to women, has shown promise in preventing pregnancy by interfering with the activity of progesterone. [Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants V2]
Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Root juice given for fever. Seed contraceptive, fungistatic, spermicide, for diabetes, acne and wrinkled skins, wounds and bruises, skin complaints; flour from the seeds emollient and resolvent, applied as a cataplasm. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Pea seeds are thought to cause dysentery when eaten raw. In Spain, fl our is considered emollient and resolvent, applied as a cataplasm. The seed is regarded as contraceptive, fungistatic and spermacidal. The dried and pulverised seed has been used as a poultice on the skin to treat many types of skin complaints including acne. The oil from the seed, administered once a month to women, has shown promise in preventing pregnancy by interfering with the activity of progesterone. [Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants V2]
283 Published articles of Pisum sativum
Sunday, January 25, 2015
Ranunculus laetus, Renoncule bulbeuse
Ranunculus laetus Wall. ex Hook. f. & J.W. Thomson
Family: Ranunculaceae
Chinese: 黄毛茛, huang mao gen
French: Renoncule bulbeuse
Description: Herbs perennial. Roots fibrous, subequally thick. Rhizomes ca. 2 cm. Stems 22--65 cm, hirsute below, strigose above, branched or simple. Basal leaves 1--3; petiole 4--19 cm, hirsute; blade 3-partite, cordate-pentagonal, 1.2--4.8 × 1.7--7.8 cm, herbaceous, strigose, base cordate, central lobe broadly rhombic, 3-lobed, margin irregularly dentate, apex acute; lateral lobes obliquely flabellate, unequally 2-lobed. Lower stem leaves similar to basal ones but petioles shorter, upper stem leaves subsessile or sessile. Monochasium terminal, (1 or)2--4-flowered; bracts leaflike. Flowers 1--2 cm in diam. Pedicel 1--4.5 cm. Receptacle glabrous. Sepals 5, ovate-elliptic or long elliptic, 3--5 mm, abaxially strigose. Petals 5, broadly obovate, 4.5--10 × 3--7.8 mm, nectary pit covered by a scale, apex rounded-truncate. Stamens numerous; anthers oblong. Aggregate fruit globose or broadly ovoid, 5--6 mm in diam.; carpels numerous. Achene bilaterally compressed, obliquely obovate, ca. 2.2 × 1.8 mm, glabrous, inconspicuously marginate; style persistent, ca. 0.6 mm, slightly recurved at apex. Fl. Jun--Oct.
Plant juice antibacterial, febrifuge, antifungal and antimalarial, used in intermittent fevers, gout and asthma. Paste made from the leaves used for gas troubles and joint pains. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
70–80 g of fresh leaves are ground daily for 7–8 min; 2–3 tsp (15–25 mL) of water is also added. This paste ( malum ) is applied on infected parts and wounds; 1–2 tsp (12–15 g) of paste (at one time) is applied on infection and covered with cloth; or 2–3 tsp (20–30 g) is applied to wound once per day for 1–2 days. [ Medicinal Plant Biodiversity of Lesser Himalayas-Pakistan]
Published articles of Ranunculus laetus
Medicago lupulina, Black Medic, Luzerne lupuline
Medicago lupulina L.
Family: Leguminosae
Synonyms: Medica lupulina Scop., Medicago appenina Woods, Medicago cupaniana Guss., Medicago lupulina subsp. cupaniana (Guss.) Nyman, Medicago lupulina subsp. eurasiatica Braun-Blanq., Medicago lupulina var. glandulosa W.D. J.Koch, Medicago lupulina var. lupulina, Medicago wildenowii Merat
Common name: Black Medic, Hop-clover, Black Medick
Arabic: نفل (نَفَل)، نفله (نَفَلَه، نَفْله)، نفل (نِفِل)
Chinse: 天蓝 , 天蓝苜蓿 , 黑荚苜蓿
Finnish: Nurmimailanen
French: Luzerne lupuline, Minette, Luzerne de Cupani
German: Hopfenklee
Italian: Erba-medica lupulina
Romanian: trifoi marunt
Decoction of leaves, stem, flowers and fruits given orally to treat disorders of lungs, coughs and heal wounds. Veterinary medicine, galactagogue, lenitive, nutritive fodder. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
98 Published articles of Medicago lupulina
Family: Leguminosae
Synonyms: Medica lupulina Scop., Medicago appenina Woods, Medicago cupaniana Guss., Medicago lupulina subsp. cupaniana (Guss.) Nyman, Medicago lupulina subsp. eurasiatica Braun-Blanq., Medicago lupulina var. glandulosa W.D. J.Koch, Medicago lupulina var. lupulina, Medicago wildenowii Merat
Common name: Black Medic, Hop-clover, Black Medick
Arabic: نفل (نَفَل)، نفله (نَفَلَه، نَفْله)، نفل (نِفِل)
Chinse: 天蓝 , 天蓝苜蓿 , 黑荚苜蓿
Finnish: Nurmimailanen
French: Luzerne lupuline, Minette, Luzerne de Cupani
German: Hopfenklee
Italian: Erba-medica lupulina
Romanian: trifoi marunt
Description: Annual, Herbs, Taproot present, Nodules present, Stems or branches arching, spreading or decumbent, Stems prostrate, trailing, or mat forming, Stems less than 1 m tall, Stems solid, Stems or young twigs sparsely to densely hairy, Leaves alternate, Leaves petiolate, Stipules conspicuous, Stipules green, triangulate to lanceolate or foliaceous, Stipules persistent, Stipules free, Leaves compound, Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate, Leaves odd pinnate, Leaflets dentate or denticulate, Leaflets opposite, Leaflets 3, Leaves glabrous or nearly so, Leaves hairy on one or both surfaces, Inflorescences spikes or spike-like, Inflorescences globose heads, capitate or subcapitate, Inflorescence axillary, Bracts hairy, Flowers zygomorphic, Calyx 5-lobed, Calyx hairy, Petals separate, Corolla papilionaceous, Petals clawed, Petals orange or yellow, Banner petal ovoid or obovate, Wing pet als narrow, oblanceolate to oblong, Wing petals auriculate, Wing tips obtuse or rounded, Keel tips obtuse or rounded, not beaked, Stamens 9-10, Stamens diadelphous, 9 united, 1 free, Filaments glabrous, Style terete, Fruit a legume, Fruit unilocular, Fruit freely dehiscent, Fruit strongly curved, falcate, bent, or lunate, Fruit exserted from calyx, Fruit hairy, Fruit gland-dotted or with gland-tipped hairs, Fruit 1-seeded, Seeds reniform, Seed surface smooth, Seeds olive, brown, or black.
Decoction of leaves, stem, flowers and fruits given orally to treat disorders of lungs, coughs and heal wounds. Veterinary medicine, galactagogue, lenitive, nutritive fodder. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
98 Published articles of Medicago lupulina
Consolida ajacis, Delphinium ajacis, Dauphinelle des jardins
Consolida ajacis (L.) Schur
Synonym: Delphinium ajacis L.
Family: Ranunculaceae
- Common name: Larkspur, rocket larkspur, annual delphinium, doubtful knight's-spur
- Chinese: 飞燕草
- Dutch: Valse ridderspoor
- Finnish: Tarhakukonkannus
- French: Dauphinelle des jardins
- Italian: calcitrappa, fiorcappuccia
- Picard: Pyidaloehéte
- Portuguese: Esporinha
- Swedish: romersk riddarsporre
Description: Stems 3-8(-10) dm, glabrous to sparsely puberulent. Leaves 5-20 or more. Leaf blade orbiculate, 12-60-lobed or more, 1-5 cm wide, glabrous to puberulent, lobes less than 1.5 mm wide. Inflorescences 6-30(-75)-flowered, simple or with 3 or fewer branches; bracts (at least lowermost 2) with 5 or more lobes; pedicel ascending-spreading, 1-3(-5) cm, ± puberulent; bracteoles not touching sepals, 4-20mm from flower, ± linear, 1-3mm, ± puberulent. Flowers: sepals blue to purple, rarely pink or white, nearly glabrous, lower sepal 8-18 × 4-8mm, lateral sepals 8-18 × 6-14 mm, spur 12-20 mm; petals of same color as sepals or whiter, lateral lobes 3-6mm, terminal lobes 5-8 × 2-4 mm, sinus 0.2-1 mm. Follicles 12-25 mm, puberulent.
Whole plant very poisonous, parasiticide, insecticidal. Toxic, cattle are the primary animals affected, toxin can also affect other ruminants as well as horses. Dangerous all parts, especially seeds and young leaves; roots believed to kill cows. Used in infusions to treat heart problems, wounds. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
Seed and leaf can induce dermatosis. Alkaloids ajacine and delphinine, occurring in seed and young plants of most Delphinium spp. Ingestion may cause stomach upset and nervous symptoms; death may occur if the plant is eaten in large quantities, especially by children. In Asia the seeds are reported to poison cattle; still they are used as cathartic and emetic. [Handbook of Medicinal Herbs]
60 Published articles of Consolida ajacis
Salvia splendens, bonfire salvia, scarlet sage
Salvia splendens Sellow ex Roem. & Schult
Family: Lamiaceae
- English: bonfire salvia, scarlet sage
- Chinese: yi chuan hong, 象牙红
- French: sauge écarlate, sauge éclatante, Sauge rouge
- German: Pracht-Salbei
- Korean: kkaekkot
- Manipuri: মোৰোকলৈ Moroklei
Description: Herbs suffruticose, to 90 cm tall. Petiole 3-4.5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade ovate to triangular-ovate, 2.5-7 × 2-4.5 cm, glabrous, abaxially glandular, base truncate or ± rounded, margin serrate, apex acuminate. Verticillasters 2-6-flowered, in racemes to 20 cm; bracts ovate, red, enveloping flowers in bud, apex caudate-acuminate. Pedicel 4-7 mm, red glandular villous. Calyx red, campanulate, ca. 1.6 cm in flower, dilated to 2 cm after anthesis, red glandular, veins villous, 2-lipped to ca. 1/3 its length; upper lip triangular-ovate, 5-6 × 10 mm, apex mucronate; lower lip slightly longer than upper, deeply 2-toothed, teeth triangular. Corolla scarlet, 4-4.2 cm, pubescent; tube slightly dilated at throat; upper lip straight, somewhat concave, oblong, 8-9 × ca. 4 mm; lower lip shorter than upper. Filaments ca. 5 mm; connectives ca. 1.3 cm. Nutlets dark brown, ellipsoid, ca. 3.5 mm, apex irregularly pleated, margin (or midvein) narrowly winged. Fl. Mar-Oct.
211 Published articles of Salvia splendens
Saturday, January 24, 2015
Ranunculus sceleratus, Cursed Buttercup, Nasa samvedana, Jaldhaniya
Ranunculus sceleratus L.
Family: Ranunculaceae
Synonyms: Adonis palustris Raeusch., Batrachium sceleratum (L.) Th.Fr. ex A.Pihl, Hecatonia palustris Lour., Hecatonia scelerata Fourr., Ranunculus carnosus Wall. [Invalid], Ranunculus holophyllus Hance, Ranunculus indicus Roxb., Ranunculus oryzetorum Bunge, Ranunculus sceleratus var. sceleratus, Ranunculus sceleratus f. sceleratus, Ranunculus sceleratus var. sinensis H. Lév. & Vaniot
Common name: Cursed Buttercup, Poisonous buttercup, Celery-leaved buttercup, Blister buttercup
Arabic: زغلنته (زَغَلَنته)
Chinese: 石龙芮
Dutch: Blaartrekkende boterbloem
Finnish: Konnanleinikki
French: Renoncule scélérate, Renoncule à feuilles de Cèleri
Hindi: Shim, Aglaon, जलधनिया Jaldhaniya
Manipuri: Lalukaoba
Marathi: khajakollathi, Kulagi
Nepali: नाककोरे Nakkore
Romanian: boglari
Sanskrit: Kandakatuka, Kandira, नससंवेदना Nasasamvedana
Swedish: Blåsranunkel
Erect annual or perennial herb, many branched, thickened rootstocks, fibrous roots, stems sulcate, submerged and aerial leaves quite distinct, pale yellow flowers, petals shorter than sepals with nectariferous pit, capitate stigma, achenes with irregular transverse ridges, leaf as vegetable.
Plant contains a toxic irritant acrid juice that produces protoanemonin upon mastication; ranunculin, a glycoside, becomes a volatile irritant, protoanemonin, after enzyme mediated conversion through mastication. All types of livestock can become ill upon ingestion, but cattle are most commonly affected. Horses and goats have also been poisoned. A strong fungicidal, anodyne, used in skin disorders; leaves ground with Brassica oil and applied externally on eczema. Herb emmenagogue, galactagogue. Plant juice given in bronchitis, cough; plant crushed and tied on ulcers on feet; paste of roots with mustard oil used on swellings; paste regularly applied on penis for increasing erectile power and against impotence. Whole plant decoction as insecticide. Powdered plant mixed with flour and sugar and used for rat poisoning. Leaves vesicant. Poison for arrow points. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants].
Ranunculus sceleratus L. has been used to raise blisters and as counter-irritant since time immemorial. In China, Ranunculus sceleratus L. is used to treat colds, arthritis and rheumatisms and to invigorate health. In Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam, the seeds are eaten to promote appetite and digestion, treat kidney diseases and heal abscesses. [Medicinal Plants of The Aisa-Pacific: Drugs for The Future?]
Plant contains a toxic irritant acrid juice that produces protoanemonin upon mastication; ranunculin, a glycoside, becomes a volatile irritant, protoanemonin, after enzyme mediated conversion through mastication. All types of livestock can become ill upon ingestion, but cattle are most commonly affected. Horses and goats have also been poisoned. A strong fungicidal, anodyne, used in skin disorders; leaves ground with Brassica oil and applied externally on eczema. Herb emmenagogue, galactagogue. Plant juice given in bronchitis, cough; plant crushed and tied on ulcers on feet; paste of roots with mustard oil used on swellings; paste regularly applied on penis for increasing erectile power and against impotence. Whole plant decoction as insecticide. Powdered plant mixed with flour and sugar and used for rat poisoning. Leaves vesicant. Poison for arrow points. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants].
Ranunculus sceleratus L. has been used to raise blisters and as counter-irritant since time immemorial. In China, Ranunculus sceleratus L. is used to treat colds, arthritis and rheumatisms and to invigorate health. In Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam, the seeds are eaten to promote appetite and digestion, treat kidney diseases and heal abscesses. [Medicinal Plants of The Aisa-Pacific: Drugs for The Future?]
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Calophyllum brasiliense
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Calotropis gigantea
Calotropis procera
Camellia sinensis
Campanula latifolia
Cananga odorata
Canscora diffusa
Capparis sepiaria
Capparis zeylanica
Capsella bursa-pastoris
Cardamine hirsuta
Cardiocrinum giganteum
Cardiospermum halicacabum
Carduus edelbergii
Carrichtera annua
Carthamus oxyacantha
Carthamus tinctorius
Carum carvi
Cassia angustifolia
Cassia auriculata
Cassia fistula
Cassia occidentalis
Catesbaea spinosa
Catharanthus roseus
Cayratia trifolia
Cedrela toona
Ceiba insignis
Ceiba pentandra
Celastrus paniculatus
Celosia argentea
Centaurium erythraea
Centella asiatica
Cestrum diurnum
Chaerophyllum reflexum
Chamaesyce hypericifolia
Chenopodium album
Chenopodium ambrosioides
Chenopodium murale
Chrozophora rottleri
Cicer arietinum
Cichorium glandulosum
Cichorium pumilum
Cinnamomum camphora
Cinnamomum tamala
Cinnamomum verum
Circaea alpina
Cissampelos pareira
Cissus quadrangularis
Citrullus lanatus
Cleistanthus patulus
Clematis gouriana
Clematis montana
Cleome gynandra
Clerodendrum chinense
Clerodendrum indicum
Clerodendrum infortunatum
Clerodendrum laevifolium
Clerodendrum philippinum
Clerodendrum phlomidis
Clerodendrum serratum
Clerodendrum splendens
Clerodendrum wallichii
Coccinia grandis
Cocculus hirsutus
Cocculus laurifolius
Cochlospermum religiosum
Coix lacryma-jobi
Colebrookea oppositifolia
Coleus aromaticus
Colocasia esculenta
Combretum indicum
Commelina benghalensis
Commelina maculata
Commelina paludosa
Commiphora caudata
Commiphora mukul
Commiphora wightii
Conocarpus lancifolius
Consolida ajacis
Convolvulus pluricaulis
Cordyline fruticosa
Corydalis cornuta
Cosmos sulphureus
Costus speciosus
Cotinus coggygria
Couroupita guianensis
Crinum asiaticum
Crocus sativus
Crossandra infundibuliformis
Crotalaria alata
Crotalaria pallida
Crotalaria prostrata
Croton klotzschianus
Croton scabiosus
Croton tiglium
Cryptolepis buchananii
Cryptolepis dubia
Cryptostegia grandiflora
Cucumis sativus
Cuminum cyminum
Cupressus torulosa
Curculigo orchioides
Curcuma amada
Curcuma longa
Cuscuta reflexa
Cyananthus lobatus
Cyanthillium cinereum
Cycas revoluta
Cyclanthera pedata
Cymbopogon nardus
Cynodon dactylon
Cyperus laevigatus
Cyperus malaccensis
Cyperus rotundus
Dactyloctenium aegyptium
Dactylorhiza hatagirea
Dalbergia latifolia
Datisca cannabina
Datura metel
Datura stramonium
Daucus carota
Delphinium ajacis
Delphinium denudatum
Delphinium elatum
Dendrobium densiflorum
Dendrobium ovatum
Derris scandens
Derris trifoliata
Desmodium concinnum
Desmodium gangeticum
Desmodium heterocarpon
Desmodium multiflorum
Desmodium triflorum
Dichrocephala integrifolia
Dicliptera paniculata
Didymocarpus pedicellatus
Dillenia indica
Dimorphocalyx glabellus
Dimorphoteca ecklonis
Dioscorea alata
Dioscorea pentaphylla
Dioscorea polygonoides
Diospyros kaki
Diospyros malabarica
Dipteracanthus patulus
Dipteracanthus prostratus
Dolichandrone spathacea
Dolichos biflorus
Dregea volubilis
Drimia indica
Drosera peltata
Duranta erecta
Dysoxylum binectariferum
Dysoxylum gotadhora
Dysphania ambrosioides
Echinocereus pentalophus
Echinops niveus
Echium plantagineum
Edgeworthia gardneri
Eichhornia crassipes
Elaeagnus umbellata
Elaeocarpus ganitrus
Elephantopus scaber
Eleutheranthera ruderalis
Elsholtzia fruticosa
Elytraria acaulis
Embelia ribes
Emblica officinalis
Enterolobium cyclocarpum
Ephedra foliata
Ephedra gerardiana
Epipactis helleborine
Eranthemum pulchellum
Eryngium foetidum
Erysimum hieraciifolium
Erythrina suberosa
Erythrina variegata
Euonymus echinatus
Euonymus japonicus
Eupatorium capillifolium
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Euphorbia antiquorum
Euphorbia cornigera
Euphorbia cotinifolia
Euphorbia granulata
Euphorbia heterophylla
Euphorbia hirta
Euphorbia hypericifolia
Euphorbia milii
Euphorbia nivulia
Euphorbia peplus
Euphorbia tirucalli
Fagonia cretica
Fagopyrum acutatum
Ferula foetida
Ficus elastica
Ficus religiosa
Filicium decipiens
Filipendula vestita
Flacourtia indica
Flemingia procumbens
Flemingia semialata
Foeniculum vulgare
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Fumaria indica
Fumaria parviflora
Furcraea foetida
Galega officinalis
General
Gentiana kurroo
Geranium lucidum
Geranium nepalense
Geranium pratense
Geranium wallichianum
Ghee
Globba schomburgkii
Glochidion hohenackeri
Gloriosa superba
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Gmelina arborea
Gomphrena globosa
Gomphrena serrata
Goodyera repens
Grewia asiatica
Grewia optiva
Grewia serrulata
Grewia tenax
Gymnema sylvestre
Habenaria edgeworthii
Habenaria plantaginea
Handroanthus impetiginosus
Hedychium spicatum
Helianthus annuus
Helicteres isora
Helinus lanceolatus
Heliotropium indicum
Hemidesmus indicus
Hemigraphis alternata
Hemigraphis colorata
Hemigraphis hirta
Heracleum sphondylium
Herpetospermum pedunculosum
Hibiscus cannabinus
Hibiscus esculentus
Hibiscus hirtus
Hibiscus lobatus
Hibiscus radiatus
Hibiscus vitifolius
Hippophae rhamnoides
Holarrhena antidysenterica
Holarrhena pubescens
Holoptelea integrifolia
Hosta plantaginea
Hoya carnosa
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides
Hydrolea zeylanica
Hygrophila auriculata
Hygrophila polysperma
Hygrophila schulli
Hylocereus undatus
Hymenocallis speciosa
Hymenodictyon orixense
Hyoscyamus niger
Hypericum dyeri
Hypericum elodeoides
Hypericum oblongifolium
Hyptis suaveolens
Ilex dipyrena
Impatiens balsamina
Impatiens bracteata
Impatiens racemosa
Indigofera aspalathoides
Indigofera astragalina
Indigofera glabra
Ipomoea alba
Ipomoea aquatica
Ipomoea marginata
Isodon rugosus
Ixeris polycephala
Jacaranda mimosifolia
Jacquemontia pentantha
Jasminum auriculatum
Jasminum multiflorum
Jatropha curcas
Jatropha gossypifolia
Juncus thomsonii
Justicia adhatoda
Justicia brandegeeana
Justicia carnea
Justicia gendarussa
Justicia pubigera
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
Kallstroemia pubescens
Koelreuteria elegans
Koelreuteria paniculata
Koenigia delicatula
Kopsia fruticosa
Kydia calycina
Kyllinga brevifolia
Lablab purpureus
Lactuca dissecta
Lantana camara
Lathyrus sativus
Leea aequata
Lens culinaris
Leonotis nepetifolia
Leonurus cardiaca
Lepidium sativum
Lepisanthes rubiginosa
Leucas aspera
Leucas nutans
Leucostemma latifolium
Leycesteria formosa
Ligularia amplexicaulis
Ligularia fischeri
Lilium polyphyllum
Linum usitatissimum
Liparis nervosa
Liquidambar formosana
Litsea monopetala
Lupinus angustifolius
Lycium ferocissimum
Macaranga peltata
Maesa argentea
Magnolia champaca
Mahonia napaulensis
Malachra Capitata
Mallotus nudiflorus
Mallotus philippinensis
Malva sylvestris
Malvastrum coromandelianum
Marchantia polymorpha
Martynia annua
Medicago lupulina
Medicinal Plants of India
Melilotus indicus
Melochia corchorifolia
Memecylon edule
Memecylon umbellatum
Mercurialis annua
Meriandra strobilifera
Merremia cissoides
Mesua ferrea
Micrococca mercuriali
Micromeria biflora
Mikania micrantha
Millettia pinnata
Mimosa polyancistra
Mimosa pudica
Mitragyna parvifolia
Modiola caroliniana
Momordica charantia
Momordica cochinchinensis
Morinda citrifolia
Morinda pubescens
Moringa oleifera
Mucuna pruriens
Muehlenbeckia platyclada
Muehlenbeckia platyclados
Muntingia calabura
Murdannia nudiflora
Murraya koenigii
Muscari neglectum
Myriactis nepalensis
Myristica fragrans
Myrtus communis
Naravelia zeylanica
Nardostachys grandiflora
Nardostachys jatamansi
Naringi crenulata
Nasturtium officinale
Nelumbo nucifera
Neolamarckia cadamba
Nepeta laevigata
Nerium indicum
Nerium oleander
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia
Nicotiana rustica
Nicotiana tabacum
Nigella sativa
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Nymphaea nouchali
Nymphaea pubescens
Nymphoides indica
Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum gratissimum
Ocimum kilimandscharicum
Ocimum sanctum
Oldenlandia umbellata
Ononis natrix
Ononis repens
Ononis spinosa
Operculina turpethum
Origanum majorana
Oroxylum indicum
Osteospermum ecklonis
Others
Oxyria digyna
Pachygone ovata
Pachyrhizus erosus
Paederia foetida
Pandanus tectorius
Papaver somniferum
Passiflora caerulea
Passiflora vitifolia
Pavetta indica
Pentapetes phoenicea
Pentas lanceolata
Peperomia argyreia
Peperomia heyneana
Peperomia pellucida
Peperomia sandersii
Peperomia tetraphylla
Perilla frutescens
Persicaria amplexicaulis
Persicaria barbata
Persicaria capitata
Persicaria glabra
Persicaria nepalensis
Phalaenopsis taenialis
Phaulopsis dorsiflora
Philodendron bipinnatifidum
Phlomis bracteosa
Phlomoides bracteosa
Phyllanthus acidus
Phyllanthus amarus
Phyllanthus fraternus
Phyllanthus lawii
Phyllanthus rotundifolius
Physalis grisea
Physalis peruviana
Picrorhiza kurroa
Pilea microphylla
Pimpinella anisum
Piper betle
Piper longum
Piper nigrum
Pisonia aculeata
Pistia stratiotes
Pisum sativum
Plantago orbignyana
Plantago ovata
Platanthera edgeworthii
Platostoma elongatum
Plectranthus barbatus
Plectranthus scutellarioides
Plumbago auriculata
Plumbago capensis
Plumbago zeylanica
Plumeria rubra
Podranea ricasoliana
Polemonium caeruleum
Polygala crotalarioides
Polygala persicariifolia
Polygonatum cirrhifolium
Polygonatum verticillatum
Polygonum amplexicaule
Polygonum barbatum
Polygonum recumbens
Pongamia pinnata
Portulaca oleracea
Portulaca umbraticola
Portulacaria afra
Potentilla fruticosa
Potentilla supina
Premna corymbosa
Premna tomentosa
Primula denticulata
Primula floribunda
Primula vulgaris
Prunus Amygdalus
Prunus dulcis
Pseuderanthemum carruthersii
Pseudobombax ellipticum
Pseudocaryopteris foetida
Psidium guajava
Psidium guineense
Pterocarpus santalinus
Pterospermum acerifolium
Pterospermum lanceifolium
Pterygota alata
Pulicaria dysenterica
Punica granatum
Putranjiva roxburghii
Pyrostegia venusta
Quisqualis indica
Ranunculus arvensis
Ranunculus laetus
Ranunculus sceleratus
Raphanus sativus
Rauvolfia serpentina
Rauvolfia tetraphylla
Reinwardtia indica
Rhamphicarpa fistulosa
Rhodiola trifida
Rhodiola wallichiana
Rhododendron arboreum
Rhynchosia heynei
Rhynchosia himalensis
Rhynchosia viscosa
Ricinus communis
Rorippa indica
Roscoea purpurea
Rosmarinus officinalis
Ruellia patula
Ruellia prostrata
Ruellia tuberosa
Rumex dentatus
Rumex hastatus
Rungia pectinata
Saccharum officinarum
Saccharum spontaneum
Salix denticulata
Salix tetrasperma
Salvadora persica
Salvia involucrata
Salvia miltiorrhiza
Salvia nubicola
Salvia splendens
Sambucus canadensis
Sambucus mexicana
Sambucus nigra
Santalum album
Sapindus saponaria
Saussurea auriculata
Saussurea candicans
Saussurea obvallata
Scadoxus multiflorus
Scutellaria baicalensis
Scutellaria grossa
Scutellaria repens
Sedum oreades
Semecarpus anacardium
Senna auriculata
Senna occidentalis
Senna siamea
Senna sophera
Sesbania bispinosa
Sesbania grandiflora
Seseli diffusum
Sesuvium portulacastrum
Setaria verticillata
Shorea robusta
Sida cordata
Sida cordifolia
Sida retusa
Sida spinosa
Sideritis hirsuta
Silybum marianum
Smithia ciliata
Solanum chrysotrichum
Solanum erianthum
Solanum jasminoides
Solanum melongena
Solanum nigrum
Solanum sisymbriifolium
Solanum surattense
Solanum torvum
Solanum tuberosum
Solanum villosum
Sonchus oleraceus
Soymida febrifuga
Sphaeranthus amaranthoides
Sphenoclea zeylanica
Spiranthes australis
Spiranthes sinensis
Spondias pinnata
Stellaria media
Stellera chamaejasme
Stephania japonica
Sterculia alata
Sterculia foetida
Sterculia villosa
Stereospermum tetragonum
Stevia rebaudiana
Striga asiatica
Strophanthus boivinii
Strychnos minor
Strychnos nux-vomica
Strychnos potatorum
Suaeda maritima
Suregada multiflora
Swertia angustifolia
Swertia bimaculata
Swertia cordata
Swertia paniculata
Swietenia macrophylla
Swietenia mahagoni
Syzygium alternifolium
Syzygium aromaticum
Syzygium cumini
Syzygium jambos
Syzygium samarangense
Tabebuia aurea
Tabebuia avellanedae
Talinum portulacifolium
Tamarindus indica
Taxus baccata
Tecoma castanifolia
Tephrosia calophylla
Tephrosia purpurea
Teramnus labialis
Terminalia alata
Terminalia catappa
Terminalia chebula
Terminalia elliptica
Terminalia pallida
Teucrium botrys
Teucrium royleanum
Thalictrum foliolosum
Thespesia populnea
Thunbergia erecta
Thunbergia fragrans
Thunbergia grandiflora
Thymus linearis
Tiliacora acuminata
Tiliacora racemosa
Tinospora cordifolia
Tinospora crispa
Tinospora sinensis
Toona ciliata
Trewia nudiflora
Tribulus terrestris
Trichodesma indicum
Trichosanthes cucumerina
Trichosanthes palmata
Trichosanthes tricuspidata
Trifolium repens
Trigonella foenum-graecum
Triumfetta rhomboidea
Tylophora indica
Uraria picta
Urena lobata
Urena sinuata
Urginea coromandeliana
Vachellia horrida
Valeriana jatamansi
Vanda tessellata
Veronica serpyllifolia
Viburnum coriaceum
Vicia bakeri
Vicia faba
Vicia sativa
Vigna radiata
Vigna unguiculata
Vinca rosea
Viola rupestris
Viscum album
Vitex negundo
Vitis vinifera
Withania somnifera
Wrightia tinctoria
Wulfeniosis amherstiana
Zamia furfuracea
Ziziphus jujuba
Ziziphus mauritiana
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